Andreas Moritz
See book keywords and concepts |  Niacin is supposed to safeguard us against diarrhea, dementia and the skin disease pellagra. pellagra is more widespread among people who eat maize, though not everyone who eats maize gets pellagra. pellagra was found to be caused by food poisoning through spoiled maize. The poison involved has been identified as T2-toxine and is known to disturb niacin metabolism, thus producing pellagra. Besides the great importance given to taking extra niacin today, this substance, just like vitamin D, is not really a vitamin at all since it can be produced by the body. |
Mike Adams
See book keywords and concepts | | Characterized as the disease of the "three Ds, "pellagra causes its victims to experience dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. The fourth D was death. As described previously, the classic B3 deficiency occurs mainly in cultures whose diets rely heavily on corn and where the corn is not prepared in a way that releases its niacin. One of the first signs of pellagra, or niacin deficiency, is the skin's sensitivity to light, and the skin becomes rough, thick, and dry (pellagra means "skin that is rough" in Italian). |
Ray D. Strand
See book keywords and concepts |  These are diseases like scurvy (deficiency of vitamin C), rickets (deficiency of vitamin D), and pellagra (deficiency of niacin). In other words if you consumed the RDAs for vitamin C, vitamin D, and niacin, you would not develop any of these illnesses.
Admittedly, the recommended daily allowances have done their job. In my three decades of clinical practice, I have never seen one of these diseases. They still occur, but they are rare. In fact the Center for Disease Control does not even track these diseases anymore. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
See article keywords and concepts |  Conventional medicine still hasn't even accepted the idea that the human body has any real nutritional needs whatsoever (except, perhaps, for basic synthetic vitamins to prevent rickets and pellagra). Medical doctors still aren't taught nutrition in med school, and the whole raw foods movement is only starting to gain mainstream momentum. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
See article keywords and concepts |  Public Health Office, produces pellagra, a debilitating disease that affects the central nervous system, in 12 Mississippi inmates to try to find a cure for the disease. One test subject later says that he had been through "a thousand hells." In 1935, after millions die from the disease, the director of the U.S Public Health Office would finally admit that officials had known that it was caused by a niacin deficiency for some time, but did nothing about it because it mostly affected poor African-Americans. |
Bill Sardi
See book keywords and concepts |  Oddly, while it can be claimed that vitamin C prevents scurvy, vitamin D prevents rickets, vitamin Bl prevents beri beri, and vitamin B3/niacin prevent pellagra, the US Food & Drug Administration forbids food or vitamin companies from claiming that their vitamin K-rich products promote healthy blood clotting. [Federal Register 63: 34115-17, 1998]
Vitamin K is the cancer-destroying vitamin. It can virtually obliterate cancer cells, splitting them in half, especially in combination with vitamin C. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
See book keywords and concepts |  The vitamin B3 story began in the early part of the 20th century, when an old disease called pellagra made a resurgence in the southern United States. pellagra causes the "4Ds:" diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. The rapid rise in the number of pellagra cases was caused by refined corn meal.
You see, many Southemets lived on the "3M Diet," which consisted of meat (mostly fatback), molasses, and meal (cornmeal), but improvements in food refining and railroad ttansportation led to many Southerners dropping "whole" corn meal in favor of the refined version. |
Michael Pollan
See book keywords and concepts |  Similarly, corn in these countries is traditionally ground or soaked with limestone, which makes available a B vitamin in the corn, the absence of which would otherwise lead to the deficiency disease called pellagra. Very often when a society adopts a new food without the food culture surrounding it, as happened when corn first came to Europe, Africa, and Asia, people get sick. The context in which a food is eaten can be nearly as important as the food itself. |
Dr. Abram Hoffer, MD, FRCP (C) and Dr. Harold D. Foster, PhD
See book keywords and concepts |  In camp they suffered from classical scurvy, beriberi, pellagra, many infections, and from protein and calorie deficiency. They were rehabilitated in hospitals and were given doses of vitamins that were then considered high. Since then these Hong Kong veterans have suffered from a variety of physical and psychiatric conditions.' However, 'the history of a small sample, about 12, is much different, for they have been taking nicotinic acid (niacin) 3 grams per day. These 12 have recovered and remain well as long as they take this quantity of vitamin regularly. |
Dr. Steve Blake
See book keywords and concepts |  Cretinism.
(c) pellagra.
(d) The flu.
4. Selenium works in glutathione peroxidase to convert:
(a) Hydrogen peroxide to water.
(b) Superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.
(c) Thyroxine to triiodothyronine.
(d) Glucose to water.
5. Selenium is found in high levels in:
(a) Broccoli.
(b) Green beans.
