Andrew Pengelly
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 Alkaloids present include cocaine, cinnamylcocaine, tropacocaine and valerine.
Cocaine is the methyl ester of benzoylecgonine, and can be semi-synthetically produced from ecgonine (Tyler et al. 1988).
Cocaine is relatively unstable and is more often administered as cocaine hydrochloride—a more stable form. cocaine blocks nerve conduction upon local application, hence its employment as an anaesthetic (e.g. Novacaine). In large doses it is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic. |
Amarjit S. Basra
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 Coca and Cocaine
The most well-known strongly stimulant plant material known is probably cocaine (see Figure 17.18), which is not used medicinally to any appreo
FIGURE 17.18. The chemical structure of cocaine. ciable extent for its effects in this respect, although it is widely used as a drug of abuse. cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine (noradrenaline), thus exaggerating typical stimulant effects, but some thinking associates it with direct stimulation of neurons in the CNS. cocaine is derived from the leaves of the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca Lam., E. novogratense var. |
Andreas Moritz
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 By 1974, five million Americans had used the drug cocaine, and only eleven years later, the figure had jumped to over 22 million. In 1990, the American Drug Enforcement Administration had confiscated 100,000 kilograms of cocaine, compared to a mere 500 kilograms in 1980. Within a decade, the number of cocaine overdose victims had increased from 3,000 in 1981 to 80,000 in 1990, an increase of 2,400 percent. Amphetamine use also jumped dramatically. In 1989, the Drug Enforcement Administration seized 97 million doses, up from 2 million doses in 1981. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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 Pregnancy: cocaine passes into the embryo or fetus and is embryotoxic.
Nursing Mothers: cocaine passes into the mother's milk.
DOSAGE
Mode of Administration: Use of Erythroxylum coca is obsolete except for use in 2% eyedrops.
LITERATURE
Aynilian G et al., (1974) J Pharm Sci 63:1938.
Brustschmerzen und Atherosklerose durch Cocain. In: DAZ 130(49):2723. 1990.
Chen GJ, Pillai R, Erickson JR, Martinez F, Estrada ALO, Watso RR, cocaine immunotoxicity - abnormal cytokine production in hispanic drug users. In: Toxicol Lett 59(1-3):81. 1991.
Evans WC, ETH 3:265. 1981. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| MARIJUANA
Alcohol
(Increased intoxication) Barbiturates
(Excessive CNS depression) cocaine Hydrochloride
(Increased effects of cocaine) Disulfiram
(May induce hypomania reaction) Protease Inhibitors
(Reduced bioavailability of protease inhibitors) Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Inhibitors
(May induce manic symptoms) Theophylline
(May require an increase in theophylline dosage) Tricyclic Antidepressants
(Increased heart rate and delirium)
MATRICARIA RECUTITA
(See under German Chamomile)
MECAMYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Kudzu
(P. |
Dr. Steven R. Gundry
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 Likewise, given a choice between a pellet of food and a pellet of cocaine, a rat opts for cocaine until it dies.5 Now that's hardwiring!
Another more commonly used—and abused-pleasure-stimulating plant compound is found in fruit: sugar. It's in the plant's survival interest to have animals eat its fruit, including the seeds. But how does a plant make an animal eat the fruit instead of its leaves? Easy; just stimulate the animal's pleasure center. Rats don't overeat rat chow, yet give them sugar or milk chocolate and wham, they can't stop gobbling. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Parke-Davis, a subsidiary of Pfizer, promoted and sold cocaine. It even produced a "cocaine injection kit" complete with a syringe for shooting up. Skeptical? You can view the picture yourself by clicking www.NewsTarget.com/gallery/articles/ParkeDavisInjection.jpg
3. A subsidiary of Novartis, Sandoz Laboratories, introduced the world to LSD in 1938, marketing it as a psychiatric drug named Delysid. This same drug company also created saccharin, the artificial chemical sweetener.
4. |
Andrew Pengelly
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| Cocaine is relatively unstable and is more often administered as cocaine hydrochloride—a more stable form. cocaine blocks nerve conduction upon local application, hence its employment as an anaesthetic (e.g. Novacaine). In large doses it is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic. Its adrenergic action is due to inhibition of reuptake of noradrenaline, creating an amphetamine-like effect, though only of very short duration.
Cocaine is quickly absorbed into the lungs, heart and brain with almost instant effects, leading to psychic dependence and tolerance. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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| It even produced a "cocaine injection kit" complete with a syringe for shooting up. Skeptical? You can view the picture yourself by clicking www.NewsTarget.com/gallery/articles/ParkeDavisInjection.jpg
3. A subsidiary of Novartis, Sandoz Laboratories, introduced the world to LSD in 1938, marketing it as a psychiatric drug named Delysid. This same drug company also created saccharin, the artificial chemical sweetener.
