Gabriel Cousens
See book keywords and concepts |  Unlike many other plants, flax seed has a special fiber called lignin that our body converts to lignans, which help to build up the immune system and have specific anti-cancer, anti-fungal, and anti-viral properties. High levels of lignans are associated with reduced rates of colon and breast cancer. Just 10 grams, or about one to two teaspoons of flax seed oil per day, raises levels of the lignans significantly.
A third advantage of the flax seed oil over fish oil is that fish and fish oil are high in cholesterol. |
Mike Adams
See book keywords and concepts |  Bottom Line Yearbook 2002
Flaxseed oil also contains lignans, antioxidant phytochemical compounds that are believed to be hormone precursors. lignans may bind to estrogen receptors in breast tissue and interfere with estrogen's cancer-promoting activity there. Studies show that women who excrete more lignans in their urine (presumably from increased consumption of lignans), have much lower breast-cancer rates.
- Robyn Landis, Herbal Defense
These antioxidant phytochemicals form the water-soluble colors of vegetables, fruits, grains, leaves, and bark. |
James A. Howenstine, MD
See book keywords and concepts |  Lignans
Flaxseed has a very high amount of lignans, between 100 and 800 times more than that available from wheat bran, soybeans, and oatmeal. lignans are phytochemicals found in the cell matrix of plants. These flax lignans are important because of antiviral, anti-fungal, and antibacterial properties. Flax lignans also have a vital role in helping prevent cancer.
Estrogen is a suspected risk factor for breast cancer. lignans are converted in the intestine to a form that binds to estrogen receptors. |
Gabriel Cousens
See book keywords and concepts | | High levels of lignans are associated with reduced rates of colon and breast cancer. Just 10 grams, or about one to two teaspoons of flax seed oil per day, raises levels of the lignans significantly.
A third advantage of the flax seed oil over fish oil is that fish and fish oil are high in cholesterol. Three and one-half ounces of cod liver oil contain 570 milligrams of cholesterol, which equals the amount found in two egg yolks.
The fourth advantage of flax seed oil over fish oil is the fact that fish are often high in toxic residues because they live in polluted waters. | | It contains fiber, lignans, and short-chain omega-3 fatty acids, as well as both soluble and insoluble fiber, helping to clean your intestinal tract and promote regularity. lignans provide a powerful support to the immune system and cellular health. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids are essential for balanced brain chemistry. Flax seed is one of the few sources of omega-3 for a plant-source-only cuisine. I recommend 3 tablespoons for slow oxidizers and 3-6 tablespoons for fast oxidizers each day. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
See book keywords and concepts |  These compounds are not found in animal products and, similar to carotenoids, may be useful markers of a plant-based diet [31]. lignans provide an example of how using dietary constituents as biomarkers requires an understanding of the metabolism of the compounds. lignans in plant foods are altered by intestinal microflora, so that the specific compounds, enterodiol and enterolactone, monitored in plasma or urine are actually bacterial metabolites. |
C. W. Randolph, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Ground or milled flaxseed, sesame seeds, and flaxseed oil are part of a food group called lignans. The friendly bacteria in our intestines convert plant lignans into a substance that has a weak estrogen-like activity. When there are low estrogen levels in your body, these weak lignan estrogens make up for some of the deficiency. When the body is estrogen dominant, however, these lignan estrogens bind to your body's estrogen receptors, thereby reducing human estrogen activity at a cellular level. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
See book keywords and concepts |  Other Names: Guaiacum, Lignum Vitae, Pockwood actions and pharmacology
COMPOUNDS
Triterpene saponins: aglycone oleanolic acid
Resin: containing, among others, the lignans (-)-guaiaretic acid, dihydroguajaretic acid, guaiacin
Isoguajacin: alpha-guaiaconic acid, tetrofuroguaiacine A and B
Volatile oil: chief components sesquiterpene alcohols; such as guaiole, which changes into quaiazulene with steam distillation
EFFECTS
Guaiacum officinale is fungistatic because of its saponin content. | | Ip SP, Mak DH, Li PC, Poon MK, Ko KM, Determination of lignans in the fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Trucz.) Baill. and S. Sphenanthern Rehd. et Wils. using HPLC and their chromatograms. In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih, 78:611-4, 639-40, Oct 1989.
Ip SP, Mak DH, Li PC, Poon MK, Ko KM, Determination of the active ingredients in Chinese drug wuweizi (Schisandra chinensis) by TLC-densitometry. In: Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 78:49-53, 1990.