(c) Brazil nuts.
(d) Strawberries.
6. Copper protects red blood cells against oxidation in:
(a) Vitamin C.
(b) Vitamin E.
(c) Glutathione peroxidase.
(d) Superoxide dismutase.
7. Manganese toxicity is:
(a) Rare.
(b) Somewhat common.
(c) Common.
(d) A widespread problem.
8. | | Niacin deficiency can cause:
(a) Blindness.
(b) pellagra.
(c) Beriberi.
(d) Scurvy.
8. Which B vitamin makes up a large part of coenzyme A?
(a) Pantothenic acid.
(b) Tryptophan.
(c) Thiamin.
(d) Biotin.
9. Coenzyme A is an important part of:
(a) Energy production.
(b) The TCA cycle.
(c) The Krebs cycle.
(d) All of the above.
10. When white flour is made from whole grains, what percentage of pantothenic acid is lost?
(a) 43 percent.
(b) 28 percent.
(c) 12 percent.
(d) 5 percent.
Which vitamin is extensively stored in muscle tissue?
(a) Niacin.
(b) Vitamin C. | | Severe lack of vitamin D can cause:
(a) Rickets.
(b) pellagra.
(c) Scurvy.
(d) Diphtheria.
39. Food sources of vitamin D include:
(a) Fruits and vegetables.
(b) Salmon and mackerel.
(c) Soybean oil.
(d) Pizza.
40. Gamma-tocopherol:
(a) Is the preferred form of vitamin E for protecting LDL.
(b) Is the most abundant form of vitamin E in the blood.
(c) Is the form of vitamin E found most abundantly in the American diet.
(d) Is the form of vitamin E that absorbs easily through skin.
41. When vitamin E becomes oxidized, it can be reactivated by:
(a) The ascorbate form of vitamin C. | | Thiamin deficiency can cause:
(a) Scurvy.
(b) pellagra.
(c) Beriberi.
(d) Blindness.
13. Riboflavin and folic acid can be destroyed by:
(a) Light.
(b) Cool temperatures.
(c) Bacteria and viruses.
(d) Microwave cooking.
14. Which vitamin turns the color of urine yellow?
(a) Thiamin.
(b) Riboflavin.
(c) Niacin.
(d) Pyridoxine.
15. Biotin deficiency is:
(a) Common.
(b) Uncommon.
(c) Rare.
(d) Very rare.
16. Adequate intake of pantothenic acid is set at:
(a) 1.2 mg.
(b) 1.2 meg.
(c) 1.2 g.
(d) 5 mg.
17. Excessive folic acid intake can mask a deficiency of:
(a) Cobalamin. | | Goiter.
(c) pellagra.
(d) All of the above.
93. Which is NOT a good source of iodine?
(a) Seaweed.
(b) Fish.
(c) Apples.
(d) Iodized salt.
94. Selenium is part of which important antioxidant enzyme?
(a) Superoxide dismutase.
(b) Cytochrome.
(c) Vitamin C.
(d) Glutathione peroxidase.
95. Manganese is used as an antioxidant in the:
(a) Mitochondria.
(b) Blood.
(c) Cell membranes.
(d) Brain.
96. Which form of chromium is toxic?
(a) Trivalent chromium.
(b) Chromium nicotinate.
(c) Hexavalent chromium.
(d) Chromium in yeast.
97. Chromium enhances the effect of:
(a) Thyroxine. |
Dr. Abram Hoffer, MD, FRCP (C) and Dr. Harold D. Foster, PhD
See book keywords and concepts | | In a more recent literature review, it was shown that in spite of fortification of flour with niacinamide, many people are deficient in vitamin B-3, even though they may not show obvious signs of pellagra. In Sweden, 15% of females were found to be deficient in vitamin B-3, while in the United States, 22% of the geriatric population were eating inadequate amounts. In such niacin deficient individuals, genes are more susceptible to DNA damage. In one study reviewed by Spronk and Kirkland, 40% of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were shown to be niacin deficient. | | Given the value of this vitamin in the treatment of pellagra and its very low toxicity, it was decided to begin some therapeutic trials using niacin and other nutrients to treat schizophrenia. Since the formation of adrenochrome involves an oxidation reaction, Hoffer and Osmond also decided to use high levels of an anti-oxidant to prevent its production. Ascorbic acid was the only anti-oxidant available at the time.
The first patient treated responded very positively. |
Michael Pollan
See book keywords and concepts | | Wherever these refining technologies came into widespread use, devastating epidemics of pellagra and beriberi soon followed. Both are diseases caused by deficiencies in the B vitamins that the germ had contributed to the diet. But the sudden absence from bread of several other micronutrients, as well as omega-3 fatty acids, probably also took its toll on public health, particularly among the urban poor of Europe, many of whom ate little but bread.
