Andreas Moritz
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 The study, which is being considered the most thorough analysis of farmed and wild salmon to-date, found in most cases that consuming more than one serving of farmed salmon per month could pose unacceptable cancer risks. These standards for determining safe fish consumption levels are according to United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). farmed salmon were found to have up to 10 times higher levels of PCBs and dioxins than wild salmon. farmed salmon are frequently fed antibiotics, which contribute to the growth of drug-resistant bacteria. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 On average, farmed salmon have sixteen times the dioxinlike PCBs found in wild salmon, four times the levels in beef, and 3.4 times the levels in other seafood.
American consumers nationwide are exposed to elevated PCB levels by eating farmed salmon.
So to get the real benefits of this amazing fish, you really have to go for the wild variety. I've gotten in the habit of asking at restaurants, "Is it wild?" If it's not, I don't order it. It may take some effort to find the wild Alaskan variety, but it's totally worth it. |
| Wild and farmed salmon are two very different animals.
So this entry really has two parts. One has to do with the wonders of wild salmon and why you should eat it. The second has to do with why you should try to avoid eating farmed salmon and why you should not confuse the two. Remember, you can use theword "pets" to describe both cats and dogs, but that doesn't mean they're the same creature. And so it is with salmon. Read on. |
Andreas Moritz
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| These standards for determining safe fish consumption levels are according to United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). farmed salmon were found to have up to 10 times higher levels of PCBs and dioxins than wild salmon. farmed salmon are frequently fed antibiotics, which contribute to the growth of drug-resistant bacteria. In addition, chemical are often added to their food to color their flesh pink to resemble their wild cousins. Otherwise, they would remain an unappetizing grayish-brown color. |
| Specifically, tests on farmed salmon uncovered high levels of toxins linked to cancer and birth defects. These findings recently triggered a "scare-mongering" row as other experts insisted salmon was safe to eat regularly—and important for a healthy diet. A study released in the journal, Environmental Science & Technology, found much higher levels of some chemicals in farmed salmon compared with wild salmon. |
| Farmed salmon were found to have up to 10 times higher levels of PCBs and dioxins than wild salmon. farmed salmon are frequently fed antibiotics, which contribute to the growth of drug-resistant bacteria. In addition, chemical are often added to their food to color their flesh pink to resemble their wild cousins. Otherwise, they would remain an unappetizing grayish-brown color.
Sales have increased up to 15 percent a year as more people eat oily fish to prevent heart attacks, or so they are made to believe. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| PCB-contaminated protein source in the U.S. food supply. On average, farmed salmon have sixteen times the dioxinlike PCBs found in wild salmon, four times the levels in beef, and 3.4 times the levels in other seafood.
American consumers nationwide are exposed to elevated PCB levels by eating farmed salmon.
So to get the real benefits of this amazing fish, you really have to go for the wild variety. I've gotten in the habit of asking at restaurants, "Is it wild?" If it's not, I don't order it. It may take some effort to find the wild Alaskan variety, but it's totally worth it. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 Avoid farmed salmon, which has a high PCB content, and high-mercury fish such as king mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, shark, swordfish, tilefish, and tuna. Essential fatty acids are also available in omega-3 rich eggs and flaxseed, as well as in supplement form. A growing number of studies show omega-3 to be beneficial in the prevention and management of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. |
David Steinman
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 Having analyzed over 2 metric tons of farmed and wild salmon from around the world for organochlorine contaminants, we show that concentrations of these contaminants are significandy higher in farmed salmon than in wild," said the article. "European-raised salmon have significantly greater contaminant loads than those raised in North and South America. . . . Risk analysis indicates that consumption of farmed Atlantic salmon may pose health risks that detract from the beneficial effects of fish consumption. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| American consumers nationwide are exposed to elevated PCB levels by eating farmed salmon.
So to get the real benefits of this amazing fish, you really have to go for the wild variety. I've gotten in the habit of asking at restaurants, "Is it wild?" If it's not, I don't order it. It may take some effort to find the wild Alaskan variety, but it's totally worth it.
