Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| IV: Smog trapped over Los Angeles releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, thinning the protective ozone layer. An excess of ultraviolet B radiation is allowed through areas of the ozone layer that have become too thin. The ultraviolet B rays infiltrate the ocean and disrupt the phytoplankton's ability to produce oxygen. Moreover, some estimates state at least 100 acres of trees are cut down every minute. The loss of forestry further depletes oxygen levels and allows carbon dioxide levels to rise. |
Andreas Moritz
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 This theory is based on the assumption that our thinning ozone layer permits too much of the germicidal UV to penetrate to the surface of the earth and causes destruction of all kinds, including damage to our skin and eye cells. Yet the theory has major flaws and no scientific backing. Contrary to general belief, there is no evidence that reduction in the ozone layer, observed at the poles, has caused any increase in melanomas. |
| The germicidal frequency of UV is destroyed or is filtered out by the ozone layer in the Earth's stratosphere, and only small amounts—necessary to purify the air we breathe and the water we drink— actually reach the surface of the earth. To that effect, a study of Punta Arenas, the largest South American city close to the Antarctic ozone hole, showed no increase in health problems related to depleted ozone. In fact, UV measures were too small to have any noticeable effect. |
Mark Schapiro
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 Wirth served in the State Department in the 1980s, where he helped negotiate the Montreal Protocol, a global treaty aimed at protecting the ozone layer. That effort was led by the United States and established a model for trading pollution credits that is now being adapted by the EU and other signatories to the Kyoto accord to fight global warming—but without U.S. participation. American business has been left struggling to keep up with a multibil-lion dollar market steeped in the values of sustainable development.
The shrinking of U.S. leadership in environmental regulation is compelling U.S. |
David Steinman
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 Its
DIOS refrigerators use environmentally friendly refrigerants and blowing agents that do not harm the ozone layer depletion or contribute to global warming, and that also use compressor technologies to reduce power consumption by up to 40 percent. DIOS refrigerators were the first refrigerators to earn the Korean Environmental Declaration of Products (EDP) certification under which all environmental impacts during production must be disclosed to customers. Their new microwave ovens use less than one watt of power. |
Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| An excess of ultraviolet B radiation is allowed through areas of the ozone layer that have become too thin. The ultraviolet B rays infiltrate the ocean and disrupt the phytoplankton's ability to produce oxygen. Moreover, some estimates state at least 100 acres of trees are cut down every minute. The loss of forestry further depletes oxygen levels and allows carbon dioxide levels to rise.
Exposure to an excess of carbon dioxide prevents red blood cells in the lungs from extracting oxygen to deliver it to vital organs. |
Mark Schapiro
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| Those investments were in renewable energy like wind and solar power, energy-efficiency technologies, and updating old factories to eliminate emissions like hydrofluorocarbons, which contribute to erosion of the ozone layer. The market has become so lucrative for the Chinese that the country is expected to open its own carbon exchange in Beijing by the end of 2007. "China is facing a choice to either go one way on its environmental path or another," commented Yingling Liu, with the World Resources Institute's China Watch project. "The choices are now being made.... |
Dan Buettner
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 But I thought staying out in the sun too long gave you cancer, especially with all these changes in the ozone layer," I said.
"Sure, if you burn easily and don't get much sun in the first place," Greg rejoined, still whispering. "It's different now than it was for our parents—you don't want to go out and fry yourself. Burns are bad but staying inside being afraid of the sun isn't healthy either."
