Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 The consequent reduction in peristaltic movement causes food to pass more slowly through the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines to the rectum, inducing gas and constipation. Heartburn can be caused by the softening of the muscular valve between the esophagus and the stomach so that partially digested, acidic food may leak back up into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest. Heartburn and constipation are generally experienced in the later stages of pregnancy. |
J. Douglas Bremner
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 Gastroesophageal reflux disease is caused by reflux of acid from the stomach into the esophagus. It is accompanied by symptoms of heartburn (burning pain in the chest under the breastbone) or acid reflux, especially after eating, is more frequent at night, and is relieved by antacids. Other symptoms include belching, regurgitation of food, nausea, vomiting, hoarseness, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and cough. Untreated, it can increase the risk of cancer of the esophagus. Dyspepsia is a general term for stomach upset that occurs after meals and may or may not be due to GERD. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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| Heartburn can be caused by the softening of the muscular valve between the esophagus and the stomach so that partially digested, acidic food may leak back up into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest. Heartburn and constipation are generally experienced in the later stages of pregnancy.
Susun Weed140 and Rosemary Gladstar145 emphasize eating small meals frequently, chewing food carefully, and avoiding acid-causing and greasy foods. |
Tom Bohager
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 The purpose of the LES is to prevent gastric contents from backing up into the esophagus. Normally, the LES creates pressure, closing the lower end of the esophagus, but relaxes after each swallow to allow food into the stomach. Reflux occurs when the pressure within the stomach exceeds LES pressure; it does not occur because there is too much acid in the stomach. It most often occurs as a result of overeating, stress, allergies, eating certain irritative foods, pregnancy, ulcers, or gallbladder problems. (See also hiatal hernia. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
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 Not through gravity or little food-carrying gremlins but through a process called peristalsis—a rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle in your gut that moves the lump of food (the bolus) down through the esophagus and into the intestines. (The gut, by the way, is what docs term the totality of tubes from your mouth through your esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, and rectum.) For up to 75 percent of people, peristalsis slows with age. |
Jack Challem
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 Untreated, chronic heartburn and GERD can develop into Barrett's esophagus, a precancerous condition, and nighttime heartburn is particularly damaging to the esophagus. But conventional acid-suppressing drugs carry their own risks. Regularly using any type of acid-suppressing drug almost doubles your risk of contracting pneumonia. The reason may be related to a suppression of gut bacteria, which help to protect against infection. People who use Prilosec, Nexium, and other types of acid-reducing drugs are more likely to experience hip fractures. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 Step One: It Starts with Food
The first thing you want to do is eliminate known triggers that cause the LES to pop open inappropriately (allowing any amount of acid, even a little, to bounce back into the esophagus).
Off the food list comes caffeine, including caffeinated soft drinks, tea, and chocolate—all of which are known for relaxing the LES, allowing stomach contents to reflux back up into the esophagus. Chocolate contains concentrations of theobromine, a compound that occurs naturally in many plants such as cocoa, tea, and coffee plants, and which is known for relaxing the LES. |
Tom Bohager
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| The muscle at the end of the esophagus may be affected, which can cause acid reflux (regurgitation of acidic gastric juices into the esophagus). (See gastroesophageal reflux.) This reflux, in turn, may cause heartburn and belching that may be made worse by either bending or lying down. Very large hiatal hernias sometimes require surgical repair. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Stoner and his team have begun analyzing the effects of the fruit in people with Barrett's esophagus (a condition of the esophagus that increases risk of esophageal cancer) and precancerous colon polyps. Preliminary results show the berries are well tolerated at doses similar to those used in animals. |
J. Douglas Bremner
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| Untreated, it can increase the risk of cancer of the esophagus. Dyspepsia is a general term for stomach upset that occurs after meals and may or may not be due to GERD.
Although both are stomach-related conditions with overlapping symptoms, GERD and ulcers are different: Ulcers occur when gastric acid burns a hole in the stomach; GERD is the result of gastric acid shooting back up through the valve between the stomach and the esophagus and is very common in obese people.
