Mark Sircus
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 Patients with (severe) retinopathy have a lower plasma magnesium level compared to patients without retinopathy and a prospective study has shown the plasma magnesium level to be inversely related to occurrence or progression of retinopathy. Further study on magnesium (supplementation) is warranted in the prevention of type 2 and of (progression of) retinopathy as well as a means to reduce high blood pressure. Magnesium in Diabetes Mellitus; de Valk HW. Neth J Med. 1999 Apr;54(4): 139-46. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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 LITERATURE
Adamek B, Drozdzik M, Samochowiec L, Wojcicki J, Clinical effect of buckwheat herb, Ruscus extract and troxerutin on retinopathy and lipids in diabetic patients. In: Phytotherapy Res 10(8):659-662. 1996.
Anonym, Nicht-Brotgetreidearten: Alternative Korner unter der Lupe. In: DAZ 136(38):3229-2330. 1996.
Bassler R, PA 12:758-772 et 834-841. 1985.
Couch JF, Naghski J, Krewson CF, Science 103:197-198. 1974.
Gaidies I, Buchweizen, eine Venenhilfe. In: PTA 6(7):439. 1992.
Hagels H et al, Two anthraquinones and a bianthraquinone from Fagopyrum tataricum. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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 Low levels of magnesium have been associated with hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, retinopathy, and insulin resistance [107-109]. Magnesium depletion in a few studies has been shown to result in insulin resistance as well as impaired insulin secretion and thereby may worsen control of diabetes [109]. Nadler and colleagues [110] conducted a magnesium depletion study. Men were fed 12 mg magnesium daily for 3 weeks. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests performed at the beginning and end of the 3-week period revealed a significant increase in insulin sensitivity. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
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 It also has been found to protect against diabetic complications (neuropathy, retinopathy, kidney damage), and to lengthen lifespan in overweight people with type 2 diabetes.
Side effects: Gastrointestinal side effects are common with metformin.
If
A high percentage of those who take it experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. To reduce the likelihood of these unpleasant side effects, start with low doses and gradually work up to higher doses.
Nutrients depleted: Metformin depletes vitamin B12 and folate, also known as folic acid. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| Diabetic retinopathy has been linked to abnormally increased synthesis of connective tissue. One study in diabetic patients using radio labeled amino acids demonstrated a significant decrease in biosynthesis activity, especially polymeric collagen after 2 months of 600 milligrams of anthocyanosides/day. Low luminance visual acuity was evaluated in diabetic patients with retinal pathologies. Retinal function was improved after administration of anthocyanoside-purified extract (Forte, 1996). |
| A Bilberry anthocyanoside preparation (Tegens 160 mg/cap-sule) given twice a day for 12 months significantly improved retinal condition in a placebo-controlled trial of 40 patients with retinopathy in its initial stages. Improvement was seen in 50% of the treatment group as compared with 20% of controls; 30% remained unchanged in the treatment group and 20% of the group got worse as compared to the control group, in which 45% were unchanged and 35% got worse (Repossi et al, 1987).
Twelve diabetic patients were treated with 600 mg anthocya-nosides/day for 2 months. |
Too Profitable to CureBrent Hoadley, Ph.D.
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| Aventis Pharmaceuticals, in a press release for the new product Lantus, stated: Safety Information:
Human insulin therapy may be associated with hypoglycemia, worsening of diabetic retinopathy [non-inflammatory disorders of the retina], lipodystrophy [changes in fat metabolism], skin reactions (such as injection site reaction, pruritus [itching], and rash) allergic reactions, sodium retention, and edema [swelling due to fluid accumulation]. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
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 When glycosylation occurs in the tiny blood vessels in the back of the eye, they become fragile and leaky, and bleeding can occur in a condition called diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness.
Figure F.Z Sugar Free (Mycosylation happens when sugar molecules floating around in blood attach to protein molecules on the surface of cells—causing those molecules to lose some of their function. Instead of helping cells to communicate with the surrounding world, the protein becomes a bad influence, and the cells stop behaving as team players in your body.
Figure f. |
Dr. Vern Cherewatenko and Paul Perry
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 The two major types of retinopathy are nonproliferative, sometimes called background retinopathy, and proliferative retinopathy. In the former, vessels in the eye close off or weaken and leak blood, fluid, and fat into the eye, blurring vision. This blurred vision can cause blindness if the leaking occurs in the area of the retina near the optic nerve.
Less common, proliferative retinopathy occurs when new blood vessels grow in the retina. These new vessels grow differendy than the original ones, rupturing easily. These ruptures are especially common if you also have high blood pressure. |
Bottom Line Health
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| Potential side effects include nausea and decreased appetite and, in rare cases, retinopathy, a disorder of the retina that results in vision impairment. If you take this drug, you should have regular eye exams.
»Sulfasalazine(Azu\hdme). This medication, often used for mild symptoms or in combination with other drugs for severe symptoms, can cause stomach upset, headache and, in some cases, a decrease in disease-fighting white blood cells.
