Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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 DNA Methylation, fetal development, and Cell Differentiation
DNA methylation is very important during embryogenesis and late fetal development. Although the original DNA methylation pattern is germline-specific (sperm DNA is hypermethylated compared to oocyte DNA), almost immediately after fertilization (within one to two cell divisions) there is a dramatic erasure of methylation, which continues until blastocyst implantation [89]. |
Peter h. Fraser and Harry Massey
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 The sixteen Energetic Driver fields arise from organs more or less following fetal development, with some not becoming fully functional until after birth. one first and following the numbered sequence. For example, suppose that your NES scan showed Energetic Driver 13 as the most distorted Driver, followed by Energetic Drivers 3, 1, and 14. Your practitioner recommends that you take only three Energetic Driver Infoceuticals during the protocol, choosing the most distorted: 13, 3, and 1. |
James Dowd and Diane Stafford
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 But lupus probably has its earliest origins during fetal development and/or childhood, when many scavenger cells are primed with self-evidence. At puberty, the rise in estrogen levels, combined with continued vitamin D deficiency, leads to rapid expansion of these scavenger populations primed to activate T-cells against self-evidence. Activated mature scavengers produce lots of interferon, which excites both T-cells and B-cells. It's only a matter of time i i it; viiaiiiii i i-/ uuic iu wpuu i iuui imiiiiu! |
Dr. Steve Blake
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 Enables fetal development.
(c) Enables cell differentiation.
(d) All of the above.
32. The type of vitamin A NOT associated with toxicity is:
(a) Beta-carotene supplements.
(b) Beta-carotene in food.
(c) Vitamin A in liver.
(d) Supplements of vitamin A.
33. To prevent osteoporosis in older people:
(a) Keep vitamin A in the diet and supplements at a minimum.
(b) Eat the RDA of vitamin A in food.
(c) Take double the RDA of vitamin A in supplement form.
(d) Take vitamin A only in the form of retinoic acid.
34. Calcidiol is:
(a) Stored in the liver.
(b) The active form of vitamin D. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 Essential fatty acids have a unique role during pregnancy because of the rapid cell growth and development of new tissues and new organ systems in a developing fetus. fetal development is associated with a high EFA requirement, and this supply is dependent on the amount and availability of EFAs from the mother. Infants born of mothers with low DHA levels have shorter attention spans,91 and this may have long-term effects on future learning, development, and performance. |
Dr. Steven R. Gundry
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 There is also considerable evidence that the nausea common in early pregnancy is a protective mechanism to prevent women from consuming too many plant compounds during the early months of fetal development, when critical cells and organs are being formed.7 As a congenital heart surgeon, I know that all organs are fully formed two and one-half months into pregnancy. Isn't it amazing that most of the nausea of pregnancy suddenly resolves at about ten weeks' gestation? Coincidence? No, our autopilot is merely protecting the next generation of genes from plant toxins. |
Jeffrey M. Smith
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 Switching on genes at random may produce toxins, carcinogens, allergens, antinutrients, enzymes that stimulate or inhibit hormone production, RNA that silences genes, or changes that will affect fetal development. In many experimental GM crops, the insertion sites have been mapped and scientists can speculate whether the foreign promoter may be impacting a dangerous gene in the host DNA. But with commercialized GM crops, no studies have actually looked at this potentially lethal problem. |
Peter h. Fraser and Harry Massey
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| Bioenergetic studies have revealed that during prenatal development, the fetal nervous system produces low-frequency sounds, which are likely imprinting information that is crucial to the continued development of the growing fetus. As fetal development nears completion and soon after the baby's birth, its nervous system becomes heavily dependent on electrical-chemical signals, such as those that produce the different types of brain waves (alpha, beta, theta, and delta). This Driver field showed particularly strong bioenergetic correlation to low-frequency brain waves. |
| Each major organ or organ system—the heart, nervous system, liver, thyroid, skin, and so on—produces its own energy and information Driver field, starting as the organ forms and begins to function during fetal development or soon after birth. If a Driver field weakens, then the organ system itself becomes compromised.
You can think of these sixteen Driver fields as imparting a kind of constitutional energy to each organ. When we think of people as being hearty or vigorous, full of enthusiasm and energy, we say they have a "good constitution. |
Dr. Steve Blake
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| Vitamin A in the form of retinoic acid is essential for fetal development. Retinoic acid is needed for the formation of the heart, eyes, limbs, and ears of the growing fetus. Not only that, but retinoic acid is used to regulate the expression of the gene for growth hormone. Without sufficient retinoic acid, growth hormone may be limited in the developing fetus.