Salmon is not only a superb source of omega-3 fats, but it's also a great source of high-quality protein. |
| Steve Sinatra mentioned astaxanthin as one of his reasons for including wild salmon on his top ten list, see page 186). But farmed salmon don't get to eat krill and shrimp. They get their color a completely different way. Farmers are able to pick out the color of their salmon from a color wheel that looks exactly like the ones you see in the paint section of Home Depot. I'm not making this up— I've seen it. It's called the SalmoFan, and it's an actual fanned salmon color wheel where you can choose the shade of red or pink you'd like your "product" to be. |
The Editors of FC&A
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| Most supermarkets sell farmed salmon, which is much cheaper and available year-round. But recent studies have found that farmed salmon has less omega-3 and more toxins than wild salmon.
You can also find omega-3 in wal-Try walnut oil for salad nuts, which have repeatedly been dressings, cooking, shown to lower cholesterol. Other of omega-3, but save some applause for the next act. Monounsaturated fat is no slouch, either. It lowers your bad LDL cholesterol while protecting your good HDL cholesterol. |
David Steinman
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| In a 2005 study reported in Environmental Health Perspectives, several of the same researchers from the Science study added this further caveat: "Consumption of farmed salmon at relatively low frequencies results in elevated exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds with commensurate elevation in estimates of health risk. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
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| Several studies have also shown that farmed salmon accumulate more cancer-causing pesticide residues than wild salmon. However, these studies fail to make a strong case that eating farm-raised fish poses a significant safety concern. To ensure the safety of the food supply, the FDA has studied PCBs and set limits for tolerable levels that are not associated with risks to human health. For fish, the tolerable level of PCBs is millionths of a gram (parts per million, or ppm). At 0.056 part per million, the level of PCBs found in farmed salmon is still V35 the unsafe level of 2.0 ppm. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| The second has to do with why you should try to avoid eating farmed salmon and why you should not confuse the two. Remember, you can use theword "pets" to describe both cats and dogs, but that doesn't mean they're the same creature. And so it is with salmon. Read on.
Salmon is one of the healthiest foods you can eat, and one of the main reasons is that it's chock full of a particular kind of fat that has more health benefits than almost any other single food on the planet. |
John Robbins
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 But the enclosures in which farmed salmon are usually kept are net pens, and they are notorious for being torn by waves or by hungry wild fish.
How often do farmed salmon escape? Routinely, sometimes by the tens of thousands. Almost 1 million farmed salmon escape annually in Norway alone. In fact, in some parts of Norway today, there are five times as many escaped farmed salmon living in the wild as there are wild salmon. |
David W. Grotto, RD, LDN
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 Salmon gain these carotenoids through their diets; wild salmon eat krill and tiny shellfish and farmed salmon get them from their feed. Astaxanthin is a natural antioxidant that is used as a coloring agent to give farm-raised salmon their namesake color, otherwise they would look somewhat gray. Salmon also contains important minerals including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, magnesium, selenium, and zinc.
ANOTHER FISHY STORY? Wild or farmed? Will the most nutritious version please raise their fin? Farm-raised get less exercise than wild salmon so they tend to be more fatty. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
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| There is also concern about some of the synthetic carotenes being used to color farmed salmon. In the wild, salmon absorb carotenes from eating pink krill. On the aqua farm, their rich pink hue is supplied by either synthetic as-taxanthin or natural astaxanthin derived from algae or krill. Without the help of supplemental astaxanthin, the flesh of farmed salmon would look similar in color to that of halibut. |
Ron Garner
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 To make them grow faster and larger, their diet includes growth hormones. farmed salmon are fed pink dye to colour their flesh. In addition, these chemically-laden farms are devastating surrounding sea life, causing deadly water pollution and ruining the land on which the seafood farms are set up, with the consequent ruination of fishermen and farmers who depended on these areas for their livelihood.14
When we eat these animal and seafood products, antibiotics, and growth hormones and chemicals, end up in our body systems. Over time, bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
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| And while farmed salmon also provide high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, the benefits from these fats are somewhat offset by a higher content of omega-6 fatty acids.
HEALTH BENEFITS
Fish, particularly cold-water fish such as salmon, have been shown to be very beneficial for protecting against heart disease, Alzheimer's disease, and many forms of cancer (see page 527). In terms of health benefits, salmon is one of the most highly valued fish because of its exceptionally high content of omega-3 fatty acids. |
The Editors of FC&A
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| But recent studies have found that farmed salmon has less omega-3 and more toxins than wild salmon.
