Philip Yam
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 Before Gajdusek allowed Brown to start his kuru fieldwork, Brown tested inhabitants of the Caroline Islands for antibodies to measles. The goal was to find isolated populations never exposed to measles, enabling scientists to determine if the measles vaccine would endure in the absence of an active, circulating measles virus. There would be no way to determine that anywhere else in the world, since most people have been exposed to measles or the vaccine. |
Bill Sardi
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 In another converse study, 21 of 353 individuals who had a history of measles developed cancer versus only 1 in 230 who had a negative history of measles. [Cancer 1-5, 1985]
There is evidence that cancer risk increases when a person receives an organ transplant. Immune-suppressing drugs may be responsible. [Annals Surgery 202:9-20, 1985] Oddly, when doctors at Wayne State University School of Medicine studied a rare case of spontaneous remission from kidney cancer, they found no enhancement of natural killer cells or other white blood cell activity. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 Other evidence links the measles vaccine to multiple sclerosis and the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and hepatitis B vaccines to rheumatoid arthritis. Many scientists also believe strong anecdotal evidence exists between receiving the hepatitis B vaccine and developing lupus. Yet another noted connection between vaccine and illness is evidence relating the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, known as Hib, to type 1 diabetes. |
| Other scientists are examining the relationship between the measles virus and multiple sclerosis, suggesting that viral outbreaks of measles might contribute to some localized epidemics of multiple sclerosis. And for many years, one of the more unsettling questions in the field of viral autoimmune-disease research has been whether individuals exposed to common viruses while in their mothers' wombs, or as newborns, are more likely to develop type 1 juvenile-onset diabetes. |
Bottom Line Health
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| Based on the public health benefits realized following the introduction of other combination vaccines, such as MMR II, we expect Proquad to become a primary option for the prevention of measles, mumps, rubella and chicken pox," says Dr. Mark Feinberg, vice president of policy, public health and medical affairs in Merck's Vaccine Division.
Proquad can help reduce the gap that exists in the United States between vaccination rates for chickenpox—which were an estimated 87.5% in 2004—and vaccination rates for measles, mumps and rubella—which were an estimated 93% in 2004, Feinberg says. |
Kevin Trudeau
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 In 1990, the Journal of the American Medical Association had an article on measles which stated, "Although more than 95 percent of school-aged children in the US are vaccinated against measles, large measles outbreaks continue to occur in schools and most cases in this setting occur among previously vaccinated children." {JAMA, November 21,1990.)
In the USA, from July 1990 to November 1993, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration counted a total of 54,072 adverse reactions following vaccination. |
Philip Yam
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| The goal was to find isolated populations never exposed to measles, enabling scientists to determine if the measles vaccine would endure in the absence of an active, circulating measles virus. There would be no way to determine that anywhere else in the world, since most people have been exposed to measles or the vaccine.
Gajdusek was planning to do a few months of pediatric research when he landed at Port Moresby on the southernmost part of New Guinea, whereupon he learned about Zigas and kuru from Roy F. R. Scragg, the acting public health official. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| Other scientists are examining the relationship between the measles virus and multiple sclerosis, suggesting that viral outbreaks of measles might contribute to some localized epidemics of multiple sclerosis. And for many years, one of the more unsettling questions in the field of viral autoimmune-disease research has been whether individuals exposed to common viruses while in their mothers' wombs, or as newborns, are more likely to develop type 1 juvenile-onset diabetes. |
Kevin Trudeau
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| In 1990, the Journal of the American Medical Association had an article on measles which stated, "Although more than 95 percent of school-aged children in the US are vaccinated against measles, large measles outbreaks continue to occur in schools and most cases in this setting occur among previously vaccinated children." {JAMA, November 21,1990.)
In the USA, from July 1990 to November 1993, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration counted a total of 54,072 adverse reactions following vaccination. |
Bottom Line Health
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| Anew single-shot vaccine that protects children against measles, mumps, rubella and chicken pox could mean one less shot and one less doctor visit, advocates say.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the vaccine after testing in more than 5,000 children. It is called Proquad and is manufactured by Merck.
The vaccine—which is a combination of the company's measles, mumps, rubella (MMR II) vaccine and its chicken pox shot—is designed for children from 12 months to 12 years of age. |
Gabriel Cousens
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 Cases of Type-1 can arise from exposure to viruses that have been documented, including measles, mumps, infectious mononucleosis, infectious hepatitis, Coxsackie virus, and cytomegalovirus. These viruses cause an immune inflammation response that destroys the beta cells of the pancreas in an infant. Infant research suggests that exposure to German measles in the womb may have a 40 percent greater chance of developing Type-1 diabetes.
Type-1 diabetes can run in families, but there is a weak association. |
Jay Joseph
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 Given the universality of the genetic vulnerability to measles and the episodic, acute exposure to the virus, we can easily say that such conditions are "environmentally caused."2
But why is measles "environmental" if genetic vulnerability to the virus is "universal"? According to Gottesman, if some people are genetically vulnerable to conditions such as schizophrenia, the condition is "heavily influenced" by genetics. Conversely, conditions such as measles, where everyone is genetically vulnerable, are "environmentally caused." Thus, if everyone is predisposed, then no one is predisposed. |
| Suppose that only 50% of human beings contract measles when exposed to the virus. Would it follow that measles is "heavily influenced" by genetics because the population vulnerability dropped from 100% to 50%? One reason that most people would answer no, I would argue, is that we have identified the virus that causes measles.
