Mark Sircus
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 This may decrease your risk of developing endometrial cancer, but may increase your risk of developing certain other health problems, including breast cancer."6
Concerns about safety and effectiveness are causing a retreat from the blanket use of HRT. An estimated 30%-45% of women who receive prescriptions for HRT will not have their prescriptions filled or will discontinue therapy within 12 months of initiation. |
John J. Ratey, MD
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 A failure of these underlying connections explains why people who are obese are twice as likely to suffer from dementia, and why those with heart disease are at far greater risk of developing Alzheimer's, the most common form of dementia. Statistically, having diabetes gives you a 65 percent higher risk of developing dementia, and high cholesterol increases the risk 43 percent. We've had the medical proof that exercise protects against these diseases for decades, yet, according to the CDC, about a third of the population over sixty-five reports that they engage in no leisure-time activity. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 Among overweight women, the risk of developing the disease was significantly greater among those with lower intakes of magnesium.
The Iowa Women's Study followed 40,000 women for more than six years and also examined the relationship between diabetes and magnesium. The findings suggest that a greater intake of whole grains, dietary fiber, and yes, magnesium, decreased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in older women.
And a number of studies have looked at the potential benefits of magnesium supplements for helping to control type 2 diabetes. |
Mark Sircus
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| This may decrease your risk of developing endometrial cancer, but may increase your risk of developing certain other health problems, including breast cancer."6
Concerns about safety and effectiveness are causing a retreat from the blanket use of HRT. An estimated 30%-45% of women who receive prescriptions for HRT will not have their prescriptions filled or will discontinue therapy within 12 months of initiation. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 Using the blood samples of a new, larger cohort of three hundred army personnel who developed lupus, they hope to detect the precise pattern of autoantibodies and ferret out the difference between patterns that are surefire predictors of the disease versus configurations of autoantibodies that don't necessarily mean you're at risk of developing lupus at all.
Similar research is going on in other diseases as well, such as rheumatoid arthritis. In a 2004 study, researchers looked at blood donors who later developed rheumatoid arthritis. |
| One startling study bears this out all too starkly: parents who have suffered the loss of a child are 50 percent more likely to develop multiple sclerosis than parents who've never lost a child—and the risk of developing MS spikes highest among those parents who lost a child unexpectedly.
What happens in our immune systems to cause this cellular cascade where psychological stress can lead to a malfunctioning immune system? When we are stressed, our adrenal glands produce several hormones, including adrenaline and Cortisol. |
| Even stressful events that happened in our childhood can take a costly long-term toll on our health: people who experience significant traumas as children have an increased risk of developing immune-system problems as adults, including lowered white blood cell counts and elevated biomarkers of inflammation. Likewise, stressful events as adults—getting divorced, being physically assaulted, losing a job—take a toll on physical health even many years after the fact. |
| One provocative investigation looked at forty-two thousand people to determine why those born in the month of May have a 13 percent increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (while being born in November carries a 19 percent decreased risk). The study concluded that the mother's exposure to the sun—which directly affects a pregnant woman's vitamin D levels and therefore that of her fetus—may influence the immune system even in the womb. Vitamin D occurs naturally in fish, but is most efficiently produced in the body by exposure to sunlight. |
Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| Eliminates built-up toxins and rids the intestinal walls of toxic material, thereby reducing the chances of polyps becoming malignant
• Decreases the size of polyps, which reduces the risk of developing colon cancer
• Helps balance intestinal pH levels, reducing the acidic environment that promotes cancer development
• Prevents chronic fermentation in the bowels, reducing the levels of glucose. Glucose (especially refined sugar) is the main source of food for cancerous tissue growth
CHAPTER FOUR
HOW HEALTHY IS YOUR COLON? |
Craig Pepin-Donat
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 But consider how obesity, coupled with physical inactivity, dramatically increases the risk of developing heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, stroke, gallbladder disease, sleep apnea and various types of cancers.3
As was the case with my father who drank, smoked and ate poorly for years until one of the arteries in his leg clogged and threatened his life, few take the potential of disease seriously until diagnosed with one. Will you wait to make the same ill-fated choice or will you change your mindset and lifestyle to improve your quality of life today? |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| In one study, women consuming an average of 1,283 mg of calcium a day from foods had about a 30 percent lower risk of developing PMS compared to women consuming much less (529 mg). A more recent study, in the Archives of Internal Medicine, saw a 40 percent lower risk of PMS developing in women with high intakes of vitamin D and calcium. Considering all the other great things vitamin D does—such as its role in cancer prevention and bone health—and considering that most of us get far too little of it, vitamin D supplements are a good idea. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| Researchers believe that our genes determine roughly 30 percent of one's risk of developing autoimmunity, with the remaining risk being attributable to environmental factors. All of the twenty thousand genes that scientists (at latest count) believe we are born with are encoded in our DNA from the moment of conception. Our cells read these genes in order to build proteins in our bodies. Proteins carry out the various cellular processes that make our bodily systems function. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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 In another study, beta-carotene supplementation was ineffective in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in a 12-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The incidence of type 2 diabetes was not significantly different: 396 men in the beta-carotene group and 402 men in the placebo group developed type 2 diabetes. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, and other variables (Liu et al 1999).