*To find a rheumatologist in your area, contact the American College of Rheumatology (404-633-3777, www. rheumatology.org). |
Ray D. Strand
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 Magnesium deficit has been associated with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as an increased risk of retinopathy in diabetic patients. Studies show that when this deficiency is corrected in the elderly, insulin function improves significantly."1
Unfortunately, diagnosing magnesium deficiency is very difficult. Typically, serum magnesium levels are tested where only a trace amount of the body's total magnesium is located. Cellular levels of magnesium are much more sensitive and accurate; however, these can be tested only in research labs, not in hospitals. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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| Vitamin A deficiency may aggravate retinopathy; deficiencies of vitamins E and Bi2 may cause peripheral neuropathy; iron and folic acid deficiencies may lead to complications of fertility and pregnancy; and vitamin D can complicate dental disease, limit joint mobility, and cause osteopenia and osteoporosis. There is also an increased incidence of other autoimmune diseases in type 1 diabetics who have "silent" celiac disease [111, 112]. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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| LITERATURE
Adamek B, Drozdzik M, Samochowiec L, Wojcicki J, Clinical effect of buckwheat herb, Ruscus extract and troxerutin on retinopathy and lipids in diabetic patients. In: Phytotherapy Res 10(8):659-662. 1996.
Bombardelli E et al., (1972) Fitoterapia 43:3.
Dunaouau CH et al., Triterpenes and sterols from Ruscus aculeatus. In: PM 62(2): 189-190. 1997.
Rauwald HW, Janfien B, Desglucoruscin and Desglucoruscosid als Leitstoffe des Ruscus-aculeatus-Wurzelstock. Analytische Kennzeichnung mittel HPLC und DC. In: PZW 133(l):61-68. 1988. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| Ophthalmoscopic examination and descriptions of the fluoroangiographic investigation of patients with diabetic or hypertensive vascular retinopathy was performed in a double-blind, randomized, controlled study with specific exclusion criteria. Patients were given one capsule of Tegens®, containing 160 mg of Bilberry anthocyanosides, 2 times daily for approximately 1 month. Seventy-nine percent demonstrated retinal improvement. |
| Adamek B, Drozdzik M, Samochowiec L, Wojcicki J, Clinical effect of buckwheat herb, Ruscus extract and troxerutin on retinopathy and lipids in diabetic patients. In: Phytotherapy Res 10(8):659-662. 1996.
Dunaouau CH et al., Triterpenes and sterols from Ruscus aculeatus. In: PM 62(2):189-190. 1997.
Landa N, Aguirre A, Goday J, Raton JA, Diaz-Perez JL. Allergic contact dermatitis from a vasoconstrictor cream. Contact Dermatitis 22:290-291. 1990.
Maffei Facino R, Carini M, Stefani R, Aldini G, Saibene L. |
| Adamek B, Drozdzik M, Samochowiec L, Wojcicki J, Clinical effect of buckwheat herb, Ruscus extract and troxerutin on retinopathy and lipids in diabetic patients. In: Phytotherapy Res 10(8):659-662. 1996.
Anonym, Nicht-Brotgetreidearten: Alternative Korner unter der Lupe. In: DAZ 136(38):3229-2330. 1996.
Bassler R, PA 12:758-772 et 834-841. 1985.
Couch JF, Naghski J, Krewson CF, Science 103:197-198. 1974.
Gaidies I, Buchweizen, eine Venenhilfe. In: PTA 6(7):439. 1992.
Hagels H et al., Two anthraquinones and a bianthraquinone from Fagopyrum tataricum. |
Steven V. Joyal
See book keywords and concepts |
 Glycotoxins are especially harmful to people with diabetes, as these toxic molecules are associated with retinopathy (glycotoxins accumulate in the retinal blood vessels), neuropathy (they accumulate in peripheral nerves, resulting in nerve damage), kidney failure (they are found in kidney tissue), heart disease, and blood vessel disease. The use of antiglycotoxin agents or inhibitors, such as aminoguanidine, has been studied in the hope of preventing or reversing diabetic complications triggered by high levels of glycation/glycotoxins. We discuss these and other measures in chapter 8. |
James A. Duke, Ph.D.
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 Diabetic Retinopathy: Save Your Sight with Beans
The word retinopathy refers to the deterioration of the retina, the nerve-rich area in the back of the eye. Diabetic retinopathy gradually but progressively impairs vision. It's also a major cause of adult blindness.
Diabetic retinopathy occurs when blood vessels that nourish your eye become gummed up, reducing bloodflow to the retina. Your body responds to the loss of bloodflow by growing new blood vessels around the retina. But these capillaries are so weak and fragile that they leak. Their hemorrhaging worsens vision problems. |
Andreas Moritz
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 In addition to these symptoms, impotence, retinopathy, renal failure, liver failure, polycystic ovary syndrome, elevated blood sugar, systemic Candida, poor wound healing, peripheral neuropathy, etc., have since been turned into separate diseases, requiring specialized treatments and specialists to administer them. Although this may greatly serve the medical and pharmaceutical industries, it causes untold suffering and costs many lives.