"Someone like Gozei," Greg continued, "who has a deep tan and is used to being outside all of the time, is optimizing her vitamin D. |
Brenda Watson and Leonard Smith
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 It can threaten the health of human beings, trees, lakes, crops, and animals, as well as damage the ozone layer and buildings. It also can cause haze, reducing visibility in national parks and wilderness areas. The substances that make up air pollution include gases such as sulfur dioxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide; particulate matter such as smoke, dust, fumes, and aerosols; pesticides, chemicals, toxic elements, radioactive materials, and several other substances. |
Dawson Church
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 When asked why we had an accident or a disease, or in the face of global climate change, we give many answers—faulty tools, faulty user, genetics, biochemical and anatomic mishaps, pollution, the shrinking ozone layer. Yet these are answers to the question how, not why. 'Why1 questions lead to a message. What is the message? What is spirit telling us through the language of our physical existence? How can we connect more fully to our physical existence and begin to hear God? The answers are within ourselves. We need only to ask, open up to the answers, and pay attention. |
Andreas Moritz
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| UVA is mainly responsible for the tanning response, UVB activates the synthesis of vitamin D which is crucial for the absorption of calcium and other minerals, while UVC, almost completely filtered out by the Earth's ozone layer, is germicidal and kills bacteria, viruses and other disease causing germs. amount of research done on skin cancers, there has been no indication that malignant melanoma has any links with UV exposure. But what is known for sure is that sunscreen not only fails to prevent skin cancer but, on the contrary, encourages it by amplifying UVA absorption. |
Peter h. Fraser and Harry Massey
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 Debate rages about the effects of the loss of the ozone layer and the output from high-power electrical transmission lines on health. Despite reams of studies, we are left with contradictory guidelines about the safety of cell phones, microwave ovens, computers, and other electronics that emit low-level electromagnetic or magnetic fields. We know even less about how the huge fields of energy that encompass Earth affect us. For example, we are only now beginning to explore how the electromagnetic fields that fill the ionosphere impact us. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
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 The ozone layer filters out the UVC and many of the UVB rays, but the ozone layer is not the same as it used to be and seems to have little or no effect on UVA rays which make up 90% or more of the sun's radiation that reaches the earth. Indeed, it is exposure to UVA that causes most of the photo-aging damage: the premature wrinkles, loss of elasticity, hyperpig-mentation, and a dry, dull, leathery texture.
UVB, which is most intense from 10 A.M.-2 P.M., can cause sunburns and basal-cell cancers of the skin as well as increase the risk of melanomas. |
Paula Begoun
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 While other human-made pollutants deplete the ozone in the upper atmosphere, emitting VOCs into the lower atmosphere produces an additional ozone layer that traps heat and ultraviolet radiation nearer to the earth's surface, adding to the levels of smog in cities caused by automobiles and other industrial pollution. California and New York have been the leaders in setting environmental standards for VOCs, and since 1998, they have not allowed the sale of any hairspray containing more than 55% VOC. No other state since has established such strict regulations. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
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| UV rays are categorized by wavelengths: UVA, UVB, and UVC.
The ozone layer filters out the UVC and many of the UVB rays, but the ozone layer is not the same as it used to be and seems to have little or no effect on UVA rays which make up 90% or more of the sun's radiation that reaches the earth. Indeed, it is exposure to UVA that causes most of the photo-aging damage: the premature wrinkles, loss of elasticity, hyperpig-mentation, and a dry, dull, leathery texture.
UVB, which is most intense from 10 A.M.-2 P.M. |
John Boik
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 Depletion of the earth's ozone layer may have an impact on future incidence rates, but as yet, research has not correlated depletion of the polar ozone layer with an increase in ultraviolet radiation in the U.S., and therefore, the past rise in melanoma has not been attributed to damage to the ozone layer. In the white population, mortality from melanoma has increased 152% since 1950. The difference between the high increase in incidence and the relatively lower increase in mortality is due primarily to increased early detection. |
Alex Steffen
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 Most earthborne bacteria would die quickly on Mars: no ozone layer means abundant ultraviolet radiation, on top of the sub-Antarctic temperatures and atmospheric density far lower than Earth's. We know all too well, however, that evolution is a hardy process. It would be appalling if our own carelessness destroyed our chances of learning whether Mars has its own native microbes because some earthly extremophile had become the martian equivalent of kudzu. jc
Space Elevator
¦¦¦¦¦ Quite possibly the wildest idea for promoting space exploration is the Earth-to-orbit elevator. |
John Boik
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| Depletion of the earth's ozone layer may have an impact on future incidence rates, but as yet, research has not correlated depletion of the polar ozone layer with an increase in ultraviolet radiation in the U.S., and therefore, the past rise in melanoma has not been attributed to damage to the ozone layer. In the white population, mortality from melanoma has increased 152% since 1950. The difference between the high increase in incidence and the relatively lower increase in mortality is due primarily to increased early detection. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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 Air pollution almost certainly has thinned the protective ozone layer above the earth, allowing dangerous radiation from the sun's rays to cause cancers, birth defects, and other injuries to humans throughout the world.
