Childhood obesity

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The Big Fat Health and Fitness Lie Craig Pepin-Donat See book keywords and concepts

Deception in Weight Loss Advertising 2003 Federal Trade Commission Report (PDF File) "Fast Food Linked to Childhood Obesity" CBS News, Health Watch (January 5, 2003) FTC Advertising Guidelines on Disclaimers www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/buspubs/ad-faqs.htm FTC Information on Diet and Weight Loss Provides various FTC publications on diets, weight loss and other consumer protection issues related to health and fitness. "Given in, but not Completely" Sally Squires Washington Post (Tuesday, November 7, 2006) Discusses new study on cravings and restricting foods.

Sugar Shock!: How Sweets and Simple Carbs Can Derail Your Life-- and How YouCan Get Back on Track Connie Bennett, C.H.H.C. with Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D. See book keywords and concepts

Preventing childhood obesity by Reducing Consumption of Carbonated Drinks: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial." British Medical Journal 328 (2004): 1237-41. Jeppesen, Jorgen, Hans Ole Hein, Poul Suadicani, and Finn Gyntelberg. "Triglyceride Concentration and Ischemic Heart Disease: An Eight-Year Follow-Up in the Copenhagen Male Study." Circulation 97(1998): 1029-36. Liu, Simin, et al. "A Prospective Study of Dietary Glycemic Load, Carbohydrate Intake, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in U.S. Women." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 71 (2000): 1455-61. Liu, Simin, JoAnn E.

The Role of Media in childhood obesity," February 2004. http://www.kff.org/entmedia/upload/The-Role-Of-Media-in-Childhood-Obesity.pdf. Linn, Susan. Consuming Kids: The Hostile Takeover of Childhood. New York: New Press, 2004. Ludwig, David. "Effects of Decreasing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption on Body Weight in Adolescents: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study." Pediatrics 117, no. 3 (2006): 673-80. Mokdad, Ali, et al. "Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 2000." JAMA 291 (2004): 1238-45. -, et al. "The Continuing Epidemics of Obesity and Diabetes in the United States.

Campaign for Commercial-Free Childhood blasts TV promotion of junk foods to children Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts

According to Linn, "We know that marketing is a factor in the childhood obesity epidemic. It is unconscionable that 8-12-year-olds see, on average, more than 7,600 food commercials a year -- the vast majority for candy, snacks, cereals, and fast food. This report is the latest indication that, when it comes to children, the food and advertising industries are incapable of policing themselves." The Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood is a national coalition of health care professionals, advocacy groups, educators, and parents.

Survival of the Sickest: A Medical Maverick Discovers Why We Need Disease Dr. Sharon Moalem See book keywords and concepts

Here's how epigenetics may be partially responsible for the epidemic of childhood obesity. The junk food that fills so many American diets is high in calories and fats, but often very low in nutrients, especially those that are important to a developing embryo. If a newly pregnant mother spends the first weeks of her pregnancy eating a typical junk-food-laden diet, the embryo may receive signals that it's going to be born into a harsh environment where critical types of food are scarce.

A 2005 report in The New England Journal of Medicine said that the epidemic of childhood obesity is the critical element in a gathering storm that could produce the first modern decline in American life expectancy—dropping life expectancy as much as five years. There's no question that gallons of sugary soda, baskets of fatty fries, and too many hours watching television and playing video games instead of after-school sports is a fattening combo. But new research suggests that may not be the whole story.

Health and Nutrition Secrets Russell L. Blaylock, M.D. See book keywords and concepts

Obesity Over the last decade, the United States has witnessed an explosion in childhood obesity that has gone unexplained. Newsweek carried a picture of an obese child eating an ice cream cone with a subtitle that read, "Fat for Life? Six Million Kids are Seriously Overweight." On closer inspection, there are actually several clues as to the cause for this alarming increase in childhood obesity. Let us travel back to 1968 when Dr. Olney was conducting his experiments on mice fed MSG. (Mice are frequently used as test animals because they react most like humans to MSG.