You can also find omega-3 in wal-Try walnut oil for salad nuts, which have repeatedly been dressings, cooking, shown to lower cholesterol. Other of omega-3, but save some applause for the next act. Monounsaturated fat is no slouch, either. It lowers your bad LDL cholesterol while protecting your good HDL cholesterol.
Olive oil, a great source of monounsaturated fat, has been shown to lower cholesterol and blood pressure and modify the effects of inflammation. |
Jacky Law
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 There are concerns about pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics, genetically-modified food, mobile phones, microwaves, amalgam fillings, falling sperm counts, mad cows, MMR - even milk. farmed salmon is a Trojan Horse for carcinogens. Obesity and diabetes are on the march. There is a mass of documentation on all this. So what is the European Commission's big idea? 'Let's clamp down on vitamins and minerals.' It would be funny if it weren't so tragic. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
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 In a major study reported in the journal Science, increased levels of cancer-causing PCBs were found in farmed salmon as compared with wild-caught fish.
Q See fasting in Part Three, and follow the program.
Q A green drink that is a good master cleanser combines the juice of 2 organic lemons, 2 tablespoons pure grade-C maple syrup, V4 teaspoon cayenne pepper, 1 ounce fresh wheatgrass juice, and 1 quart of distilled water. If fresh wheatgrass is not available, powdered Sweet Wheat from Sweet Wheat, Inc. is a good substitute. |
Alex Steffen
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 Fin fish farming in coastal waters can be more problematic. farmed salmon, raised by the thousands in net pens, produce a corresponding load of water-polluting feces. Diseases can spread quickly through the crowded pens. Antibiotics used to treat these diseases can then leak out into the water, where they can help disease-resistant organisms develop. And it all adds up to less-than-healthy salmon steaks on your plate.
Many researchers and environmentalists believe that the solution lies in removing fish farms from areas bordering wild waters. Although Dr. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
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| However, of potentially greater concern is the effect that farmed salmon escaping into the wild may have on the gene pool of wild salmon. Biologists fear that these invaders will outcom-pete Pacific salmon and trout for food and territory, hastening the demise of the wild fish. An Atlantic salmon takeover could knock nature's balance out of whack and turn a healthy, diverse marine habitat into one dominated by a single invasive species.
Recently, some large commercial farms have begun seeking U.S. |
| Without the help of supplemental astaxanthin, the flesh of farmed salmon would look similar in color to that of halibut.
While there appears to be no harm with as-taxanthin, there does appear to be some risk with using the synthetic carotene canthaxan-thin, as this compound was linked to retinal damage in people taking it as a sunless tanning pill. Although no government has banned can-thaxanthin from fish feed, most salmon growers are now using astaxanthin instead. |
Mary G. Enig
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 I avoid buying farmed salmon because I don't care for the way it looks with the wide stripes of white fat or whatever it is, and had planned to find out what was going on but have been too busy. The fat composition would reflect the oil meal (soybean, or other) that is fed. I understand from colleagues that a major problem is that the color of the farmed salmon does not live up to the wild salmon, and the fish are fed some color compounds to make the flesh turn orange. The amount of farmed salmon is so high, that you probably get that type in canned products and restaurants these days. |
by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D.
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| PCBs found in farmed salmon is still V35 the unsafe level of 2.0 ppm.
The reason that farm-raised fish have higher levels of pesticides appears to be the type of feed they are given. Farmed fish are given feed pellets that are most often made from fish meal and fish oil—extracted from sardines, anchovies, and other ground-up fish. Pesticides, including those now outlawed in the United States, have circulated into the ocean, where they are absorbed by marine life and accumulate in their fat. |
John Robbins
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| How often do farmed salmon escape? Routinely, sometimes by the tens of thousands. Almost 1 million farmed salmon escape annually in Norway alone. In fact, in some parts of Norway today, there are five times as many escaped farmed salmon living in the wild as there are wild salmon.12
Meanwhile, one company that had engineered Chinook salmon that could grow up to 550 pounds was forced to suspend its research after leaked secret papers revealed that deformed heads and other severe abnormalities had occurred during the breeding program.1 |
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