Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 Vaginal and cervical cultures are done if the practitioner suspects a sexually transmitted disease. Some urology experts, especially urogynecologists, may choose to recommend a potassium sensitivity test, which instills potassium into the bladder, to see if the bladder has increased in permeability. If the usual pain gets worse, the test is considered positive for IC.
On cystoscopy, bladder ulcers called Hunner's ulcers and reduced bladder capacity are detected in less than 10 percent of individuals with IC. If these ulcers are seen, this is considered definitive for IC. |
Paul D. Blanc, M.D.
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 Reiter was a prominent National Socialist official and the author of a major Nazi text on racial purity but is temembered today largely through the chlamydia-caused sexually transmitted disease named aftet him, Reiter's syndrome.
By 1940, the first report of carbon disulfide poisoning specifically due to rayon staple manufacturing in Germany appeared.63 It described a forty-year-old man who began working in the industry in April 1936 and one year later was so intoxicated that he was hospitalized with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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| The best protection against acquiring a sexually transmitted disease is for the male partner to use latex condoms.
• All heterosexual women who engage in unprotected sex with one or more men are at risk for STIs. Women with frequent partners or multiple partners have more STIs.
• Oral contraceptive use may predispose women to chlamydial infection.11
• Patients diagnosed with one STI should be screened for other common STIs.
• IV drug users should avoid sharing needles.
• Health-care workers should be focused and careful and practice universal precautions in their workplace. |
| Mild dysplasia is detected in about 1 percent of women visiting their private gynecologist and about 14 percent of women who visited designated sexually transmitted disease clinics.6 Besides HPV, other risks include early age at first intercourse, giving birth before age 22, cigarette smoking, low socioeconomic status, number of lifetime partners, and possibly, although not conclusively, oral contraceptive use. |
| A dietary approach for preventing recurring herpes outbreaks that reduces high-arginine foods
• Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease. Education about recognizing the disease and its prodromal symptoms of itching, numbness, and tingling and protection during sexual contact or abstaining during outbreaks are important in preventing transmission.
• The virus can shed; thus, transmission of the disease to another individual is possible even without symptoms. The use of barrier methods is recommended for any person who has evidence of prior infection with HSV-2. |
| Stop screening: for women 70 years or older who have had three or more consecutive normal Paps after age 60
• Women with ASC-US and ASC-H can receive HPV testing to determine low-risk or high-risk HPV subtypes
• Women with ASC-H, LSIL, and HSIL should get a colposcopy and biopsies
KEY CONCEPTS
• Cervical dysplasia is a sexually transmitted disease transmitted through skin-to-skin contact. Condoms do not fully protect because HPV extends onto skin beyond the condom, but they may impart some protection and may enhance possibility of regression of low-grade lesions to normal. |
Benjamin H. Natelson, M.D.
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 The second infectious agent is chlamydia pneumoniae, a common cause of respiratory infection and one that is implicated in some cases of chronic fatigue (the other chlamydia you may have heard of as a sexually transmitted disease is a different strain of the same bacteria). If testing is positive, both of these agents can be treated by an infectious diseases specialist.
Chronic Sinusitis
Some people with chronic fatigue or widespread pain will mention that they also have other recurring symptoms, or their past medical record may make note of such conditions. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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| One of the most important points I am sure to explain to my clients is that cervical cancer is a sexually transmitted disease, greatly promoted by smoking, but one that usually grows slowly over years from its precursor, dysplasia, and is treatable in all of its earliest forms.
Atypia
Another possible Pap smear result is atypia—which is really a kind of fence-sitting cell. The cells are not changed enough to warranr being labeled as abnormal, but they are not quite normal either. |
Bill Sardi
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 International Journal Epidemiology 34: 193-97, 2005] An analysis of previous studies confirms there is an association between exposure to any sexually transmitted disease and prostate cancer. [Family Medicine 37: 506-12, 2005]
What to do to prevent prostate cancer
What Happens to U.S. Prostate Cancer Mortality Rates as Screening Rates Increased?
10
With virtually all men at risk for prostate cancer, and all harboring cancer cells in their prostate gland from early in life, prevention should be emphasized. So far there is no agreement on just what preventive measures should be practiced. |
J. Douglas Bremner
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 These drugs are also used for kidney infections, sexually transmitted disease, prostate infections, and skin infections. These drugs can cause headache, abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea and may cause serious sun-sensitivity reactions. Ofloxacin causes insomnia in 13% of patients.
