Bill Sardi
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 With a prolonged fever, this process of feeding tumor cells with sugar can be interrupted, which in turn results in hypoglycemia and a resultant increase in blood pH which represses the enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase. [Medical Hypotheses 56: 693-94, 2001] Of interest are plant molecules that inhibit lactate dehydrogenase. For example resveratrol, a red wine molecule, markedly reduces lactate dehydrogenase levels. [Cardiovascular Research 47:549-55, 2000; Acta Pharmacology Sin 24:703-10, 2003] Diallyl trisulfide, a breakdown product of allicin from garlic, also inhibits lactate dehydrogenase. |
Abram Hoffer, PhD, MD, FRCP(C) and Dr. Jonathan Prousjy, DPHE, DSC, ND, FRSH
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 Niacinamide has the ability to modify the metabolism of blood lactate (lactic acid). lactate sensitivity or an increased responsiveness to lactate might provoke anxiety symptoms. Niacinamide supplementation appears to increase the conversion of lactate to pyruvate, reducing lactate levels in the blood, which would reduce many anxiety symptoms (especially panic).
HIV Infection: Dr M.F. Murray of Harvard University has done extensive research on niacinamide as a potential AIDS preventive factor. He has found a marked similarity between pellagra and AIDS. |
Bill Sardi
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| An enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, catalyzes the production of lactic acid. With a prolonged fever, this process of feeding tumor cells with sugar can be interrupted, which in turn results in hypoglycemia and a resultant increase in blood pH which represses the enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase. [Medical Hypotheses 56: 693-94, 2001] Of interest are plant molecules that inhibit lactate dehydrogenase. For example resveratrol, a red wine molecule, markedly reduces lactate dehydrogenase levels. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 In another Japanese study, 17 women who were 10 years postmenopause were given estriol, 2 mg/day, and 2 g/day of calcium lactate for one year. Another group was given only the calcium lactate. Bone density was significantly reduced after one year in the calcium-only group, while the estriol-plus-calcium group had a 1.66 percent increase in bone density, using the DXA scan again.141 A third Japanese study compared 50- to 65-year-old women and elderly women who received either estriol, 2 mg/day, plus 1 g/day calcium lactate or 2 mg/day of estriol alone for 10 months. |
| Seventy-five postmenopausal women with bone densities at least 10 percent or more below peak bone density were given estriol, 2 mg/day, with 800 mg daily of calcium lactate. After 50 weeks, an average increase in bone mineral density of 1.79 percent was seen on the routine DXA scan.'40
In another Japanese study, 17 women who were 10 years postmenopause were given estriol, 2 mg/day, and 2 g/day of calcium lactate for one year. Another group was given only the calcium lactate. |
Michael Friedman, ND
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 Pyruvate, which is the normal end product of glycolysis under aerobic conditions, is reduced under anaerobic conditions by the NADH to lactate, the reaction being catalyzed by lactate deydrogenase. The re-oxidation of NADH via lactate formation allows glycolysis to proceed in the absence of oxygen by regenerating sufficient NADH+. Thus, tissues that can function under hypoxic circumstances tend to produce lactate. |
Abram Hoffer, PhD, MD, FRCP(C) and Dr. Jonathan Prousjy, DPHE, DSC, ND, FRSH
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| Lactate sensitivity or an increased responsiveness to lactate might provoke anxiety symptoms. Niacinamide supplementation appears to increase the conversion of lactate to pyruvate, reducing lactate levels in the blood, which would reduce many anxiety symptoms (especially panic).
HIV Infection: Dr M.F. Murray of Harvard University has done extensive research on niacinamide as a potential AIDS preventive factor. He has found a marked similarity between pellagra and AIDS. |
Bill Sardi
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| Medical Hypotheses 56: 693-94, 2001] Of interest are plant molecules that inhibit lactate dehydrogenase. For example resveratrol, a red wine molecule, markedly reduces lactate dehydrogenase levels. [Cardiovascular Research 47:549-55, 2000; Acta Pharmacology Sin 24:703-10, 2003] Diallyl trisulfide, a breakdown product of allicin from garlic, also inhibits lactate dehydrogenase. [Biofactors 21:171-4, 2004] Querce-tin, a plant extract often obtained from onions, also inhibits production of lactic acid. |
David Winston, RH(AHG), and Steven Maimes
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 Treatment with schisandra reduced the horses' heart rate and respiratory frequency, increased plasma glucose, and decreased lactate levels.