Diabetes afflicts over 8 percent of the American population. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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 In this study, the sorbinil treatment totally blocked the progression of retinopathy.
DIMNESS OR LOSS OF VISION
Many different conditions can lead to a dimming or loss of vision. Among the most common are cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa are less common, but do occur with some frequency. There are others as well:
• Retinal detachment. This causes a loss of vision often compared to having a curtain drawn across one's field of vision. |
| The incidence of blindness from diabetic retinopathy has dropped with the use of laser surgery. If people in the later stages of retinopathy are left untreated, almost 50 percent lose their sight within five years. Of those who receive laser treatment, only 5 percent lose their sight. Persons with diabetes should get annual retinal examinations to check on their condition.
Q Diabetic nephropathy (damage to the kidneys caused by diabetes) is quite common, but is becoming less so as people recognize the necessity of maintaining a stable blood sugar level. |
Ralph W. Moss, Ph.D.
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 Gold dust retinopathy after the ingestion of canthaxanthine to produce skin-bronzing. Med J Aust.1985; 143:622-3.
11. Bopp S, et al. [Canthaxanthin retinopathy and macular pucker]. J Fr
Ophtalmol.l989;12:891-6.
12. Harnois C, et al. Static perimetry in canthaxanthin maculopathy. Arch Ophthalmol.l988;106:58-60.
13. Harnois C, et al. Canthaxanthin retinopathy. Anatomic and functional reversibility. Arch Ophthalmol.l989;107:538-40.
14. Nijman NM, et al. [Canthaxanthin retinopathy]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd.l989;194:48-51.
15. Arden GB, et al. |
Ray D. Strand
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| Other studies have revealed that oxidative stress was more significant in those with secondary complications of diabetes, such as retinopathy (damage caused by diabetes to the blood vessels in the back of the eye that can lead to blindness) or cardiovascular disease. The researchers conducting these studies concluded that antioxidant supplements should be added to the traditional diabetic treatments as a way to help reduce these complications.12
Several studies have shown that all antioxidants may improve insulin resistance. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| Contribution to the study of procyanidolic oligomers: Endotelon in diabetic retinopathy. Gaz Med France; 89(30):3610-3614. 1982.
Bagchi D; Garg A; Krohn RL et al. Oxygen free radical scavenging abilities of vitamins C and E, and a Grape Seed proanthocyanidin extract in vitro. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol Feb;95(2): 179-89. 1997.
Bagchi D, Garg A, Krohn RL et al. Protective effect of Grape Seed proanthocyanidins and selected antioxidants against TPA-induced hepatic and brain lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation, and peritoneal macrophage activation in mice. Gen Pharmacol; 30(5):771-776. |
Gabriel Cousens
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 The theory needs to include the process of inflammation advancing to fibrosis, which seems to be somewhat reversed by proteolytic enzymes, which also minimize and reverse the degenerative process of heart disease, kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy that are the long-term complications of diabetes.
We are looking for a comprehensive understanding that can cut through the complexity of diabetes. The unifying theory and healing approach of the Tree of Life 21-Day+ Program is based on the following principle:
What we eat and how we live speaks to our genes. |
| Research shows, as we saw with the Pima Indians data on retinopathy, that HgbAlc levels of 6.0 or less is where complications are minimized and eliminated most significantly. It is estimated that for every 1 percent drop in HgbAlc levels, the reduced risk of long-term diabetic complications is as much as 37 percent.
FRUCTOSAMINE
While the HgbAlc test measures blood glucose over the last three or four months, the fructosamine test gives an indication of glucose control over the past month. Fructosamine is a term referring to the linking of blood sugar onto protein molecules in the bloodstream. |
| Roberts, a diabetes specialist, a member of the ADA, and an authority on artificial sweeteners, aspartame leads to the creation of clinical diabetes, causes poorer diabetic control in diabetics on insulin or oral drugs, causes convulsions, and leads to the aggravation of diabetic complications such as retinopathy, cataracts, neuropathy, and gastropare-sis. Dr. Roberts found "... |
| If you look at retinopathy, everything's fine, until one point where the rate starts to increase, and that is a HgbAlc of 6 percent, a fasting blood sugar of 110 mg/dL, and a 2-hour value of 154 mg/dL. Is this unique to the NHANES data? Well, if you look at Pima Indians and Egyptian studies you see the exact same thing. When your HgbAlc goes above the normal range, you start to develop complications. |
Mark Sircus
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| Further study on magnesium (supplementation) is warranted in the prevention of type 2 and of (progression of) retinopathy as well as a means to reduce high blood pressure. Magnesium in Diabetes Mellitus; de Valk HW. Neth J Med. 1999 Apr;54(4): 139-46.
6 Lower serum magnesium levels are associated with more rapid decline of renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.Clin Nephrol. 2005 Jun;63(6):429-36. PMID: 15960144
7 Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a dangerous condition that can cause you to lose consciousness. If untreated, it can be fatal. |
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