Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 For example, overweight people may—at least in the beginning—have very nonresistant fat cells. In fact, far from being resistant to its siren call, their fat cells may just love insulin and sugar. Their muscle cells may refuse to take any more sugar, but the fat cells say, "Hey, bring it on!" These fat cells are said to be insulin sensitive.
And guess what? The ovaries also tend to remain insulin sensitive. |
Craig Pepin-Donat
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 Overstuffed fat cells do not simply melt away during physical activity, nor are the fat cells that you already have ever reduced in numbers. The only thing you can do is to reduce the amount of stored fat in your existing fat cells. During optimal conditions created through slow and continuous aerobic activity for no less than approximately 20 to 30 minutes, your body triggers the break down of stored fat from within your fat cells into fatty acids which your body then carries through your bloodstream to cells that need the fuel for energy. Thus the term "burning fat. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| In fact, far from being resistant to its siren call, their fat cells may just love insulin and sugar. Their muscle cells may refuse to take any more sugar, but the fat cells say, "Hey, bring it on!" These fat cells are said to be insulin sensitive.
And guess what? The ovaries also tend to remain insulin sensitive. |
Jack Challem
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 In recent animal experiments, docosa-hexaenoic acid (DHA), one of the key omega-3 fats, blocked the formation of fat cells while promoting the breakdown of existing fat cells. Try 1,000 to 3,000 mg daily of omega-3 fish oils or 500 to 1,000 mg daily of DHA.
Vitamin C. People need this vitamin to make carnitine, a substance that helps to transport fat into cells, where it is burned for energy. Without enough vitamin C, carnitine production slows. One of the most common signs of low vitamin C intake is fatigue, mainly because the body cannot make enough carnitine. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| Their muscle cells may refuse to take any more sugar, but the fat cells say, "Hey, bring it on!" These fat cells are said to be insulin sensitive.
And guess what? The ovaries also tend to remain insulin sensitive. That means that if there's a genetic predisposition for the ovaries to overproduce androgen hormones—as there is with women who have PCOS—the excess insulin that's sent into the bloodstream to deal with the excess sugar winds up bathing these nonresistant tissues in an ocean of insulin that's way too much for their needs. |
Wendy Bazilian, DRPH, MA, RD, Steven Pratt, MD, Kathy Matthews
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 In general, the more fat cells you have and the fatter those cells become, the more of these substances they can pump into your bloodstream. These enlarged fat cells that you have due to excess weight secrete the aforementioned substances into the blood at levels that ultimately begin to damage the circulatory system and impair blood flow. This impairment can ultimately lead to developing diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and even certain types of cancer. |
Tom Bohager
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 There they are rebuilt from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells, among other functions. fat cells synthesize and store triglycerides.
There are two types of triglycerides: medium chain triglycerides (MCT) and long chain triglycerides (LCT). The body uses these two types of triglycerides very differently. Research has indicated that MCTs do not promote weight gain and burn energy rapidly, promoting both weight loss and the burning of LCTs. |
Craig Pepin-Donat
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| The only thing you can do is to reduce the amount of stored fat in your existing fat cells. During optimal conditions created through slow and continuous aerobic activity for no less than approximately 20 to 30 minutes, your body triggers the break down of stored fat from within your fat cells into fatty acids which your body then carries through your bloodstream to cells that need the fuel for energy. Thus the term "burning fat. |
James Dowd and Diane Stafford
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 Furthermore, diet and fat cells are the sources of this inflammation, and clear links between inflammation and low vitamin D levels have been shown.
Saturated fat from foods such as cheese and processed meats increase the production of inflammatory substances. fat cells are biologically active; they don't just store energy, they produce hormones and molecules that affect metabolism and promote inflammation. Vitamin D may counteract this inflammation. |
Kevin Trudeau
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 The poison in aspartame stores in the fat cells, particularly in the hips and thighs. When the poison stores in the fat cells, the fat cells need to dilute the poison by retaining fluid. This is why people who drink lots of diet sodas have bigger hips and thighs. Aspartame is also extremely dangerous for diabetics because it drives the blood sugar out of control. This also causes the body to convert food to fat much more easily. Children, pregnant women, and diabetics are especially at risk for neurological disorders and should never be given artificial sweeteners, particularly aspartame. |
Russell L. Blaylock, M.D.
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 In addition, DHA has been shown to reduce the number of fat cells, especially stomach fat, the very same fat that causes Metabolic Syndrome.
We also know that abdominal fat releases a special set of inflammatory cytokines (called adipokines) that result in hypertension, diabetes, and abnormal lipids in the blood (the Metabolic Syndrome). While CLA will reduce the excess fat from the fat cells, DHA actually reduces the number of fat cells, which is much better.617 Combined, CLA and DHA offer a powerful weapon against excess abdominal fat and so the Metabolic Syndrome. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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 It is suggested that these substances inhibited epinephrine-induced lipolysis and stimulated insulin-mediated lipogenesis from glucose in fat cells (Takaku et al, 1990).
Infertility Effects: The saponin fraction of Panax ginseng enhanced sperm motility and progression at the 1-hour and 2-hour mark. Statistically significant results were obtained at both time intervals for sperm motility and at the 1 -hour mark for sperm progression (p at least 0.05). Further study to evaluate the clinical significance of these results was suggested by the investigators (Chen et al, 1998). |
Michael T. Murray
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 Also important is that the increase in the number and size of fat cells leads to reduced secretion of compounds that promote insulin action, including a novel protein produced by fat cells known as adiponectin. Adiponectin not only is associated with improved insulin sensitivity, it also has antiinflammatory activity, lowers triglycerides, and blocks the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). |
Connie Bennett, C.H.H.C. with Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D.