Immune Function
Studies of beta-carotene's effects on immune function have yielded conflicting results. |
| Diabetes, Type 2
A retrospective 5-year cohort study in 6,277 men and 10, 686 women from 25 communities in Japan was done to examine the relationship between consumption of tea (Green Tea, black tea, and oolong tea) and risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The participants were 40 to 65 years old and healthy at study start. |
| MODERATE RISK
Carbidopa: Concurrent use may result in an increased risk of developing scleroderma-like illness in susceptible individuals. Clinical Management: Patients taking 5-HTP and carbidopa concomitantly should be monitored for signs of skin changes, which may manifest as edema, tightness, and/or a burning sensation.
Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Concurrent use may result in an increased risk of serotonin syndrome (hypertension, hyperthermia, myoclonus, mental status changes). Clinical Management: Caution is advised if therapy with an MAOI is initiated with 5-HTP. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| For example, while prostate health depends on adequate zinc levels, one study indicated that men who supplement with 100 mg of zinc or more a day have more than twice the risk of developing prostate cancer. We don't know why, though some nutritionists, like my associate Suzanne Copp, M.S., think that it might have to do with a copper deficiency that can be created by taking too much zinc. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| In an earlier study by the Children's Cancer Study Group, data demonstrated that the risk of developing ANLL increased 10-fold among children whose mothers use marijuana during gestation (Briggs et al, 1998).
Motor Impairment: Driving ability can be disturbed for as long as 8 hours. Although only rarely reported, acute poisoning symptoms include nausea, vomiting, tear flow, hacking cough, disturbance of cardiac function and numbness of the limbs. Despite its widespread use as a recreational drug, instances of death are very rare. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| Patient studies show that higher intake of nitrates and nitrites is associated with a higher risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Grocery-store chicken comes to us having been raised on feed laced not only with hormones and antibiotics but chemical dyes to give the meat a more attractive hue. Indeed, today farmers can select from fifteen different shades of yellow dyes, in a range from light yellow to bright orange, to add to chicken feed in order to make egg yolks the perfect color. Known as tartrazine, or FD&C yellow no. |
Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| Long-term consumption of three or more ounces of processed or "mystery" meat a day (such as hot dogs) increased the risk of developing colon cancer by a whopping 50 percent!
Hormones are naturally occurring chemical messengers produced by all _ plant and animal species to regulate growth. Synthetic hormone technology is applied to cattle farming to increase meat content and milk production. According to the Sierra Club of Canada, "Hormones are widely used in US agriculture: over 90% of US cattle producers use hor-h mone implants or add them to feed [termed fodder]. |
| Eliminates built up toxins and cleanses the intestinal walls of toxic material, reducing the chances of polyps developing
• Decreases transit time, which minimizes the constant irritation to the intestinal lining
• Reduces the size of polyps, which reduces their risk of developing into colon cancer
• Helps eliminate Candida and fungi suspected of initiating polyp growth
Colon Cancer: What Is It?
Colon cancer (or colorectal cancer) is one of the most common cancers in the United States and is spreading around the world at an alarming rate. |
| An even more alarming study published in the American Journal of Public Health estimates a 95% risk of developing cancer from regular consumption of chlorinated tap water!83
It's simply ridiculous to continue chlorinating water for consumer use. This toxic substance penetrates the body's critical systems whether you are taking a bath, relaxing in a hot tub, drinking a glass of water, or having fun in a backyard pool.
