J. Douglas Bremner
See book keywords and concepts |  In another study 351 women ages forty-five to fifty-five who had two or more hot-flash symptoms per day were randomly assigned to black cohosh, mul-tibotanicals, multibotanicals plus dietary soy counseling, placebo, or hormone therapy for one year. Only hormone therapy was associated with significant reductions in hot flashes. Taking dietary soy actually turned out to be less effective at stopping hot flashes than taking a placebo for one year.
Other placebo-controlled trials did not find any efficacy of soy extract for hot flashes. |
Bottom Line Health
See book keywords and concepts | | A recent study of the vaccine Theratope, used for breast cancer, did not show a positive result overall but it did show a benefit in a subgroup of women who were on hormone therapy, mostly the drug tamoxifen (Nolvadex). The median overall survival for patients on hormone therapy who also received Theratope was 36.5 months, compared with 30.7 months for those who also received the control vaccine. Further clinical trials will focus on the effectiveness of cancer vaccines in these and other subgroups. |
J. Douglas Bremner
See book keywords and concepts | | In another study 351 women ages forty-five to fifty-five who had two or more hot-flash symptoms per day were randomly assigned to black cohosh, mul-tibotanicals, multibotanicals plus dietary soy counseling, placebo, or hormone therapy for one year. Only hormone therapy was associated with significant reductions in hot flashes. Taking dietary soy actually turned out to be less effective at stopping hot flashes than taking a placebo for one year.
Other placebo-controlled trials did not find any efficacy of soy extract for hot flashes. |
Bill Sardi
See book keywords and concepts |  Many men with prostate cancer who are prescribed hormone therapy are not provided with any preventive measures to help maintain bone health. Exercise, exposure to the sun (vitamin D production), avoidance of excessive alcohol, and cessation of smoking helps to maintain bone integrity. [Cancer 103: 2042-52, 2005]
There has been a long-held belief that osteoporosis is prevented in men by testosterone and in women with estrogen. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Women who already have cardiovascular disease have a higher risk of stroke even without the use of hormone therapy. The panel concluded that no HRT regimen should be used for the primary or secondary prevention of stroke, and HRT should be particularly avoided for women who have an elevated baseline risk of stroke.
Diabetes Mellitus. Large good studies suggest that HRT reduces the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). Women in the EPT group of the WHI had a 21 percent reduction in DM or what resulted in 15 fewer cases per 10,000 women per year of hormone use. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
See book keywords and concepts |  Other women were randomized to hormone therapy (estrogen with or without progesterone), or placebo. Neither Black Cohosh nor the other herbal regimens provided any clinically meaningful relief of hot flushes. At 3, 6, and 12 months, participants taking the botanical treatments experienced the same change in hot flushes as those taking the placebo. Those taking estrogen, however, had substantially decreased vasomotor symptoms. The study involved too few people to catch possible small changes in the frequency of hot flashes (fewer than 1.5 per day) (Nelson, 2006). |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | When it comes to cardiovascular disease, I contend that ethically, practitioners using bio-identical hormone therapy must have the same benefit-risk conversation with patients as a conventional practitioner who prescribes the typical Premarin/ Provera would have. That said, in my opinion, there is enough evidence at this point that oral micronized progesterone is more cardiac friendly on lipids and coronary arteries than are the synthetic progestogens or progestin (such as Provera). | | For women on hormone therapy, adjustments in the dose may improve mental function.
Vaginal Dryness and Thinning. Vaginal dryness, vaginal thinning, and what is called atrophy are very common problems for menopausal women but usually do not become troublesome until several years after menopause. Estrogen is responsible for the thickened, elastic, lubricated tissue of the vagina and vulva (external genital area). When estrogen levels decline, the vulva loses its collagen, fat, and water-retaining ability. As a result, it becomes flattened, thin, and dry and loses tone. | | If these are not adequate, then "friendlier" hormone therapy (also bio-identical) is preferred over "less friendly" (synthetic and semisynthetic and not bio-identical) HRT. (The distinctions between the different kinds of hormones are discussed in the hormone section.) Determining the treatment approach is a combination of subjective and objective findings resulting from the medical history, physical exam, any lab or diagnostic imaging tests, and the personal perspective and values of each woman. | | Lower doses of hormone therapy are often achieved by also using black cohosh extract at the same time.
Black Cohosh
Standardized extract capsules (40 mg per capsule):
1-2 capsules twice per day Standardized liquid extract: V2-I tsp twice per day
Chaste Tree (Vitex Agnus Castus). As an herb for the management of menopausal symptoms, I believe chaste tree has been overpromoted. The fruits of chaste tree contain essential oils, irridoids, pseudoindicans, and flavonoids, and the effect of chaste tree is on the hypothalamus-hypophysis axis. |
Herbert Ross, DC with Keri Brenner, L.Ac.
