Ann N. Martin
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 Websites
In the United States
American Board of Veterinary toxicology. Provides addresses and various links to toxicology sites: www.abvt.org
Animal Protection Institute. An organization that informs, educates, and advocates the humane treatment ofall animals: www.api4animals/org/
Katie Merwick. The Second Chance Ranch, provides insight into adopt-
In Defense of Animals. This site addresses cruelty to animals and what this organization is doing: to end such treatment:
Wendell Belfield, DVM. Site provides information on the treatment of
Shawn Messonnier, DVM. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 So new that ten years ago, when Gilbert first came to the Arkansas Children's Hospital, few researchers were experts in both immunology and toxicology; indeed, an experienced immunotoxi-cologist was hard to find. When Gilbert first arrived on the campus as an immunologist, she was immediately approached by a colleague in toxicology to see if she would be interested in collaborating on research on chemical triggers of autoimmunity. Dr. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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 Fentem JH, Fry JR, Thomas NW, Species differences in the hepatotoxicity of coumarin - a comparision of rat and Mongolian gerbil. In: toxicology 71(1-2):129. 1992.
Hardt TJ, Ritschel WA, The effect of coumarin and 7-hydroxycoumarin on in vitro macrophage phagocytosis of latex particles. In: Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 5(l):39-43. 1983.
Hausen BM, Schmieder M, The sensitizing capacity of coumarins. In: Contact Dermatitis 15(3): 157-163. 1986.
Hazleton LW, Tusing TW, Zeitlin BR, Thiesen R, Murer HK, Toxicity of coumarin. In: J Pharmacol Exp Ther 116:348-358. 1956. |
| Systemic studies about toxicology are unknown.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
¦ Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Wichtl M (Hrsg.), Teedrogen, 4. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges. Stuttgart 1997.
Samuellson G et al., (1981) Acta Pharm Sueca 18:179.
Schmidt S, Unkonventionelle Heilverfahren in der Tumortherapie. In: ZPT 17(2): 115-117. 1996.
Schwarz T et al, Stimulation by a stable, standardised mistletoe preparation of cytokine production in an in vitro human skin bioassay. In: PM 62, Abstracts of the 44th Ann Congress of GA, 1996.
Stirpe F et al, (1982) J Biol Chem 257(22): 13271. |
| The centers have a wide variety of toxicology resources, including a computerized database of some 750,000 substances maintained by Micromedex, Inc., an affiliate of
PDR. Staff members are trained to resolve toxic situations in the home of the caller, though hospital referrals are given in some instances. The centers also offer a range of educational services to both the public and healthcare professionals. In some states, these larger centers exist side by side with smaller centers offering a more limited range of services.
Within each state, centers are listed alphabetically by city. |
| Suite 104
Memphis, TN 38163 Business: 901-448-6800 Emergency: 901-528-6048
800-288-9999 (TN) Fax: 901-448-5419 nashville Middle Tennessee Poison Center (*) The Center for Clinical toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
1161 21st Ave. South 501 Oxford House Nashville, TN 37232-4632 Business: 615-936-0760 Emergency: 615-936-2034
800-288-9999 (TN) Fax: 615-936-2046
TEXAS dallas
North Texas Poison Center (*)
5201 Harry Hines Blvd. P.O. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 One study, in the journal toxicology, demonstrated curcumin's significant liver protection in male rats largely through its antioxidant properties. Mark Stengler, N.D., recommends it for hepatitis and says that it is frequently used to lower elevated liver enzymes.
And then, to top it off, there's cancer. There are at least thirteen published studies indicating that curcumin reduced either the number or the size of tumors or the percentage of animals in the studies that developed them. Of course, these are mostly animal studies, but still, that's pretty promising. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| Pumford's thought was that he could supply the expertise in toxicology, while Gilbert, who had made a name for herself in immunology while doing her postdoctoral research at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, could supply the immunology know-how.
In 1997, Gilbert was fascinated by the prospect of opening one of the most tightly shut black boxes of modern medical science: she wanted to see in the lab how cellular processes break down when exposed to an environmental toxin. |
| When Gilbert first arrived on the campus as an immunologist, she was immediately approached by a colleague in toxicology to see if she would be interested in collaborating on research on chemical triggers of autoimmunity. Dr. Neil Pumford was curious about whether TCE—one of the most common and pervasive toxicants in our air, water, and soil—might be implicated in autoimmune diseases such as lupus. |
Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| An article in toxicology reported that mice administered a single dose of cadmium (by mouth) developed gastroenteritis (irritation and inflammation of the stomach and intestines).108 Just one dose! This is scary considering many humans are exposed to cadmium multiple times a day, especially if they smoke or are subjected to cigarette smoke. Smoking just one cigarette introduces the body to around 20 micrograms! Only half of this is excreted, meaning about 10 micrograms remain in other parts of the body. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 They're experts on toxicology, not nutrition, and they still suffer under the illusion that the less sunlight consumers receive on their skin, the healthier they will be (hence the EWG's insistence that sunscreen products with ineffective UV blocking are also "unsafe"). The EWG also seems to be completely unaware that the best sunscreen is internal sunscreen built from antioxidants. Eat lots of berries, spirulina, chlorella and superfoods, and you'll build up a natural, internal sunscreen that blocks excess UV rays naturally. |
Bottom Line Health
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| REACTION
A consortium of organizations including Consumers for Dental Choice, the Mercury Policy Project and the International Academy of Oral Medicine and toxicology filed a petition to the FDA to immediately ban mercury fillings for pregnant women so as to protect their unborn children. The FDA has six months to respond to the petition.