Ip SP, Mak DH, Li PC, Poon MK, Ko KM, Ecological investigation on Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. of the Changbai Mountain. | | The active constituents were shown to be lignans such as lappaols B and H, arctigenin, matairesinol, and arctiin found in the ethyl acetate eluate of the methanol extract (Oshima et al, 1988).
Antineoplastic Effects: The burdock achene-derived butyrolactone lignan glycoside arctiin and its aglycone, arctigenin, exhibited antiproliferative activity against five human cancer cell lines in vitro. The activity of these constituents was significantly less than that of podophyllotoxin but similar to that of cisplatin and doxorubicin. | | Bioactivity Screenings of Plants Selected on the Basis of Folkloric Use or Presence of lignans in a Family. Phytother Res. 6 (5); 274-278. 1992
Pinus Bark
Tsuga canadensis description
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the latex, which exudes from the plant and the essential oil.
Flower and Fruit: The pedicle of the male flower is shorter than the scale sheath. The cones are small (1.5 to 2.5 cm long) and light brown. The wood contains no resin.
Leaves, Stem, and Root: The young shoots are villous, becoming pubescent. The leaves have a leaf cushion and are flat, short (1 to 1. | | The flavonol lignans hydnocarpin, hydnowightin, and neohydnocarpin isolated from the seeds are lipid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral in animal experiments.
COMPOUNDS: CHAULMOOGRA OIL
Triglycerides: chief fatty acids D-hydnocarpic acid, D-chaul-moogric acid, D-gorli acid (cyclopentene fatty acids)
EFFECTS: CHAULMOOGRA OIL
The chaulmoogric acid in the drug is antimicrobial. indications and usage
Unproven Uses: Externally, preparations of Hydnocarpus are used in the treatment of various skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Two specific lignans, enterodiol and enterolac-tone, are absorbed after formation in the intestinal tract from plant precursors particularly abundant in flaxseed.
The ingestion of flaxseed powder and its effect on the menstrual cycle was studied in 18 normally cycling women.1 Each woman consumed her usual omnivorous, low-fiber diet for three cycles and her usual diet supplemented with 10 grams per day of flaxseed for another three cycles. All women were instructed to avoid soy foods. The second and third flax cycles were compared to the second and third control diet cycles. |
Mike Adams
See book keywords and concepts | | Studies show that women who excrete more lignans in their urine (presumably from increased consumption of lignans), have much lower breast-cancer rates.
- Robyn Landis, Herbal Defense
These antioxidant phytochemicals form the water-soluble colors of vegetables, fruits, grains, leaves, and bark. There are many types of flavonoids, and different plants contain varying concentrations of them. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
See book keywords and concepts | | Platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist contained in medicinal plants. lignans and sesquiterpenes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo); 40:1196-1198. 1992
Lin CC, Lin JM, Yan JJ et al. Anti-inflammatory and radical scavenge effects of Arctium lappa. Am J Chin Med; 24:127-137. 1996
Morita K, Kada T & Namiki M. A desmutagenic factor isolated from burdock (Arctium lappa Linne). Mutat Res; 129:25-31. 1984
Maruta Y, Kawabata J, Niki R. Antioxidant caffeolyquinic acid .derivatives in the roots of burdock (Arcticum lappa L). J Agric Food Chem; 43:2592-2592. 1995
Oshima Y, Suzuki K & Hikino H. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | Phenolics include isoflavones, which are higher in legumes and especially soybeans than any other plants; coumestans, with one known estrogenic member (coumestrol) that is approximately six times more estrogenic than the isoflavones;35' 36 and lignans, high in grains and cereals and highest in flaxseed.
There has been some concern and controversy about how phytoestrogens affect the uterus; if they have an estrogenic effect, they should be avoided by women with uterine fibroids or endometrial cancer. | | Consistent with these results, dietary sources of lignans, including garlic, onions, grapefruit, seeds, seaweed, and taro, were positively associated with lowered CIN risk.22
Indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and kale, has the potential to prevent and treat several cancers. Eating these foods alters estrogen metabolism in such a way as to reduce the carcinogenic metabolites of estrogen metabolism. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
See book keywords and concepts |  Ground flaxseed: Flaxseeds provide 800 times more cancer-fighting lignans than any other food, which protect against breast and prostate cancer. Delicious in salads, smoothies, and as a topping on veggies.
2. Unsweetened cranberry juice: Rich source of phytonutrients such as phenol-based antioxidants that are so helpful in supporting cardiovascular health and preventing urinary tract infections. Mix in a 1:2 ratio with water!