Did You Know?
In the 1984 Summer Olympics, European swim teams refused to compete until chlorination procedures were halted. |
Michael Friedman, ND
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 Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate and the risk of developing bladder cancer. Cancer Res 1991;51(5):1366-69.
109. Gordon GB, Helzlsouer KJ, Alberg AJ, Comstock GW. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and the risk of developing gastric cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1993;2(l):33-35.
110. Stahl H, Schnorr D, Pilz C, Dorner G. Dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) levels in patients with prostatic cancer, heart diseases and under surgery stress. Exp Clin Endocrin 1992;99:68-70.
111. |
| Relationship of prediagnostic serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate to the risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer. Cancer Res 1992;52:1-4.
11. Gordon GB, et al. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate and the risk of developing bladder cancer. Cancer Res 1991;51:1366-69.
12. Blauer KL, et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone antagonizes the suppressive effects of dexamethasone on lymphocyte proliferation. Endocrinology 1991;129:3174-79.
13. May M, et al. Protection from glucocorticoid induced thymic involution by dehydroepiandrosterone. |
Dr. Abram Hoffer, MD, FRCP (C) and Dr. Harold D. Foster, PhD
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 There appears to be a statistically significant link between a low dietary intake of niacin and a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. M.C. Morris and coworkers, for example, conducted a prospective study of the niacin intake of 6,158 Chicago residents 65 years of age or older.11 This established that the lower the daily intake of niacin, the greater the risk of becoming an Alzheimer's disease patient. |
| Olanzapine, for example, increases the risk of developing diabetes melli-tus and, as a result, schizophrenic patients using it become diabetic. Which is the more acceptable risk to patients, preventing them from becoming normal and allowing them to become diabetic, or taking then off olanzapine when they are well without it and increasing their risk of relapsing, especially when they can be easily treated for schizophrenia again?
In Canada, enforced medication is now enshrined in law. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 It appears to double a woman's risk of developing placental problems,124 including placenta previa (a low-lying placenta that covers part or all of the opening of the uterus), placental abruption (the placenta peels partially or completely away from the uterine wall prior to delivery), and premature rupture of the membranes. Cigarette smoking is known to cause lower birth weight and size; mothers who smoke 13 or more high-tar cigarettes a day have smaller babies in poorer condition than those of nonsmoking mothers. |
| Women who undergo a bilateral oophorectomy have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis, coronary artery disease, and/or atrophy of the genital area at a younger age. Probably the most dramatic entry into menopause is to have both ovaries removed.
From 1994 through 1999, an estimated 3,525,237 hysterectomies were performed among U.S. women aged 15 years or older.4 During this time, the overall hysterectomy rate for U.S. women was 5.5 per 1,000 women. The hysterectomy rates for women living in the South (6.5 per 1,000) is significantly higher than those in the Northeast (4.3) or West (4.8 |
| Several studies concluded that Asian women who consume a traditional low-fat, high-soy diet have a four- to sixfold lower risk of developing breast cancer.33 The constituents in soy are remarkable in their activities against a variety of cancers via several different mechanisms. Dietary phytoestrogens also inhibit cancer cell growth by competing with estradiol for the type II estrogen binding sites.34 Even more convincing evidence for the breast cancer protection benefit of soy comes from animal studies. |
| The women themselves are at risk of developing the complications of hypertension, such as renal disease. Labor is sometimes induced at term— 38 weeks or so—to lighten the load on mother and baby.
Preeclampsia is a different hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. It is most often a mild disease, characterized by the development of hypertension toward the end of pregnancy. At its worst, it can cause seizures or eclampsia and significant hematological abnormalities, including loss of the ability to clot blood. Kidney failure can occur. |
| A recent retrospective study of over 500 women with endometriosis concluded that there was a significant decrease in risk of developing endometriosis with a greater consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruit, and an increase in risk was associated with high intake of beef and other red meat.55
Foods high in fiber are associated with optimal transit time in the intestines and an optimal balance of friendly microorganisms within the large intestine.56 These microorganisms, better known as gut flora, crowd out the other types of flora that play a role in metabolizing estrogen. |
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