4. Drug giant Merck pioneered the commercial manufacture of morphine from opium and was a heavy pusher and marketer of cocaine. Merck also patented MDMA (Ecstasy, the rave drug). |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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| INDICATIONS AND USAGE
The drug is used in the manufacture of cocaine chloride as a local anaesthetic. It is a model for synthetic local anesthetics. It is no longer itself in use, except occasionally in ophthalmology.
PRECAUTIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
General: Chewing an excessively large quantity of the leaves can bring about psychic disturbances and hallucinations. Dangerous poisonings are not possible with the drug (though the opposite is certainly true with cocaine or cocoa paste). |
| Nursing Mothers: cocaine passes into the mother's milk.
DOSAGE
Mode of Administration: Use of Erythroxylum coca is obsolete except for use in 2% eyedrops.
LITERATURE
Aynilian G et al., (1974) J Pharm Sci 63:1938.
Brustschmerzen und Atherosklerose durch Cocain. In: DAZ 130(49):2723. 1990.
Chen GJ, Pillai R, Erickson JR, Martinez F, Estrada ALO, Watso RR, cocaine immunotoxicity - abnormal cytokine production in hispanic drug users. In: Toxicol Lett 59(1-3):81. 1991.
Evans WC, ETH 3:265. 1981.
Grieb G, Mipbildungen: Schadigt Cocain menschliche Spermien? In: DAZ 132(12):578. 1992. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Once one has become addicted to these substances, stopping could cause withdrawal symptoms similar to those with cocaine, such as: severe depression psychosis restlessness extreme feelings of agitation
You may think that you are safer and more frugal by snorting Ritalin and Adderall, rather than cocaine, but you are harming yourself in similar ways. You also run the risk of arrest for having and using these substances without a prescription. |
Dr. Steven R. Gundry
See book keywords and concepts |
| Likewise, given a choice between a pellet of food and a pellet of cocaine, a rat opts for cocaine until it dies.5 Now that's hardwiring!
Another more commonly used—and abused-pleasure-stimulating plant compound is found in fruit: sugar. It's in the plant's survival interest to have animals eat its fruit, including the seeds. But how does a plant make an animal eat the fruit instead of its leaves? Easy; just stimulate the animal's pleasure center. Rats don't overeat rat chow, yet give them sugar or milk chocolate and wham, they can't stop gobbling. |
Dr. Arthur Janov
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 Or the person may become addicted to something that can make him feel good, such as cocaine, which raises dopamine levels (the "feel good" hormone) and takes the place of his mother. It makes him feel strong and warm, and gives him a sense of "can do," all of the things that his mother should have done early on. He is seemingly addicted to cocaine, but it is really a substitute mother who is addicting. His mother could have given him lifelong optimum dopamine levels. Now it is too late. So he settles for a substitute. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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| Also related: Coca-Cola really did contain cocaine during its first few decades on the market (it also contained kola nut extract, hence the name). cocaine was later removed from the formula and replaced with caffeine, a substance that is similarly addictive and serves much the same purpose. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 Genetic material can be damaged by marijuana, for example; in animals, it has been linked to an increase in fetal deaths and malformations.141 cocaine may decrease sperm concentration in semen, induce deformities in the shape of the sperm, and reduce the motility after ejaculation.142 Men's precon-ceptual use of cocaine has been linked to cases of neurological damage in children.
EXERCISE
The appropriate take-home message on exercise during pregnancy is not that women should exercise during pregnancy but that they may. Too often, women have heard that maybe they should limit their exercise. |
Russell L. Blaylock, M.D.
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 With drugs saturating our youth culture, increased aggression associated with such drugs as cocaine has become more common. The idea that diet may make the difference between aggressive, violent cocaine users and non-violent users was recently tested.584 What they found was that on admission and testing at the controlled testing unit, the violent cocaine users had significantly lower N-3 fatty acid levels, especially DHA, than the non-violent drug users. Unfortunately, they did not test to see if supplementation with DHA would reduce aggression in these individuals. |
Andreas Moritz
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| Narcotic Drugs
Roughly ten years before the discovery of AIDS, the industrial world experienced a dramatic increase in the use of non-prescribed drugs ranging from hashish, marijuana and psychedelics to LSD, MDA, PCP, heroin, cocaine, amyl and butyl nitrites, amphetamines, barbiturates, ethyl chloride, opium, mushrooms and other "tailor-made" drugs. By 1974, five million Americans had used the drug cocaine, and only eleven years later, the figure had jumped to over 22 million. |
Caldwell B. Esselstyn, Jr., M.D.
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 Receptors in our brains account for our addiction to nicotine, heroin, and cocaine, and similar cravings have been identified for fat and sugars, as well.