Millions of red blood cells are made in the body every second. Red blood cells are derived from precursor cells called stem cells. These stem cells are dependent on vitamin A for normal differentiation into red blood cells. |
Peter h. Fraser and Harry Massey
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| Energetic Drivers: Fields that arise from organs and organ systems according to fetal development. The powerhouses of the body-field. There are sixteen individual Driver fields, which together power the full body-field. If a Driver field weakens, then the organ system itself becomes compromised.
Energetic Integrators: Information structures in the body-field that, like meridians in the body, regulate specific physiological processes. |
Mark Sircus
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 They are active in both cell fluids and membranes, they have no serious side effects, are non-carcinogenic and do not interfere with fetal development.
ALA is the oxidized form of dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). LA contains two thiol (sulfur) groups, which may be oxidized or reduced. o
OH
ALA (Oxidized)
O
OH
Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). (Reduced)
Patrick goes on to say, "ALA has been shown to increase both intra-and extracellular levels of glutathione in cell cultures, human erythrocytes, glial cells, and peripheral blood lymphocytes. |
Ron Garner
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 It is now understood that cells can rewrite existing gene programs that had been created mostly from our perceptions and beliefs during fetal development and early childhood. Dr. Lipton explains that during this period, we are mostly in the hypnotic states of theta and delta consciousness. This is our main period of subconscious programming, similar to the programming of the hard drive of a computer.19 This is the stored source of the negative emotional charge many of us have and carry into our adult lives. |
Jeffrey M. Smith
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| Increased herbicide residues associated with GM crops might cause endocrine disruption or toxic effects in fetal development. (See section 6.)
• One of the few intergenerational studies reported more than a sixfold increase (55.6% vs 9%) in offspring mortality within three weeks. (See section 1.14.)
The vulnerability of the unborn and the lack of regulatory safeguards were highlighted in a January 2006 report issued by the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Inspector General. |
| GM crops may contain substances that impact normal fetal development, but have never been adequately tested for these effects.
Pregnant mothers eating GM foods may endanger offspring
Embryo development may be highly sensitive to changes in the diet due to GM foods, but almost no intergenerational feeding studies have been conducted. According to an article in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews, "Embryogenesis is an exquisitely fine-tuned process controlled by ultra-low levels of small molecules, such as steroids and retinoids. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 In order to coax the nerves to grow out into the paralyzed legs, Kerr had to introduce two last chemicals into his nerve-regenerating cocktail: chemicals that told the myelinated axons that these newly birthed nerves were exactly the same as those that wire the body during fetal development. Now, says Kerr, "We got wild growth of myelin. We looked at this in our lab animals to see whether axons could now grow out of the spinal cord and we found that they did." Check off step three. |
| Kerr hoped that once the newly developing peripheral nerves were free to move out into the limbs, they would know what to do—they might even, he hoped, regrow along the exact same channels that they do in original fetal development, allowing the repair to happen of its own accord, as if from memory. That, however, turned out to be far from the case. The axons did not grow where they needed to—instead they wandered around aimlessly. They seemed to be struggling to find out where to go, choosing one path and then another fruitlessly, only to give up and ultimately stop growing altogether. |
| Kerr applied a particular molecule that other researchers have found acts as just this sort of signpost during fetal development to the area where he wanted the newly growing axonal nerve to go. When the axonal nerve detects that particular molecule—known as GDNF—it is attracted to it and grows toward it. GDNF binds to a receptor that's on the surface of the axon—and when it does, it turns on the neuron so that it continues growing in that direction.
Once those signposts were placed like bait in the paralyzed rat's muscle, the axon started to get highly motivated. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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| There is a growing body of evidence about the importance of omega-3 fats for human health and development, not the least of which starts with infant exposure during fetal development. Doca-hexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important component of phospholipids in the central nervous system and is found in high amounts in the retina, about 25 percent. DHA makes up 12 to 20 percent of the fatty acids in the gray matter of the cortex of the brain and in the brain stem. Inadequate intake of omega-3s has significant implications for both mother and infant. |
Peter h. Fraser and Harry Massey
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| The heart produces myriad sounds (phonons) and various kinds of waves, from pressure (sound and vibrational) waves to electromagnetic waves, that help direct fetal development. In fact, other major systems of the body, such as the connective tissue matrix and the nervous system, imprint information, but the heart is a primary imprinter of information bodywide.