See book keywords and concepts |  Whitcomb relate the following case which illustrates the powerful influence hormones have on : mood and how insomnia can be reversed with the proper balance of supplements and natural hormone therapy: :
Margaret, age 50, was nearing menopause and had irregular periods. She had sleeping difficulties and a lack of clarity in her thinking, a condition referred to as brain fog. She also suffered from success story chronic depression, for which she had been prescribed numerous antidepressants over the last 10 years. | | Many women actually eat themselves into hormonal dysfunction," says clinical nutritionist Ann Louise Gittleman, who specializes in natural hormone therapy. "They overindulge in carbohydrates and they don't get enough protein, which is needed to support the adrenal glands. They deprive themselves of needed fats and end up lacking the building blocks of the essential sex-related hormones, which derive from fats." In the effort to cut down on fats, many women don't get enough of the fats their bodies need.35 There are two principal types of EFAs required in the diet: omega-3 and omega-6. | | Julian Whitaker, easing andropause requires its own hormone therapy: testosterone replacement. Studies have shown that testosterone replacement can heighten sex drive, increase bone density, and improve mood and sleep patterns, among other effects. If you are considering testosterone replacement, the first step is a blood or saliva test to assess your current levels of the hormone, says Dr. Whitaker. If your levels are low or even average for your age, testosterone therapy can help alleviate andropause symptoms and improve overall health. | | Dietary adjustments can have a significant impact on hormone levels, especially when combined with nutritional supplements, hormone therapy, herbs, or homeopathic remedies.
Dietary Recommendations
To help rebalance the hormones, reduce consumption of refined sugar products, saturated fats, and food preservatives. Eat more fresh fruit and vegetables with a high nutrient content. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Standard Premarin'progestin hormone therapy is linked with increased risk of breast cancer, stroke, and heart attack. Side effects may also include blood clots, leg pain, vision problems, abnormal vaginal bleeding, dizziness, fluid retention, mood changes, fatigue, acne, decreased libido, and hair loss.
Nutrients depleted: Calcium, folic acid, magnesium, vitamins B2, B6, Bl2, vitamin C, and zinc.
Needed supplements:
• Calcium: 1,000-1,200 mg daily.
• Folic acid: 400-800 meg daily.
• Magnesium: 400-600 mg daily.
• Vitamin B2: 25 mg daily.
• Vitamin B6: 50 mg daily. |
Herbert Ross, DC with Keri Brenner, L.Ac.
See book keywords and concepts | | A randomized, double-blind study involving 63 postmenopausal women over a seven-month period found that hormone therapy "improved sleep quality, facilitated falling asleep, and decreased nocturnal awakenings and restlessness."7
Hormone fluctuations influence body temperature and as a result can cause insomnia indirectly because of the increased frequency of hot flashes and night sweats during perimenopause and menopause.8 In a recent study, over 81 percent of women with severe, frequent hot flashes showed signs of insomnia, including unsatisfying sleep patterns and problems falling asleep. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | In summary, the conventional practitioner's use of hormone therapy and the standard of practice these days is limited to three areas of use: menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis prevention or treatment, and vaginal or urogenital atrophic symptoms. The formulations of type, dose, and delivery have significandy increased, and it is important to work with a provider who is capable and knowledgeable about the various products. |
Bill Sardi
See book keywords and concepts | | Urology 3: 223-25, 1974] In a later study involving 50 men who were given a steroid drug and an adrenal inhibitor in addition to hormone therapy, 8 had a partial response and 17 remained stable. The men who
__I underwent both prostatic and adrenal hormone inhibition lived an average of 87.8 weeks, versus 38 weeks for men treated with estrogen alone. [American Journal Clinical Oncology 11: 579-85, 1988] In 1985, doctors wrote that adrenal hormone blockade at the time of initial therapy would prolong survival. | | Why does hormone therapy wear off? ... 171 Testosterone replacement... 172 Chemical pathway for testosterone ... 173
Brachytherapy: implantation of radioactive seeds... 174 Informed consent... 174 Timing of treatment... 176
Patient education, informed consent and decision making ... 176
Comparing doctors... 177
Screening ... 180
Symptoms of cancer or an enlarged prostate? ... 181 Detection of prostate cancer... 182 PSA testing ... 182 PSA invalid... 183
What is the accuracy of the PSA test? ... 184
Men falsely reassured they don't have prostate cancer... 185
Staging ... | | Resveratrol was found to offset the aging effects of the vaginal tissues in a superior manner to the two drugs and hormone therapy. Researchers explained that "resveratrol has the potential to be developed into drugs superior to raloxifene and tibolone in regards to prevention of vaginal changes." [Gynecology Obstetrical Investigation 60: 186-91, 2005]
Resveratrol is considered an orally available molecule that binds to estrogen entry sites on cells with an affinity 1/7000^ the strength of estrogen. So it has a very mild estrogen-like effect, which speaks for its safety. | | Journal Clinical Oncology 24: 4448-56, 2006]
Why does hormone therapy wear off?