The way to break the fat habit is to abstain entirely from eating it—just as those who use heroin, cocaine, and nicotine must give them up once and for all. We have all seen what happens with many people who go on reduced-fat diets in order to lose weight. A diet that permits even a modest amount of animal, dairy, and oil fat still feeds the habit. The craving remains. |
Andreas Moritz
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| In 1990, the American Drug Enforcement Administration had confiscated 100,000 kilograms of cocaine, compared to a mere 500 kilograms in 1980. Within a decade, the number of cocaine overdose victims had increased from 3,000 in 1981 to 80,000 in 1990, an increase of 2,400 percent. Amphetamine use also jumped dramatically. In 1989, the Drug Enforcement Administration seized 97 million doses, up from 2 million doses in 1981. Also, aphrodisiacs became extremely popular during the 1970s. By 1980, five million Americans had become regular users of amyl nitrites, or "poppers. |
Andrew Pengelly
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| Cocaine is relatively unstable and is more often administered as cocaine hydrochloride—a more stable form. cocaine blocks nerve conduction upon local application, hence its employment as an anaesthetic (e.g. Novacaine). In large doses it is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic. Its adrenergic action is due to inhibition of reuptake of noradrenaline, creating an amphetamine-like effect, though only of very short duration.
Cocaine is quickly absorbed into the lungs, heart and brain with almost instant effects, leading to psychic dependence and tolerance. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
See article keywords and concepts |
| Once one has become addicted to these substances, stopping could cause withdrawal symptoms similar to those with cocaine, such as: severe depression psychosis restlessness extreme feelings of agitation
You may think that you are safer and more frugal by snorting Ritalin and Adderall, rather than cocaine, but you are harming yourself in similar ways. You also run the risk of arrest for having and using these substances without a prescription. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
See article keywords and concepts |
| Also related: Coca-Cola really did contain cocaine during its first few decades on the market (it also contained kola nut extract, hence the name). cocaine was later removed from the formula and replaced with caffeine, a substance that is similarly addictive and serves much the same purpose. |
Bryan Hanson, PhD
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 This form of cocaine can be smoked, which volatilizes the drug and gets it into the lung tissue where it can be absorbed slightly faster. (Cocaine hydrochloride cannot be smoked because the heat decomposes the drug.) Preparing the freebase in your home has some dangers associated with it, and drug dealers, who are generally very savvy marketers, were quick to address this concern—by the early 1980s crack cocaine was readily available on the street. o
Quinolizidine Lupinine Anagyrine ring system
FIGURE 4.18. Quinolizidine alkaloids. |
Brigitte Mars, A.H.G.
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 Though it is in the same family as coca (from which cocaine is derived), catuaba does not contain cocaine alkaloids.
Edible Uses
Not generally considered edible, aside from as tea.
Other Uses
None known
Constituents
Essential oils, alkaloids, tannins, phytosterols, cyclo-lignans, ioimbina
Energetic Correspondences
• Flavor: pungent
• Temperature: warm
• Moisture: dry
• Polarity: yang
• Planet: Mars
• Element: yang
Contraindications
No reports of toxicity exist. However, until further research has been done, catuaba is not recommended during pregnancy. |
Amarjit S. Basra
See book keywords and concepts |
| The chemical structure of cocaine. ciable extent for its effects in this respect, although it is widely used as a drug of abuse. cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine (noradrenaline), thus exaggerating typical stimulant effects, but some thinking associates it with direct stimulation of neurons in the CNS. cocaine is derived from the leaves of the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca Lam., E. novogratense var. |
Sheldon P. Blau, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.A.C.R. and Elaine Fantle Shimberg
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 According to a study published in the December 1995 issue of Annuals of Emergency Medicine, nearly half of all emergency-department patients aged thirty-one to forty complaining of chest pain had recently used cocaine. Dr. Judd E. Hollander, lead author of the study and an emergency physician, stressed that if patients who have recently used cocaine are treated with the same methods as patients who have not used cocaine, they could experience life-threatening complications. cocaine toxins can severely affect the coronary arteries, so it's important to report cocaine and other illegal drug use. |
Brigitte Mars, A.H.G.
See book keywords and concepts |
| Though it is in the same family as coca (from which cocaine is derived), catuaba does not contain cocaine alkaloids.
Edible Uses
Not generally considered edible, aside from as tea.
Other Uses
None known
Constituents
Essential oils, alkaloids, tannins, phytosterols, cyclo-lignans, ioimbina
Energetic Correspondences
• Flavor: pungent
• Temperature: warm
• Moisture: dry
• Polarity: yang
• Planet: Mars
• Element: yang
Contraindications
No reports of toxicity exist. However, until further research has been done, catuaba is not recommended during pregnancy. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
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 Just because something makes you feel good doesn't mean it's good for you (think cocaine, heroin, or pints of ice cream).
Nevertheless, we do believe that DHEA can be effective for boosting energy, stamina, and reduced sex drive. So if you are wiped out or have low libido, and you've been checked out by docs for everything else, maybe— just maybe—low doses of DHEA might help. |
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