In an earlier study (Ahumada et al. 1989) involving thoroughbred horses, a single dose of extract equivalent to 192 grams of schisandra produced similar results. The racehorses were on average 1.8 seconds faster over 800 meters. It was postulated that schisandra may cause a lower synthesis of lactate in muscles under anaerobic conditions and also stimulate lactate clearance by the liver. z. |
Dr. Michael Heinrich, Joanne Barnes, Simon Gibbons and Elizabeth M. Williamson
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 Alternatively, the final reaction product of two subsequent reactions can be determined: pyruvate kinase
ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate -<->- ATP + pyruvate
In a last step, pyruvate is metabolized by lactate dehydrogenase to yield lactate: lactate dehydrogenase
Pyruvate + NADH -<--——NAD + lactate
Although the above methods can be used for quantifying compounds in botanical material, the exact determination of digitalis glycosides in blood and plasma is even more important. |
Jack Challem
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 One way it does this is by raising levels of lactate in the body, which promotes anxiety. Vitamin B3 enhances the breakdown of lactate.
One or two cups of coffee a day are not a problem for most people. Yet five to ten cups daily can be, as can fewer cups of a high-caffeine brew, such as Starbucks. Starbucks' beverages contain extremely large amounts of caffeine. A twelve-ounce cup of Starbucks coffee has 195 mg of caffeine, or a little more than 16 mg per ounce. |
Bill Sardi
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| For example resveratrol, a red wine molecule, markedly reduces lactate dehydrogenase levels. [Cardiovascular Research 47:549-55, 2000; Acta Pharmacology Sin 24:703-10, 2003] Diallyl trisulfide, a breakdown product of allicin from garlic, also inhibits lactate dehydrogenase. [Biofactors 21:171-4, 2004] Querce-tin, a plant extract often obtained from onions, also inhibits production of lactic acid. [Xenobiotica 33:587-602, 2003; Physiology Chemistry Physics 7:473-5, 1975] This may be a primary reason for reported anti-cancer effects of these herbs. |
Dr. Michael Heinrich, Joanne Barnes, Simon Gibbons and Elizabeth M. Williamson
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| Alternatively, the final reaction product of two subsequent reactions can be determined: pyruvate kinase
ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate -<->- ATP + pyruvate
In a last step, pyruvate is metabolized by lactate dehydrogenase to yield lactate: lactate dehydrogenase
Pyruvate + NADH -<--——NAD + lactate
Although the above methods can be used for quantifying compounds in botanical material, the exact determination of digitalis glycosides in blood and plasma is even more important. |
David Winston, RH(AHG), and Steven Maimes
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| It was postulated that schisandra may cause a lower synthesis of lactate in muscles under anaerobic conditions and also stimulate lactate clearance by the liver. z./o ntruat nuapiugcm in use
Shatavari
Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) has been used topically to treat animal wounds, and fresh or dried shatavari is used to increase animals' milk production. Guduchi and shatavari have been found to protect against chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. Animal studies have shown that this herb can relieve diarrhea, urinary irritation, and coughs and enhance immune function in animals. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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| Another group was given only the calcium lactate. Bone density was significantly reduced after one year in the calcium-only group, while the estriol-plus-calcium group had a 1.66 percent increase in bone density, using the DXA scan again.141 A third Japanese study compared 50- to 65-year-old women and elderly women who received either estriol, 2 mg/day, plus 1 g/day calcium lactate or 2 mg/day of estriol alone for 10 months.142 Increases of about 5 percent in the lumbar spine were seen in both age groups of women who took the estriol and the calcium. |
Michael T. Murray, N.D.
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 Perhaps the most significant biochemical disturbance noted in patients with anxiety and panic attacks is an elevated blood lactate level and an increased lactate-to-pyruvate ratio. lactate (the soluble form of lactic acid) is the final pathway in the breakdown of blood sugar (glucose) when there is a lack of oxygen. Nutrition appears to play a key role in the increased lactate-to-pyruvate ratio seen in patients with anxiety. According to Melvyn Werbach, M.D. |
Frederic Vagnini, M.D. and Barry Fox, Ph.D.
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 For example, there's calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, calcium lactate, and so on, and each of these forms contains a different amount of elemental, or "pure," calcium. Calcium carbonate is 40 percent elemental calcium, calcium citrate is 21 percent, calcium lactate is 13 percent and calcium gluconate is a mere 9 percent. So, 1,000 mg calcium carbonate provides 400 mg elemental calcium, compared to the 90 mg offered by the same amount of calcium gluconate. Besides differences in the amount of elemental calcium, there are also differences in absorbability. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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 LaManca JJ & Haymes EM: Effects of iron repletion on V02max, endurance, and blood lactate in women. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 25(12):1386-1392. 1993
Looker AC, Dallman PR, Carroll MD et al: Prevalence of iron deficiency in the United States. JAMA; 277(12):973-976. 1997
Lynch SR & Baynes RD: Deliberations and evaluations of the approaches, endpoints and paradigms for iron dietary recommendations. J Nutr; 126(9 suppl):2404S-2409S. 1996
Lynch SR: Interactions of iron with other nutrients. Nutr Rev; 55(4): 102-110. 1997
Lynch SR: The effect of calcium on iron absorption. |
Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D.