The third-generation quinolone drugs, which include levofloxacin (Levaquin), sparfloxacin (Zagam), gatifloxicin (Tequin), and moxifloxacin (Avelox), are used for bronchitis and pneumonia. Levofloxacin causes headache and nausea in 7% of patients and rarely may cause seizures. |
Devra Davis
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 National and international surveys reveal that HPV remains a common sexually transmitted disease. The most common variants of the virus lay behind seven out of every ten cases of cervical cancer in industrial countries and probably even more in the rapidly developing regions of the world. Even today, 4,000 women in America—many more blacks than whites—die each year of a cancer that is believed to be largely avoidable. We do not know why older black women have three times more cervical cancer than white women and die of the disease more often. |
Marshall Editions
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 PERSONAL COMPLAINTS
CHLAMYDIA
DIAGNOSIS
Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. This infection can be contracted through unprotected oral, vaginal, or anal sexual contact with an infected partner. It is one of the most common STDs, and is preventable and treatable. It often presents no symptoms in men or women, unless it leads to complications, and many people are unaware that they even have the disease. In women, the infection can cause cystitis, urethritis, a change in vaginal discharge, or abdominal pain. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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 See also sexually transmitted disease in Part Two.
Q Worldwide efforts to eradicate HIV through research, drugs, vaccines, health programs, and nutrition are unprecedented. New drug and nutrient therapies offer more hope than ever before to those living with HIV and AIDS. Current drug therapies are making progress in bringing the disease under control. For example, the number of HIV-related deaths in the United States decreased from 16,516 in 1997 to 13,210 in 1998. For the first time since 1987, AIDS dropped out of the top fifteen causes of death in America. |
Stephen Cummings and Dana Ullman
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 SEE YOUR HEALTH PRACTITIONER WITHIN THE NEXT FEW DAYS: þif you have had sexual contact with someone known to have or suspected of having gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV, or Chlamydia infection, or any other major sexually transmitted disease. You don't need to see your health practitioner immediately if you've simply been exposed to herpes, genital warts, or a yeast infection, but since two or more sexually transmitted diseases often occur together, a checkup soon is indicated. |
Jacky Law
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 Thousands more probably suffered and died over a similar period because cervical cancer was treated as bad luck rather than a preventable sexually transmitted disease,' continues Ewald.5
Even when the patents on Zantac and the other H2 antagonists expired, the next generation of drugs to control stomach acid, the proton-pump inhibitors, went on to enlarge the market further. So-called proton pumps are found on the cells that line the stomach and are used by these cells to produce stomach acid to help digestion. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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| Other than that, abstinence is the only way to avoid any chance of infection with a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Changing partners particularly puts one at risk, and any exchange of bodily fluids is theoretically risky. A recent report claims that in extremely rare cases HTV can even be contracted through kissing if you have gum disease. Q There are thousands of AIDS survivors (epidemiologists call them long-term nonprogressors) who are free from all symptoms and lead absolutely normal lives years after being identified as HIV-positive. |
Doug Dollemore, Mark Giuliucci and the Editors of Men's Health Magazine
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 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
If every American who has a sexually transmitted disease moved to Canada, it would more than double the population of our northern neighbor. About 40 million Americans have sexually transmitted diseases, or STDs. Each year, there are 12 million new cases of STDs—that's 33,000 a day.
"We have a tremendous epidemic on our hands," says Peggy Clarke, president of the American Social Health Association in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), sexually transmitted chlamydia infection accounts for the bulk of the sexually transmitted disease (STD) epidemic in the United States. Chlamydia trachomatis is believed to be twice as common as gonorrhea. This infection can be transmitted or contracted during anal, oral, or vaginal sex with an infected partner. Each year, more than 3 million new cases are diagnosed and an estimated 50,000 women are rendered sterile by the disease. |
| See also sexually transmitted disease (std) in Part Two. CHOLESTEROL PROBLEMS
See high cholesterol.
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is not a disease as such, but a characteristic and complex array of symptoms that may mimic other illnesses. The symptoms of this syndrome resemble those of flu and other viral infections, so it is often mistaken for other disorders. In fact, it is often misdiagnosed as hypochondria, psychosomatic illness, or depression because routine medical tests do not detect any problems. |
| See also cold sores; sexually transmitted disease; and shingles in Part Two.
HERPES ZOSTER
See shingles. See also under eye problems. HIATAL HERNIA
See under heartburn/gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd).
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE (HYPERTENSION)
When the heart pumps blood through the arteries, the blood presses against the walls of the blood vessels. In people who suffer from hypertension, this pressure is abnormally high. If blood pressure is elevated, the heart must work harder to pump an adequate amount of blood to all the tissues of the body. |
James F. Balch, M.D. and Mark Stengler, N.D.