In discussing the causes of schizophrenia, Gottesman noted that pellagra was once viewed as being heavily influenced by genetics but was later discovered to be caused by a vitamin deficiency. |
Gabriel Cousens
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| The introduction of live virus vaccines, such as live MMR vaccine made from weakened forms of the live measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, has raised questions about whether live vaccine virus could be a co-factor in causing chronic diseases such as diabetes.
In 1982, another vaccine was added to the childhood vaccination schedule in Finland. Children age 14 months to 6 years were given the live MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine. This was followed by the injection of 114,000 Finnish children 3 months and older with another experimental Hib vaccine. |
Jay Joseph
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| In contrast to schizophrenia, Gottesman cited measles as an example of a disease "that deserves to be called environmental":
Virtually everyone exposed to the virus gets the symptoms if they have not been inoculated against it. Given the universality of the genetic vulnerability to measles and the episodic, acute exposure to the virus, we can easily say that such conditions are "environmentally caused."2
But why is measles "environmental" if genetic vulnerability to the virus is "universal"? |
Kevin Trudeau
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| In 1990, the Journal of the American Medical Association had an article on measles which stated, "Although more than 95 percent of school-aged children in the US are vaccinated against measles, large measles outbreaks continue to occur in schools and most cases in this setting occur among previously vaccinated children." {JAMA, November 21,1990.)
In the USA, from July 1990 to November 1993, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration counted a total of 54,072 adverse reactions following vaccination. |
Dr. Steve Blake
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 With millions of children deficient in vitamin A, deaths from common childhood infections such as pneumonia and measles can be greatly reduced with better food or vitamin A supplementation. While childhood vitamin A deficiency is rare in developed countries, it is widespread in southeast Asia and Africa.
VITAMIN A AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES
One of the first lines of defense against infection is the mucous membranes. These mucous membranes line the digestive tract, the lungs and sinuses, the vagina, the eyes, and the urinary tract. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| Now, says this expert, "you have a child patient who doesn't get measles or mumps—but they do get an autoimmune disease. Only we may not see that relationship in broad epidemiological terms, because we haven't been looking for it." In correcting one problem, we may have been creating another. |
Dr. Sharon Moalem
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 Sometimes, that even makes you immune to future infections, like most people are after having had measles. But while the mutations that happen in our B-cells are ours to keep, we can't pass them on to our children—they're on the somatic side of the Weismann barrier. Babies are born with a very small number of antibodies, and their immune systems have to start in overdrive. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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| I also had mumps and measles both. But somehow, I ended up with numerous autoimmune diseases.
The biggest point of controversy with the hygiene hypothesis, says Fairweather, is that "it does not take into account the increase in pollution and chemicals in our environment in the past fifty years, which stimulate our immune system in a similar way that infections do. We are certainly not cleaner in a chemical sense than we used to be. In autoimmune disease, the immune response looks as if it has seen an infection. |
Andreas Moritz
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 Natural Methods of Nursing Children Back to Health
If your child is diagnosed as having chickenpox, mumps, or measles, it may indicate that s/he requires an immunity boost. Most children who have gone through these common childhood illnesses have greatly benefited from them; they are stronger afterwards and even have a growth spurt, either physically or emotionally, or both. Most natural health practitioners see a normal childhood illness as a good opportunity to develop immunity. |
| A second experience with measles or scarlet fever is extremely rare.
The concepts of medicine formulated in the 19 century were partially based on the understanding by the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates, who observed that an illness manifests signs and symptoms that travel from the inner vital organs and blood circulation to the outer surface of the body. These symptoms would often be visible as a rash or as a discharge of blood, mucus or pus. This "throwing off of an illness was considered a natural healing response expected to return the body to a state of balance or equilibrium. |
| What most people don't know is that some polio vaccines, adenovirus vaccines, rubella and hepatitis A and measles vaccines have been made with aborted human fetal tissue. Dr. Davis found what he believed were bacterial fragments and poliovirus in these vaccines from time to time which may have come from that fetal tissue. In addition, he also found "fragments" of human hair and human mucus. Apart from such contamination, it is worth mentioning that standard chemicals like formaldehyde, mercury, and aluminum are purposely put into vaccines. |
| A young person's immune system hasn't typically matured enough to be effective against this type of onslaught
No less dangerous is the Guillain-Barre syndrome which leads to paralysis and is caused by immunizations for measles, diphtheria, influenza, tetanus, and the oral polio vaccine. This is hardly surprising when one considers the high toxicity of the vaccines. It is well known that children whose immune systems are already weak experience more serious complications than those whose constitution and immune system are much stronger. |
| In the Rimavex measles vaccine, he found various chicken viruses. In the polio vaccine, he found acanthamoeba, a so-called brain-eating amoeba, and a simian cytomegalovirus. Also discovered was simian foamy virus in the rotavirus vaccine and bird-cancer viruses in the MMR vaccine. Various microorganisms were present in the anthrax vaccine and potentially dangerous enzyme inhibitors were present in several other vaccines. Duck, dog, and rabbit viruses were present in the rubella vaccine, avian leucosis virus in the flu vaccine, and pestivirus in the MMR vaccine. |
Gerald E. Markle and Frances B. McCrea
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 For typhoid, intervention accounted for far less than one-third of 1 % of the reduction in mortality; for measles, 1.4%, for scarlet fever, 1.8%. Their conclusion:
Given that it is precisely for these diseases that medicine claims the most success in lowering mortality, 3.5 percent probably represents a reasonable upper limit estimate of the total contribution of medical measures to the decline in mortality in the United States since 1900. |
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