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 When cells are oxygen deprived, pyruvate is further metabolized to lactic acid (or lactate), causing the acidity in the cell to rise. The increase in cellular acid concentration has two major effects. First, it tells the cell that more energy is needed, triggering additional energy metabolism. Second, it can cause cellular stress if it builds up to high levels. In skeletal muscles an increase in lactic acid concentration causes a burning sensation and stimulates cramping, telling the cell it has to stop what it's doing and rest. In hearts, it contributes to the pain associated with angina. |
| Lactic acid clearance L-carnitine plays a role in the removal of lactic acid from blood and tissues and induces a more rapid recovery to the resting value of lactate to pyruvate ratio, which is a measure of aerobic recovery.
L-carnitine is involved in the formation and utilization of ketone bodies, contributes to the activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase, and is involved in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids.
Ammonia L-carnitine has a marked protective effect against ammonia detoxification poisoning by increasing its conversion into urea, which is subsequently excreted in the urine. |
| Carnitine did inhibit increases in venous lactate concentrations while driving pyruvate oxidation for enhanced energy. In essence, L-carnitine supplementation helps to maximize efficient metabolic activity by mobilizing ATP and promoting better utilization of oxygen. A similar type of reasoning can be applied to arrhythmia, another condition of the heart that has been found to respond to our "triad" of metabolic nutrients.
Cardiac Arrhythmia
I have mentioned before that cardiac palpitations are frequent cardiac complaints. |
Bill Sardi
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| Cardiovascular Research 47:549-55, 2000; Acta Pharmacology Sin 24:703-10, 2003] Diallyl trisulfide, a breakdown product of allicin from garlic, also inhibits lactate dehydrogenase. [Biofactors 21:171-4, 2004] Querce-tin, a plant extract often obtained from onions, also inhibits production of lactic acid. [Xenobiotica 33:587-602, 2003; Physiology Chemistry Physics 7:473-5, 1975] This may be a primary reason for reported anti-cancer effects of these herbs. |
| While it is often said that bouts of fever kill off cancer cells, it is interesting to learn that fever comes and goes with malaria, which is a disease induced by a parasite that produces abundant amounts of lactate dehydrogenase. [Journal Biological Chemistry 279: 31429-31439, 2004] It is possible that remissions of cancer associated with fever actually establish competition for sugar in the body as a growth factor for tumor cells and the malaria parasite (plasmodium).
Lactic acid is not the only acidifier. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| Silibinin and silychristin demonstrated remarkable stimulatory effects on proliferation rate, biosynthesis of protein and DNA, and activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase in kidney cells (Sonnenbichler, 1999). Silibinin reduces intracellular and secreted forms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and inhibits cell growth via a Gl arrest in cell cycle progression in hormone-refractory prostate carcinomas. |
Jack Challem
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| In addition, a lack of magnesium increases blood levels of lactate, which is associated with anxiety. Take 400 to 600 mg daily of magnesium citrate or magnesium citrate malate, in divided doses with meals. If you develop loose stools, decrease the dose slightly.
GABA and L-theanine. Gamma aminobutyric acid is one of the body's key relaxing neurotransmitters. Take 500 mg one to three times daily, at least one hour prior to eating food. Consider combining it with L-theanine, which boosts the body's production of GABA. Take 200 mg of L-theanine one to three times daily with GABA.
Mellow Mood. |
Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D.
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| L-Carnitine Fumarate also blocked the production of harmful lactate and toxic fatty acids.
The Newly Updated Carnitine Family: AminoCarnitines
A new generation of carnitines has been developed based upon research and the resulting elegant chemical manufacturing technology. This amounts to a USP validated process that allows the molecular bonding of certain amino acids with certain carnitine derivatives. I will describe the various forms of carnitine to explain the reasoning that has gone into this expanding technology in this section. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| The scope of this discussion will be limited to the oral salt formulations, including carbonate, citrate, glubionate, gluconate, lactate, phosphate, and other calcium salts. (Calcium acetate, calcium chloride, calcium gluceptate, and calcium gluconate may be administered intravenously.) Because calcium salts are bound with other molecules such as oxygen and carbon, supplements often list the percentage of elemental calcium in each tablet along with the total salt weight, usually in milligrams. The table below lists common examples. |
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