After hormone treatment has successfully calmed PSA levels, the effect wears off. This appears to be due, in part, to the production of testosterone in the adrenal glands rather than the testes. As cited above, surgical removal of the adrenal glands results in long-term survival of prostate cancer patients. [Urology 3: 223-25, 1974] In a more recent study, the use of low-dose diethylstilbestrol plus adrenal suppression with a steroid drug (hydrocortisone, prednisone) reduces PSA levels. | | Earlier this year the authority also rejected the breast cancer drug Gemzar and the colorectal hormone therapy Erbitux on similar grounds. j
Unfortunately, none of the above drugs are a cure for cancer and would, at best, give cancer patients an additional two or three months of life. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
See book keywords and concepts | | Forty-two males with progressive prostate specific antigen (PSA) elevation with hormone therapy received 1 g Green Tea orally, mixed in warm or cold water, 6 times daily. Subjects were able to continue use of LH-releasing hormone agonist and visited their oncologist monthly for PSA measurement. After 4 months of treatment, only one patient experienced a tumor response, demonstrated by a 50% decrease in PSA level from baseline (from 229 ng/dL to 105 ng/dL). The response was not maintained beyond 2 months (Jatoi et al, 2003). | | Concomitant use of Grape Seed extract may decrease some of the negative side effects of hormone therapy in women (Henriet, 1993).
Vascular Effects: An abstract reported polymeric phenolic compounds found in Grape Seed extracts to have effects on vascular tone in vitro, which are unlikely associated with antioxidant activity (Karim et al, 1998). PCOs reduced the incidence of atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet. |
Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Auricular (ear) acupuncture has been studied in a preliminary trial and compared with standard hormone therapy for treatment of infertility. In both the acupuncture and hormone therapy groups, 15 out of 45 patients became pregnant. Although the pregnancy (page 363) rates were similar with either treatment, side effects occurred only in women taking hormones.29 Still, double-blind trials are needed to conclusively determine whether acupuncture is a useful treatment for female infertility. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
See book keywords and concepts | | These patients were treatment failures from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, or biologic response modifiers. The types of cancers in these patients were prostate, ovarian, sarcoma, renal cell, hepatocellular, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and an unknown primary adenocarcinoma (Ripple et al, 1998). Similar stabilization results were seen in a Phase 1 clinical trial of mixed solid tumors (Vigushin et al, 1998).
Antianxiety
A significant (p<0. | | Treatment of vasomotor symptoms of menopause with black cohosh, multibotanicals, soy, hormone therapy, or placebo: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med; 145 (2):869, 879. 2006.
Tyler VE. Rejuvex for postmenopausal symptoms. JAMA; 271(15): 1210. 1994
Williamson JS, Wyandt CM. Herbal therapies: The.facts and the fiction. Drug Topics; Aug 4: 78-87. 1997
Zhu DPQ. Dong Quai. Amer J Chin Med; 15(3-4): 117-125. | | The major 1-year, double-blind Herbal Alternatives to Menopause Trial (HALT) completed in September 2004 included both placebo and hormone therapy as benchmark comparison groups to compare with 3 herbal treatment groups: black cohosh 160 mg daily; multibotanical with black cohosh [200 mg daily] plus Dong Quai and eight other ingredients; and multibotanical plus dietary soy counseling. In all, 351 women 45 to 55 years of age with two or more vasomotor symptoms daily were randomized into the groups. |
Herbert Ross, DC with Keri Brenner, L.Ac.
See book keywords and concepts | | And, because saliva tests are less expensive than blood testing, you can monitor your levels more frequently to adjust your levels of any supplemental hormone therapy, or to see what effects various interventions (such as diet, exercise, herbs, stress reduction, or acupuncture) are having. (For more information on the Adrenal Stress Index saliva test, see chapter 6, page 134.)
Alternative Medicine Plan for Balancing Hormones
If your hormones are imbalanced, one of your priorities should be to detoxify your body systems of accumulated toxins. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  The Risks and Rewards of Estrogen Therapy
The reason why hormone therapy is controversial is this: The early studies of women who replaced estrogen were epidemiological—just collections of information on everyone who could be found. These studies compared postmenopausal women who did and did not take estrogen, but there was no attempt to select by a
FACTOIP randomized process who took the estrogen and who did not; it was just a side-by-side comparison. |
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