3. Lemons: High in limonene, they're an old-time remedy for thinning the bile and enhancing digestion.
4. |
Michael Friedman, ND
See book keywords and concepts |  One of these lignans, syringen has been found to protect against radiation by decreasing leucopoenia, as well as having an immunostimulating and potentiating effect. Syringen has also been found to have a hypoc-holesteremic effect, especially on LDL. Sesamin has exhibited an anticancer effect and an immunostimu-latory effect. It reduces liver enlargement due to alcohol intake. Siberian ginseng also produces precursors to lignans, such as caffeic acid and coniferlyadehyde, both of which have demonstrated anticancer activity. | | Beta-sitosterol has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antihyperglycemic, and antihy-percholesterolemic effects. The lignans produced by this herb may offer the plant immuno protection as well protection against free radical damage. One of these lignans, syringen has been found to protect against radiation by decreasing leucopoenia, as well as having an immunostimulating and potentiating effect. Syringen has also been found to have a hypoc-holesteremic effect, especially on LDL. Sesamin has exhibited an anticancer effect and an immunostimu-latory effect. |
Robyn Landis
See book keywords and concepts |  Flaxseed oil also contains lignans, antioxidant phytochemical compounds that are believed to be hotmone precursors (discussed on page 115). lignans may bind to estrogen receptors in breast tissue and interfere with estrogen's cancer-promoting activity there. Studies show that women who excrete more lignans in their urine (presumably from increased consumption of lignans), have much lower breast-cancer rates.14
Ayurveda also emphasizes sesame and almond oils for women at this time—they are light, sweet, warming, easy-to-digest oils.
Many foods contain phytoestrogens (plant estrogens). |
Kaayla T. Daniel, PhD, CCN
See book keywords and concepts |  THE BIG THREE
The top three phytoestrogens found in foods are isoflavones, coumestans and lignans. Isoflavones exist in more than 70 plants with the highest concentrations found in soybeans. Coumestans occur in young sprouting legumes such as soy, clover and alfalfa sprouts. lignans are present in flaxseeds.46
Now that pharmaceutical firms see future profits in phytoestrogens, they have developed sensitive and accurate analytical methods to measure these compounds. |
Bill Sardi
See book keywords and concepts |  Urology 58:47-52, 2001]
Flaxseed, flax oil or flax lignans?
Which is the most beneficial way to acquire the therapeutic and preventive benefits of flaxseed? The question arises, is it flaxseed, or its lignan or oil fractions, that most inhibit cancer? Rodents were given these three dietary ingredients or corn oil 13 weeks following administration of a cancer-causing chemical. After seven weeks, breast tumor volume was more than 50% smaller in flaxseed, flax oil, and lignan-fed animals than in animals fed corn oil. New tumor number and volume were lowest in the flaxseed and lignan-fed animals. | | J Steroid Biochemical Molecular Biology 50: 205-12, 1994] Essentially, flaxseed lignans are aromatase inhibitors.
The addition of ground flaxseed and flaxseed oil to the daily diet increases the circulating levels of enterolac-tone, the primary phytoestrogen in flaxseed. [European J Clinical Nutrition 56: 157-65, 2002] Generally, very low circulation levels of enterolactone are associated with breast cancer, though sporadic cases can be found among females who have high enterolactone levels. | | These include the mineral chelator phytate (IP6) as well as lignans, phytoestrogens and vitamins and minerals. [Proceedings Nutrition Society 62: 129-34, 2003]
Iron, estrogen and breast cancer
While the etiology of breast cancer is linked to high life-time exposure to estrogen, there are disparities in studies that attempt to establish this association. [J Steroid Biochemical Molecular Biology 80: 163-74, 2002] Estrogen alone is not the sole governing factor in breast cancer. |
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ABOUT THE CREATOR OF NATURALPEDIA: Mike Adams, the creator of this NaturalNews Naturalpedia, is the editor of NaturalNews.com, the internet's top natural health news site, creator of the Honest Food Guide (www.HonestFoodGuide.org), a free downloadable consumer food guide based on natural health principles, author of Grocery Warning, The 7 Laws of Nutrition, Natural Health Solutions, and many other books available at www.TruthPublishing.com, creator of the earth-friendly EcoLEDs company (www.EcoLEDs.com) that manufactures energy-efficient LED lighting products, founder of Arial Software (www.ArialSoftware.com), a permission e-mail technology company, creator of the CounterThink Cartoon series (www.NaturalNews.com/index-cartoons.html) and author of over 1,500 articles, interviews, special reports and reference guides available at www.NaturalNews.com. Adams' personal philosophy and health statistics are available at www.HealthRanger.org.
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