P h a r \! |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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| Stoner and his team have begun analyzing the effects of the fruit in people with Barrett's esophagus (a condition of the esophagus that increases risk of esophageal cancer) and precancerous colon polyps. Preliminary results show the berries are well tolerated at doses similar to those used in animals. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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 CONTRAINDICATIONS
Flaxseed is contraindicated in the following conditions: ileus, stricture of the esophagus and in the gastrointestinal area, acute inflammatory illnesses of the intestine, of the esophagus and of the stomach entrance.
PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
General: No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction with the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. The use of large quantities of the drug as a laxative with too little fluid intake can lead to ileus. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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 It is also known as acid reflux because the sphincter that separates the esophagus from the stomach doesn't function properly and causes stomach acids to seep back up into the esophagus," Dr. Pearl says. "Lying down flat will aggravate this condition, so it is good to elevate your bed. Place blocks as high as six inches beneath the head of the bed or arrange pillows from your waist to your head so you're not lying flat on your back. It is also good to eat dinner earlier in the evening, to allow the food to be digested before bedtime. |
Andreas Moritz
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 Esophageal reflux, commonly known as "heartburn," is a condition in which stomach acid washes upward into the esophagus and causes irritation or injury to the delicate tissues lining the esophagus. Contrary to common opinion, this condition is not due to the stomach's making too much hydrochloric acid, but is due instead to back-flushing of waste, toxins, and bile from the intestines into the stomach. In many cases, heartburn results when the stomach makes too little hydrochloric acid, thereby forcing food to remain there far too long and to ferment. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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 Also, the substrate for this antibody was initially monkey esophagus, making it expensive and unsuitable for screening large numbers of people. Human umbilical cord is now used as an alternative to monkey esophagus in most commercial laboratories [59].
3. Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies
Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) was described in 1997 as the autoantigen of EMA [60]. The initial tTG ELISA was guinea pig IgA, with a lower sensitivity and specificity than EMA [61, 62]. |
Jack Challem
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| Untreated, chronic heartburn and GERD can develop into Barrett's esophagus, a precancerous condition, and nighttime heartburn is particularly damaging to the esophagus. But conventional acid-suppressing drugs carry their own risks. Regularly using any type of acid-suppressing drug almost doubles your risk of contracting pneumonia. The reason may be related to a suppression of gut bacteria, which help to protect against infection. People who use Prilosec, Nexium, and other types of acid-reducing drugs are more likely to experience hip fractures. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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| CONTRAINDICATIONS
Flaxseed is contraindicated in the following conditions: ileus, stricture of the esophagus and in the gastrointestinal area, acute inflammatory illnesses of the intestine, of the esophagus and of the stomach entrance.
PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
General: No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction with the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. The use of large quantities of the drug as a laxative with too little fluid intake can lead to ileus. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| O
The problem is that the acid sometimes goes to ^ the wrong place, flowing back—or "refluxing"— ^ m into our esophagus where it can really burn the 1/1 delicate tissues. This reflex reaction may in part be due to a muscle in the lower part of the esophagus (called the LES, or lower esophageal sphincter) that is weakened or stops working correctly. As long as the LES stays closed like it's supposed to, you're good to go. No heartburn symptoms, no burning. |
J. Douglas Bremner
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| One primary concern related to these medications is gastrointestinal problems related to the stomach and the esophagus. In fact, in the FIT trial of women with past fractures, twice as many patients on the medication (nineteen vs. ten on placebo) developed erosive esophagitis, an inflammation of the esophagus. That means that nine patients developed esophagitis from the drug who didn't have to, while only five patients were saved from a clinically significant hip fracture. |
Andreas Moritz
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| Esophageal reflux, commonly known as "heartburn," is a condition in which stomach acid washes upward into the esophagus and causes irritation or injury to the delicate tissues lining the esophagus. Contrary to common opinion, this condition is not due to the stomach's making too much hydrochloric acid, but is due instead to back-flushing of waste, toxins, and bile from the intestines into the stomach. In many cases, heartburn results when the stomach makes too little hydrochloric acid, thereby forcing food to remain there far too long and to ferment. |
Ron Garner
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 Esophagus
The esophagus is a tube connecting the mouth and throat with the stomach. It transports food and liquid to the stomach via muscular activity known as peristalsis, not by gravity.