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 It also stimulates the production of leptin by the body's fat cells. Over the long term, leptin helps to suppress appetite, regulate food intake, and burn fat.)
In addition, as this study and others indicate, "when fructose is ingested, it goes directly to the liver, where it is more prone than glucose to being metabolized and converted into fat and, therefore, raises triglyceride levels for many hours after consumption," Dr. Havel says.
Still other studies have shown that long-term fructose consumption can raise LDL (bad cholesterol) levels. "All of these results," Dr. |
| If your cells are resistant to insulin, then the carbs are shuttled into the fat cells, leading to an ongoing cycle of weight gain."
Normally after you eat any kind of carbs (refined or whole), your blood sugar returns to a fairly standard range, points out Dr. Pescatore. "But when you overeat or eat too much sugar and simple carbs, your blood ranges get all screwed up. Insulin is forced to do its work too well and so you end up with a blood sugar disorder. |
Wendy Bazilian, DRPH, MA, RD, Steven Pratt, MD, Kathy Matthews
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| These enlarged fat cells that you have due to excess weight secrete the aforementioned substances into the blood at levels that ultimately begin to damage the circulatory system and impair blood flow. This impairment can ultimately lead to developing diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and even certain types of cancer. |
| Additional research in animals and humans has shown that higher-calcium diets promote fat breakdown, inhibit the creation of new fat cells and fat storage, and may even preserve metabolism during calorie-reduced diets, which could potentially speed up weight and fat loss.25
Why would calcium have such an effect on weight? One possible reason is the relationship between calcium and your body's energy metabolism. Low calcium levels stimulate production of a hormone—parathyroid hormone or PTH. |
| Glucagon also helps slow the production of enzymes that are involved in making more fat cells.44 We know from animal studies that soy protein can reduce body fat accumulation and improve insulin sensitivity.45
There's yet one more emerging area of study on soy that points to the possibility that it could play a role in promoting weight loss. In a study of rats, researchers found that soy isoflavones actually played a role in reducing inflammation, a condition that we've looked at as playing a role in exacerbating obesity and weight gain. |
| In another study with mice, leucine seemed to affect energy storage, reducing storage in the fat cells and favoring fatty acid utilization (using fat for fuel) by the muscle cells.52 Clearly, if you're trying to lose weight you don't want to store much energy but instead burn it efficiently as fuel. Healthy, lean protein sources that provide important amino acids help you do just that. |
Cynthia A. Foster, M.D.
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 The research shows that there are a certain number of fat cells made in the beginning years of life, and for the rest of a person's life, those fat cells just get bigger. If a person starts off with a larger number of fat cells, say because they get fat in the first few years of life, then they have a lot more fat cells to fill up during their lifetime. A good reason not to feed cow's milk to human infants.
It seemed like they all should have been on breast milk. |
Bradley J. Willcox, M.D., D. Craig Willcox, Ph.D., Makoto Suzuki, M.D.
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 For exampie, fat cells secrete hormones such as leptin, which helps regulate appetite and helps tell your body how much energy to burn. fat cells respond to hormones such as insulin that tell them to store fat. They also send signals to genes that control uncoupling proteins, which tell mitochondria (the cell's energy furnaces) how much of your calorie intake should be burned off as heat, how much should be stored as fat, or how much to use ASAP. fat cells even produce estrogen. In fact, after menopause, body fat becomes the major source of a woman's estrogen. |
Patrick Holford
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 If you strictly avoid dietary sources of saturated fat and eat only sources of essential oils, fat cells decongest and become softer. The body takes in many toxins, for example, pesticide residues, which are hard to get rid of. These are dumped in fat cells to keep them away from vital organs. Hard fat and fat-based toxins can be eliminated by improving the circulation. Circulation to and from fat cells is stimulated by high water content, while lymphatic drainage is achieved by massage, movement, exercise, and skin brushing. |
Bradley J. Willcox, M.D., D. Craig Willcox, Ph.D., Makoto Suzuki, M.D.
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| For exampie, fat cells secrete hormones such as leptin, which helps regulate appetite and helps tell your body how much energy to burn. fat cells respond to hormones such as insulin that tell them to store fat. They also send signals to genes that control uncoupling proteins, which tell mitochondria (the cell's energy furnaces) how much of your calorie intake should be burned off as heat, how much should be stored as fat, or how much to use ASAP. fat cells even produce estrogen. In fact, after menopause, body fat becomes the major source of a woman's estrogen. |
Kevin Trudeau
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| When the poison stores in the fat cells, the fat cells need to dilute the poison by retaining fluid. This is why people who drink lots of diet sodas have bigger hips and thighs. Aspartame is also extremely dangerous for diabetics because it drives the blood sugar out of control. This also causes the body to convert food to fat much more easily. Children, pregnant women, and diabetics are especially at risk for neurological disorders and should never be given artificial sweeteners, particularly aspartame.
Somebody will ask, "Why isn't something being done about this? |
Michael T. Murray
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| Also important is that the increase in the number and size of fat cells leads to reduced secretion of compounds that promote insulin action, including a novel protein produced by fat cells known as adiponectin. Adiponectin not only is associated with improved insulin sensitivity, it also has antiinflammatory activity, lowers triglycerides, and blocks the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). |
J. Douglas Bremner
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 Glitazones actually create fat cells, which may be part of the way they increase weight. Glitazones also cause fluid buildup, a side effect that is at least twice as common when given with insulin, which probably explains why the insulin-glitazone combination has been banned in Europe. For instance, in the Rosiglitazone Clinical Trial, 319 patients with type 2 diabetes were treated with insulin and placebo or with insulin plus rosiglitazone for twenty-six weeks. Of those patients on high-dose rosiglitazone 16% had edema (fluid buildup) vs. |
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