"We're doing this primarily as a precautionary measure to protect unborn children from unnecessary exposure to mercury," says Michael Bender, director of the Mercury Policy Project, located in Montpelier, Vermont. |
Devra Davis
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 From Hueper's letter of referral for this case, we learn that the Haskell toxicology lab had asked Kehoe on May 14, 1936, to review the collected tissues that had originally been examined at the
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The typewritten reports from Kehoe's files are all we have. At the time, his laboratory was certainly the only place where lead could be studied in this manner. The report that Kehoe signed on this toddler said that her bones were nearly 1 percent lead. He concluded that she had probably eaten lead paint shortly before her death. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| In one recent and provocative paper from Stockholm University's Unit for Biochemical toxicology, investigators were unable to find a dose that didn't alter the function of our immune cells at each major step that the immune system takes in mounting a defense to protect us against foreign antigens. Despite such evidence, manufacturers of the chemical maintain that PFOA does not pose a health risk to humans, citing a lack of sufficient evidence.
Consider now the strawberries and cantaloupe Becky prepares for breakfast. |
Jeffrey M. Smith
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 In endocrinology and toxicology research, differences are not always proportional to their effects. A small dose of a hormone, for example, can cause a woman to ovulate, while a larger dose can make her infertile.
"When all other excuses failed, Monsanto claimed that with such a large study, one would expect lots of results to fall in the statistically significant category purely by chance. Thus, no follow-up is required. |
Bottom Line Health
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| International Academy of Oral Medicine and toxicology news release. Associated Press.
In the first public hearings on the subject in more than a decade, federal health advisers have rejected a government report suggesting that mercury-containing amalgam dental fillings are safe.
However, this decision by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisory panel is not a declaration that the widely used fillings are unsafe. |
| Holstege, MD, associate professor of emergency medicine and pediatrics, and director, Blue Ridge Poison Center, division of medical toxicology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences online.
The first human tests of a vaccine to prevent ricin poisoning show that it is safe and effective, researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center report.
Ricin is a bioterrorism agent that is very potent. This is something that is a risk to the general public.
Christopher P. |
| Holstege, director of the Blue Ridge Poison Center in the division of medical toxicology at the University of Virginia, thinks that developing a successful vaccine against ricin is important to thwart a potential bioterror attack. There is a pressing need for an effective vaccine for ricin poisoning, Holstege says. "Ricin is a bioterrorism agent that is very potent," he says. "This is something that is a risk to the general public and to the military."
What Is Ricin?
Ricin is a lethal poison that is considered a potential bioterror threat. |
Devra Davis
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| Years later he learned what was behind this: "In 1960, I was told by a former Member of the Haskell Laboratory of Industrial toxicology, a startling tale. . . . Rather unexpectedly my colleague, whom I had met before at various occasions, said, 'I am well acquainted with your recent publications. They are being handed to me as carbon copies before publication, for comments and appraisal after having been forwarded to the management of the DuPont Company, from someone in Washington.' |
Lester A. Mitscher and Victoria Toews
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 A study published in the journal Food & Chemical toxicology found that rats administered the equivalent of a human dose of green tea had a lower risk of cancer because "the anticarcinogenic effect of green tea facilitated the metabolism of chemical carcinogens into inactive, readily excretable products."6
Mutagens are a broad range of compounds that cause genetic mutations; these mutations often instigate the initiation stage of cancer. |
Devra Davis
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| Kehoe remained at the top of his profession, hailed as the founder of modern industrial toxicology. Neither fully appreciated that what passes for facts depends on when and whether those facts are ever permitted to surface, and to whom they are ultimately given.
I
TIME
The Weekly Newsmagazine
DR. CLARENCE COOK ("PETE") LITTLE
"// it* can fit ail the 'a&nttn tufting about Cancer. . . ."¦
Number 12
Featured on the cover o^Time magazine in 1937, Clarence Cook Little headed the American Society for Cancer Control in 1929, and the American Cancer Society in 1944. |
Paula Begoun and Bryan Barron
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 Source: toxicology and Industrial Health, September 2006, pages 321-327).