Stomach
The stomach is a muscular reservoir located mostly on the left side of the body just below the diaphragm. The muscles of the stomach are in three layers, each running in a different direction. They mix food with hydrochloric acid and various enzymes produced in the stomach, and empty the resulting contents of the stomach, known as chyme, into the small intestine. |
Andreas Moritz
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 It closes the sphincter of the esophagus, thus preventing the oil mixture from moving up into the esophagus and making you feel sick.
The Liver Flush Did Not Deliver the Expected Results
In some cases, albeit very rarely, the liver flush does not produce the results you expect. The following are the two main reasons, and their remedies, for such difficulties:
1. It is likely that severe congestion in your liver's bile ducts, due to extremely dense structures of stones, has prevented the apple juice from softening them sufficiently during the first cleansing attempt. |
| This and other anti-inflammatory drugs cause stomach tissue to tighten (but not esophagus tissue), thereby widening the esophagus passage and allowing stomach acid to pass through Before anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil became widely available, heartburn was rare and was almost always related to diet. Today, up to 70 percent of all acid reflux cases may be linked to the prolonged use of anti-inflammatory drugs. Since their introduction a few decades ago, acid reflux disease experienced an enormous jump. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 In GERD, the stomach overproduces gastric acid and the esophagus spasms, causing excess acid to rise into the fragile lining of the throat. It can be quite painful.
Jan and David concurred that Jan must be experiencing spasms in her esophagus due to her GI problems. David felt that Jan's asthma must be acting up, too; recent forest fires had plagued Montana's wooded areas and some neighborhoods, and the noxious smoke clouds had grown closer and more visible as the couple had neared the Idaho-Montana border. Still, severe chest pain was not usually indicative of asthma. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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| It is also known as acid reflux because the sphincter that separates the esophagus from the stomach doesn't function properly and causes stomach acids to seep back up into the esophagus," Dr. Pearl says. "Lying down flat will aggravate this condition, so it is good to elevate your bed. Place blocks as high as six inches beneath the head of the bed or arrange pillows from your waist to your head so you're not lying flat on your back. It is also good to eat dinner earlier in the evening, to allow the food to be digested before bedtime. |
Lester A. Mitscher and Victoria Toews
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 It includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, gall bladder, liver, and large intestine. Most of the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food to make it absorbable occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, which consists of the stomach (gaster in Greek) and the intestine.
The whole digestive system starts to work as soon as a bite of food enters the mouth. The process of chewing mashes the food into smaller, more manageable pieces. Meanwhile, an enzyme called amylase, contained in saliva, begins the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates into simple sugars. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
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 Patients are cautioned not to lie down after swallowing the pill and to take it with plenty of water because the medicine is caustic enough to burn the esophagus.
It's widely accepted in medical circles that bisphosphonates do build bone—but that the bone they build is brittle and more prone to fracture than healthy bone built up through the right lifestyle choices.
The selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are another drug class for osteoporosis, which includes tamoxifen and raloxifene (Evista). Although they do improve bone density, they pose a significant risk of blood clots. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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| Off the food list comes caffeine, including caffeinated soft drinks, tea, and chocolate—all of which are known for relaxing the LES, allowing stomach contents to reflux back up into the esophagus. Chocolate contains concentrations of theobromine, a compound that occurs naturally in many plants such as cocoa, tea, and coffee plants, and which is known for relaxing the LES. Other foods that also relax or weaken the LES are tomatoes, spicy foods, onions, citrus fruits and juices, alcohol, and tobacco.
And then there are foods that slow down digestion, keeping the food in your stomach longer. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
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| Keep all cleaners up high (oven cleaner can burn the esophagus if children get hold of it).
Filter your drinking water.
Use dishwasher soap without phosphates or chlorine or nonylphenol ethoxy-late (NPE), which is called a gender-bender and feminizes fish in the waters where we humans dump our waste. Also make sure they are biodegradeable and nontoxic so kids will survive if they decide to take a swig. Don't have any cleaner anyplace near where anyone could drink it or spill it if it isn't okay to drink.
IN PEPROOM Use products that protect your pillows and mattresses from dust mites. |
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