Of course, once the fetal brain develops, it works in concert with the heart to direct development. It is interesting to note that Peter's matching experiments have shown that the heart has the same energy type as the midbrain. |
Dr. Sharon Moalem
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 In each of these cases—the vole, the water flea, the locust, and the lizard—the characteristics of offspring are controlled by epigenetic effects that occur during fetal development. The DNA doesn't change—but the way it's expressed does. This phenomenon—the mother's experiences influencing gene expression in her offspring—is called a predictive adaptive response or maternal effect. imagine the implications of this for humans. By sending the right epigenetic signals, we can have healthier, smarter, better-adapted babies. |
James Dowd and Diane Stafford
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| Pregnant women have a special need for folic acid because it's key to fetal development and nervous system functioning. The same goes for women who are planning pregnancies.
Vitamins B3 (Niacin), B6, B12
Niacin and vitamins B6 and B12 help to prevent cardiovascular disease by lowering homocysteine levels and raising HDL (good) cholesterol. They are also important for nervous system functioning.
These vitamins are most abundant in lean, fresh animal meats, including seafood. Refined grains don't contain many of these nutrients, but most Americans think they do. |
| You experience the most impact from vitamin D deficiency and lifestyle at conception and during fetal development, so a significant part of the risk for developing metabolic syndrome occurs in the uterus when the fetus is growing. Specifically, Dr. David Barker of Oregon Health Sciences University has shown that nutritional stress at this early stage of development can permanently change our risk for these diseases. Animal studies confirm that inadequate fetal nutrition affects the development of the liver, pancreas, brain, kidneys, bones, and muscles. |
| This information suggests that vitamin D and diet play important roles in fetal development and future risk for metabolic syndrome.
If you are born with risk for metabolic syndrome, this dicey heritage may be carried to fruition if you fail to get enough sun or physical activity and you take in too many of the taboo foods: grains, cheese, and salt.
Large-population studies in the United States and Norway tell us that people who fail to get enough vitamin D will increase their chances of having high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes. |
| If implemented during fetal development and through early childhood, the Vitamin D Cure is likely to reduce the risk of schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and dementia.
11
The Vitamin D Cure to Optimize Your Immune System hen you're born, if things go well, your immune system will soak up the information it needs to do its three main jobs:
1. Protect you from viral, bacterial, and fungal infections
2. Repair damaged and deteriorating tissue
3. |
| During fetal development and childhood, vitamin D works in conjunction with growth hormone and sex steroids to build structurally sound bone. During adulthood, vitamin D regulates a balancing act between bone forma-
163 tion and bone breakdown. Vitamin D during child development is a bone-former, but in adults, it's a bone-turnover regulator. Here are some vitamin D facts:
?You need vitamin D to heighten your muscle mass, strength, and coordination.
?You need vitamin D so your teeth will develop normally and stay healthy.
?Having sufficient vitamin D will reduce your calcium needs. |
Jeffrey M. Smith
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| Infants or fetal development may be impacted with smaller doses. According to Yoichiro Kuroda, the principal investigator in the Japanese project entitled "Effects of Endocrine Disrupters on the Developing Brain," glufosinate is like a "mock neurotransmitter" and disturbs gene functions that regulate brain development.15 Exposure of a baby or embryo to the chemical can affect behavior.16
When mouse embryos were exposed, it resulted in growth retardation, increased death rates, incomplete development of the forebrain, and cleft lips,17 as well as death of brain cells. |
Dr. Sharon Moalem
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| The current focus in human epigenetics is on fetal development. It's now clear that the first few days after conception—when a mother may not even know she's pregnant—are even more critical than we've understood. That's when many important genes are switched on or off. And the earlier that epigenetic signals are transmitted, the more significant the potential changes are in the fetus. (In some ways, the womb may be like a tiny evolutionary laboratory, examining new traits to see whether they'll help the fetus survive and thrive; if they won't, the mother miscarries. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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| These nutrients are key to fetal development because of their involvement in multiple systems: enzyme, gene transcription, and transport. Folate insufficiency, mentioned earlier in the etiology of spina bifida and cleft lip and palate, has also been implicated in the etiology of limb and heart abnormalities and Down syndrome [36]. Severe zinc deficiency has been linked to intrauterine growth retardation and teratogenesis; mild to moderate deficiency has been associated with congenital malformations, LBW, and preterm delivery [37]. |
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