© Natural Herbal Seaclay with Goa Herb Oil Balancing Mask, for Oily Skin ($8.98 for 4 ounces) contains peppermint oil, which sabotages an otherwise effective but average clay mask. Goa herb oil (also known as ringworm oil) is very irritating to skin and mucous membranes, and is also easily absorbed, where it can cause systemic problems (Source: www. naturaldatabase.com). |
Steven V. Joyal
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 A recent clinical trial published in the scientific journal Regulatory and toxicology Pharmacology showed that supplementing with just 150 mg per day of ubiquinol resulted in CoQIO blood levels of 3.84 mcg/mL, while subjects who took 300 mg daily reached levels of 7.28 mcg/mL. It took only four weeks to achieve these desirable high levels.
These data can be contrasted with recently published data in the scientific journals Archives of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, which showed that much higher doses of ubiquinone were required to obtain comparable blood CoQIO levels. |
Bill Sardi
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 Food Chemistry toxicology 42: S3-37, 2004] Tobacco companies have added levulinic acid to cigarettes to enhance the habit-forming effect of nicotine. Levulinic acid reduces the pH of tobacco smoke, making it easier for smokers to inhale cigarette smoke deeper into the lungs. [Nicotine Tobacco Research 7: 761-71, 2005] Cigarette manufacturers may even be able to skirt around laws that limit nicotine content by using nicotine analogs (nicotine-like molecules). |
Paula Begoun and Bryan Barron
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| Kola nut has plenty of caffeine as well, but of greater concern is its amine content, which can form nitrosamines—potential carcinogens that are not something you want to routinely (if ever) apply to your skin (Source: Food and Chemical toxicology, August 1995, pages 625-630). This product also contains irriraring geranium and ylang ylang oils, which have no place in a moisturizer except to add fragrance. What a shame, because this is otherwise an excellent, well-packaged moisturizer for normal to slightly dry skin.
© Liquid Skin, for All Skin Types ($70for 1. |
| The problem is the inclusion of fragrance components of linalool, limonene, and cinnamyl alcohol, the latter of which is a known skin sensitizer and inappropriate for use in a product meant to protect skin from sun damage (Source: Chemical Research in toxicology, March 2004, pages 301-310). It's interesting that cinammyl alcohol and its aldehyde form are part of a standard fragrance mix used by dermatologists to determine whether a patient is suffering allergic contact dermatitis from fragrance (Source: www.dermatologytimes. com/dermatologytimes/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=396332). |
| Further, esculin is considered toxic and is not recommended for topical application by some experts (Source: Ellenhorn'sMedical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning, 2nd Edition, Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997). That alone makes this sun-worthy but cellulite-bogus product not worth considering.
© Sunban Lotion for the Body SPF 20, Oil-Free ($32 for 6 ounces) does not contain the UVA-protecting ingredients of titanium dioxide, or zinc oxide, avobenzone, Tinosorb, or Mexoryl SX, and is not recommended. |
Ralph Golan, M.D.
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 National Research Council, Subcommittee on Immunotoxicology, Committee on Biologic Markers, Board on Environmental Studies and toxicology, Commission on Life Sciences. Biological Markers in Immunotoxicology and Environmental Neurotoxicology and Multiple Chemical Sensitivities. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1992.
Pearson, D. The Natural House Book: Creating a Healthy, Harmonious, and Ecologically Sound Home Environment. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.
Penzer, V., D.D.S. "Amalgam Toxicity: Grand Deception," The Townsend Letter for Doctors #35: 58-63, Feb./Mar., 1986, 911 Tyler St. |
Paula Begoun and Bryan Barron
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| But the effect is merely temporary, and it should be noted that at these levels the acrylate-based film-forming agents may pose a risk of irritation (Source: International Journal of toxicology, November 15, 2002, Supplement 3, pages 1-50).
© $$$ Firmology ($30 for 1.7 ounces) is sold as being "so sexy you'll be tempted to call it 'complexion lingerie,' " but it's all talk. This is a standard, water- and silicone-based serum that contains light-reflecting pigments for a nice glow. |
| Surprisingly, there is even research showing that workers who handle pure hydroquinone actually have lower incidences of cancer than the population as a whole (Source: Critical Reviews in toxicology, May 1999, pages 283-330).
Hydroquinone can be an unstable ingredient in cosmetic formulations. When exposed to air or sunlight it can turn a strange shade of brown. Therefore, when you are considering a hydroquinone product, it is essential to make sure it is packaged in a non-transparent container that doesn't let light in and that minimizes air exposure. |
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