In the 1930s, with the discovery of vitamins, scientists figured out what had happened, and millers began fortifying refined grain with B vitamins. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Extreme vitamin B3 deficiency, called pellagra, causes psychosis and dementia. Less extreme deficiency can cause milder versions of these mental symptoms. Use non-flush version if desired (see page 70).
Dose: 40-100 mg daily.
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
Vitamin B5 is a catalyst, or helper, in making neurotransmitters and "fight or flight" hormones. A deficiency leads to fatigue, depression, and difficulty handling stress.
Dose: 100-500 mg daily. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B6 is a cofactor in turning the amino acid tryptophan into serotonin. |
Andreas Moritz
See book keywords and concepts | | The poison involved has been identified as T2-toxine and is known to disturb niacin metabolism, thus producing pellagra. Besides the great importance given to taking extra niacin today, this substance, just like vitamin D, is not really a vitamin at all since it can be produced by the body.
Nobody Knows How Much You Need
Governments and international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) frequently release figures that propose a Daily Ratio of Allowance (DRA) for every vitamin that you supposedly need to stay healthy. |
Dr. Abram Hoffer, MD, FRCP (C) and Dr. Harold D. Foster, PhD
See book keywords and concepts | | This was first recognized in the treatment of pellagra and schizophrenia.
In the early 1900s, one quarter of all spring-time admissions to mental hospitals in the southeastern United States were psychotic pellagrins who could not be distinguished from schizophrenics until they were given synthetic niacin. If they responded quickly to this vitamin, they were called pellagrins, and if they did not, they were termed schizophrenics. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | It is characterized by the "three Ds" of pellagra: dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea. The skin develops a cracked, scaly dermatitis; the brain does not function properly, leading to confusion and dementia; and diarrhea results from the impaired manufacture of the mucous lining of the gastrointestinal tract. pellagra is now known to be due to a severe deficiency of niacin and tryptophan. Although the RDA for niacin is based on caloric intake, an intake of at least 18 milligrams per day is recommended by most authorities. |
Mike Adams
See book keywords and concepts | | One of the first signs of pellagra, or niacin deficiency, is the skin's sensitivity to light, and the skin becomes rough, thick, and dry (pellagra means "skin that is rough" in Italian). The skin then becomes darkly pigmented, especially in areas of the body prone to be hot and sweaty or those exposed to sun. The first stage of this condition is extreme redness and sensitivity of those exposed areas, and it was from this symptom that the term "redneck," describing the bright red necks of eighteenth-and nineteenth-century niacin-deficient fieldworkers, came into being. | | For a long period of history, the niacin deficiency disease, pellagra, was a very serious and fatal problem. Characterized as the disease of the "three Ds, "pellagra causes its victims to experience dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. The fourth D was death. As described previously, the classic B3 deficiency occurs mainly in cultures whose diets rely heavily on corn and where the corn is not prepared in a way that releases its niacin. |
Dr. Abram Hoffer, MD, FRCP (C) and Dr. Harold D. Foster, PhD
See book keywords and concepts | | Vitamins were now recognized as essential for preventing classic deficiency diseases, such as scurvy, beriberi, pellagra, rickets, some forms of pernicious anemia, and so on. Studies of deficiency diseases were very useful in helping scientists isolate these elusive substances. By 1950, the current range of the vitamins had been discovered and their structures determined. They also had been synthesized and were commercially available.
This vitamins-as-prevention paradigm was based upon the belief that vitamins were needed only in very small doses to prevent deficiency diseases. | | If we were to add 100 mg of niacinamide to every person's diet, there would be a major decrease in the incidence of schizophrenia and many other diseases, including cardiovascular and
7 coronary disease, Huntington's and Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and senility, arthritis and certain addictions, stress disorders and various cancers, as well as the classic vitamin B-3 deficiency disease, pellagra.
There are two main forms of vitamin B-3, nicotinic acid, known medically as niacin, and nicotinamide, known medically as niacinamide. |
Dr. Steve Blake
See book keywords and concepts | | Deficiency disease: pellagra.
Healthy food sources: whole grains and nuts.
Degradation: heat resistant.
Coenzyme forms: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP).
Summary for Biotin
Main function: energy metabolism. Adequate Intake: men and women, 30 meg. No toxicity reported. Deficiency is very rare.
Healthy food sources: found in a wide variety of foods.
Degradation: uncooked egg whites bind biotin. Coenzyme forms: acetyl-CoA carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and propionyl-CoA carboxylase. |
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