Smog is a type of large-scale air pollution caused by chemical reactions in the air between different pollutants from vehicle exhaust and industrial sources. Smog can have a different specific cause depending on location, wind, and weather, but the effect is essentially the same. Smog becomes a real problem when a phenomenon known as temperature inversion occurs. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY
Environmental issues such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, and the overuse of pesticides and other chemicals are cause for concern—particularly as they affect the quality of our water and food supply and our level of exposure to radiation and toxic metals. The body's immune system can be the last line of defense against these environmental assaults. |
| The ozone layer absorbs most of this radiation, but a small amount gets through and can cause cataracts, pterygia (benign lesions that grow on either side of the cornea), and skin cancer. This especially is true for children, and their sunglasses should be as good or better than those of an adult. In other words, buy real sunglasses, not the kiddy models. Look for polycarbonate lenses, which are light, shatterproof, and optically sound.
SUPPLEMENT
NUTRIENTS
SUGGESTED DOSAGE
Desiccated liver
As directed on label.
A good source of many important vitamins and minerals. |
| The ozone layer absorbs most of this radiation, but a small amount gets through to the earth's surface, where it poses the same risks as UVA radiation.
UV exposure is not only the major cause of wrinkles; it is responsible for 90 percent of most forms of skin cancer. People who have had severe or blistering sunburns, especially in childhood, are twice as likely to develop the disease later in life. People with blond or red hair, blue or green eyes, and fair skin, who sunburn or freckle easily, are at the greatest risk for skin cancer because they have less protective pigment in their skin. |
| The ozone layer acts as a protective atmospheric sunscreen. As it becomes thinner and holes develop in it, more of the sun's harmful rays reach the earth.
Q More information about skin cancer is available from the American Cancer Society. (See Health and Medical Organizations in the Appendix. |
| In a vicious cycle, the lowered stratospheric temperature can further reduce the ozone layer because as the temperature drops, the amount of ozone naturally decreases.
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)
This is a general class of chemicals that can cause serious health and environmental effects. Health effects can include cancer, birth defects, nervous system disorders, respiratory problems, and even death at high concentrations. There are literally thousands of these chemicals, and almost 200 of them have been positively identified as potential hazards. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
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| A lot of attention has been given to the depletion of the ozone layer. What many people do not realize is that according to the EPA, the world's livestock herds are the largest single source of emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas contributing to ozone depletion and climate change.
We hope that these concerns about livestock farms will encourage you to eat a moderate amount of the foods described in this chapter. If you choose to eat meat, we encourage you to:
• Limit your intake to no more than 3 to 4 ounces daily—about the size of a deck of playing cards. |
Bruce H. Lipton
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 Those who endorse the hypothesis argue that tampering with the balance of that super-organism called Gaia, whether it be by destroying the rainforest, depleting the ozone layer or altering organisms through genetic engineering can threaten its survival and consequently ours.
Recent studies funded by Britain's Natural Environment Research Council provide support for those concerns. |
James Trefil
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 Are We Going to Lose the ozone layer? rffflfa. probably not, because the response to the jHIiIIhJm threat to the ozone layer is the best example I ml 11 ally know of science and public policy working to-
Ozone is a molecule made from three atoms of oxygen. Most of it resides in a region of the atmosphere fifteen or twenty miles above the earth's surface, called the ozone layer. This is where most of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun is absorbed, but it is also the region that was threatened by the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). |
James F. Balch, M.D.
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 For decades we filled the air with chlorofluorocarbons from aerosol spray cans, refrigerants like Freon and other fluorinated hydrocarbons, and industrial-strength chemical waste that destroys the ozone layer. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that a 40 percent depletion of the ozone layer by 2075 would result in 154 million additional cases of skin cancer and an additional 3.4 million deaths worldwide.
These are ominous statistics, but that is not the only problem. The sun is a direct cause of cataracts. |
Francisco, M.D. Contreras
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| At present, this rip in the ozone layer has grown to equal the size of the United States. The chemical substances responsible for this destruction are used in products such as fire extinguishers and deodorant sprays. Because this alarming trend could endanger the very existence of humanity, the United Nations convened its members to seek some solution.
In 1987, representatives from 140 countries signed an agreement called the Treaty of Montreal, in order to protect the ozone layer. This agreement, although well intentioned, left much to be desired. |
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