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 This is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a one-celled microorganism called Trichomonas vaginalis. Symptoms include a foul-smelling, yellowish-green vaginal discharge and itching. Symptoms worsen during menstruation. This section focuses on yeast-related vaginitis. It is important to see your doctor to discover the cause of your vaginitis, because certain infections can be quite serious.
Women who experience chronic yeast infections often have a common history of being on repeated courses of antibiotics. |
Frederic Vagnini, M.D. and Barry Fox, Ph.D.
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 Taken as a pill or suppository or administered intravenously, metronidazole is used to treat all of these diseases:
• Trichomoniasis: A sexually transmitted disease caused by a parasite, it can trigger a yellow-green, frothy discharge from the vagina.
• Amebiasis: Caused by a single-celled parasite called Entamoeba histolytica, it may trigger no symptoms, or it may leave you with diarrhea, bowel gas, abdominal pain and cramps, or a fever. If the infection becomes chronic, anemia and emaciation can result. |
Jacky Law
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| That cervical cancer is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) has been known for decades in the medical community, but the virus responsible is not tested for at STD clinics because infection does not always lead to cancer. The public only became generally aware that cervical cancer is caused by an infection when vaccines against the disease became available earlier this decade.
Ewald is convinced the money spent investigating germs is well spent. |
Bruce Fife and Jon J. Kabara
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 Infectious illnesses like tuberculosis, pneumonia, and sexually transmitted disease, which were considered conquered through the use of antibiotics, have made a frightening comeback. Infectious diseases are now the third leading killer of Americans, behind cancer and heart disease, and are becoming a global threat. The world's population has never been more vulnerable to emerging and reemerging infections, wrote Dr. Joshua Lederberg, a Nobel prize winner for research in the genetic structure of microbes, in an editorial in the Journal of the American Medical Association. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
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 Although rare in young men, cystitis can occur in men as a result of urethral obstruction from a prior infection of a sexually transmitted disease or from a congenital defect of the urethra requiring surgical correction.
Upper UTIs are infections that involve kidneys (pyelonephritis), ureters (ureteritis), or both. Upper UTIs can occur in both men and women as a complication of a lower UTI. Upper UTIs can also arise without lower urinary tract involvement. The latter may occur in younger women or men as a result of an obstruction somewhere in the urinary tract. |
Kathi Keville
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 If there's any chance you've picked up a sexually transmitted disease, be sure to get checked by your doctor. Sexually transmitted diseases require professional help.
That doesn't mean, however, that herbs can't help. Take Bill, for example. After getting an irritating rash on his genitals, Bill decided that he would try herbs to cure it. He read one of the very few books on male herbs—Male Herbalism, written by my good friend Jim Green. In this book, Jim describes using herbs in an herbal soak. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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| Body aches
Arthritis; infection; influenza; lupus; Lyme disease; overexertion.
Body odor
Constipation; diabetes; excess toxins; gastrointestinal abnormalities; indigestion; infection; liver dysfunction; poor hygiene.
Breast lumps
Boils; cancer; cysts; fibrocystic disease; injury; infected milk duct; infected sweat gland or lymph node; premenstrual syndrome. |
Earl L. Mindell, RPh, PhD with Virginia Hopkins, MA
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| We don't know where cold sores and genital herpes originated, but we do know that genital herpes is a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease. Some researchers have implicated cold sores with Bell's Palsy, which causes facial paralysis.
Having oral sex with a partner who has a cold sore on the lips can also cause a genital herpes outbreak, and vice versa. No herpes virus ever completely goes away that we know of; it just retreats back into the nerves.
Genital herpes is a virtual epidemic among the baby boomers, affecting an estimated 20 million people. |
David Hoffman, FNIMH, AHG
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 When the abnormal discharge is caused by a sexually transmitted disease, the sexual partner(s) may require treatment as well.
Good hygiene can help prevent some of the causes of abnormal discharge, and help treat it if it occurs. A moist environment encourages the growth of yeast bacteria, so it is important to keep the area around the vulva dry. The woman should wear cotton underpants and avoid panty hose. |
Zorba Paster, M.D. and Susan Meltsner
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 Booster 13: Get Your Muscles Moving
þ I do not always take precautions to avoid contracting a sexually transmitted disease.
Booster 2: Don't Overdo Alcohol
Booster 20: Have Safer Sex to Stop Sexually Transmitted Diseases Booster 21: Have Pap Tests to Screen for Cervical Cancer
þ I have high blood pressure—higher than 130/85. |
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