Originally published August 21 2005
Roundup weed killer is deadly to frogs
by Mike Adams, the Health Ranger, NaturalNews Editor
A University of Pittsburgh biologist has found that the commonly used herbicide Roundup brand weed and grass killer, even at low doses, can be deadly to tadpoles and frogs.
As amphibians continue to mysteriously disappear worldwide, a University of Pittsburgh researcher may have found more pieces of the puzzle.
Elaborating on his previous research, Pitt assistant professor of biological sciences Rick Relyea has discovered that Roundup�, the most commonly used herbicide in the world, is deadly to tadpoles at lower concentrations than previously tested; that the presence of soil does not mitigate the chemical's effects; and that the product kills frogs in addition to tadpoles.
In two articles published in the August 1 issue of the journal Ecological Applications, Relyea and his doctoral students Nancy Schoeppner and Jason Hoverman found that even when applied at concentrations that are one-third of the maximum concentrations expected in nature, Roundup� still killed up to 71 percent of tadpoles raised in outdoor tanks.
Relyea also examined whether adding soil to the tanks would absorb the Roundup� and make it less deadly to tadpoles.
The soil made no difference: After exposure to the maximum concentration expected in nature, nearly all of the tadpoles from three species died.
Studying how Roundup� affected frogs after metamorphosis, Relyea found that the recommended application of Roundup� Weed and Grass Killer, a formulation marketed to homeowners and gardeners, killed up to 86 percent of terrestrial frogs after only one day.
"The most striking result from the experiments was that a chemical designed to kill plants killed 98 percent of all tadpoles within three weeks and 79 percent of all frogs within one day," Relyea wrote.
Previous studies have determined that it is Roundup�'s surfactant (polyethoxylated tallowamine, or POEA, an "inert" ingredient added to make the herbicide penetrate plant leaves) and not the active herbicide (glyphosate) that is lethal to amphibians.
This research was funded by the National Science Foundation, Pitt's McKinley Fund, and the Pennsylvania Academy of Science.
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