Survival of the Sickest: A Medical Maverick Discovers Why We Need Disease Dr. Sharon Moalem See book keywords and concepts

Increasingly, adult-onset diabetes is becoming a misnomer: skyrocketing rates of childhood obesity are leading to increasing numbers of children who have Type 2 diabetes.) Some researchers believe that Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease—the body's natural defense system incorrectly identifies certain cells as outside invaders and sets out to destroy them. In the case of Type 1 diabetes, the cells that fall victim to this biological friendly fire are the precise cells in the pancreas responsible for insulin production.

The Big Fat Health and Fitness Lie Craig Pepin-Donat See book keywords and concepts

I know fast food is easy and fun for kids — especially when there is a free toy as an inducement — but it's also easy to form the habit of eating fast food as a staple of their diets, which will direcdy contribute to childhood obesity. There are a lot of fast food restaurants that now offer salads, baked potatoes and other healthy choices instead of French fries. The reality is that people do not go to fast food restaurants to eat healthy. They go for convenience and taste.

Timeless Secrets of Health & Rejuvenation: Unleash The Natural Healing Power That Lies Dormant Within You Andreas Moritz See book keywords and concepts

Would you have believed even 25 years ago that hardening of the arteries, high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes and obesity would one day be as common among children as they are today? childhood obesity increased from 5 percent in 1964 to about 20 percent today—and it is rising. Children spend an average of 5 to 6 hours a day on sedentary activities, including watching television, using the computer, and playing video games. Today's children are bombarded and brainwashed with well-crafted TV ads from fast-food chains and other purveyors of high-fat, high-sugar meals and snacks.

Food Fight Kelly Brownell and Katherine Battle Horgen See book keywords and concepts

Consequences Early concern about childhood obesity centered on its role in predicting adult obesity and hence adult diseases. Seventy percent of obese children become obese adults; obesity in children is related to risk for disease as much as fifty years later.85 The epidemic of childhood obesity we see now will have major consequences for years to come.86 Childhood obesity also has immediate health effects, some devastating. Excess weight gam in children can cause lipid problems, high blood pressure, blood clotting abnormalities, asthma, and other serious disturbances.

Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey See book keywords and concepts

Do interventions to limit sedentary behaviours change behaviour and reduce childhood obesity? A critical review of the literature. Obes. Rev. 8(1), 69-81. 98. Epstein, L. H., Valoski, A. M., Vara, L. S., McCurley, J., Wisniewski, L., Kalarchian, M. A., Klein, K. R., and Shrager, L. R. (1995). Effects of decreasing sedentary behavior and increasing activity on weight change in obese children. Health Psychol. 14, 109-115. 99. Epstein, L. Ft., Saelens, B. E., Myers, M. D., and Vito, D. (1997). Effects of decreasing sedentary behaviors on activity choice in obese children. Health Psychol.

Hunger Free Forever: The New Science of Appetite Control Michael T. Murray and Michael R. Lyon See book keywords and concepts

This statement is especially true in children, as studies have demonstrated that childhood obesity is associated more with inactivity than overeating. Strong evidence suggests that more than 86 percent of adult obesity begins in childhood. It could thus be concluded that lack of physical activity is the major cause of obesity in America today. If you are trying to lose weight, you definitely need to exercise as well. When you cut back on your caloric intake, it lowers your basal metabolic rate (BMR)—in other words, your body slows down to compensate.

Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey See book keywords and concepts

Genetic and hereditary aspects of childhood obesity. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 19, 359-374. 32. Adan, R. A., Tiesjema, B., Hillebrand, J. J., la Fleur, S. E., Kas, M. J., and de Krom, M. (2006). The MC4 receptor and control of appetite. Br. J. Pharmacol. 149, 815-827. 33. Farooqi, I. S., Drop, S., Clements, A., Keogh, J. M., Biernacka, J., Lowenbein, S., Challis, B. G, and O'Rahilly, S. (2006). Heterozygosity for a POMC-null mutation and increased obesity risk in humans. Diabetes 55, 2549-2553. 34. Mutch, D. M., and Clement, K. (2006).

Viva la Familia Study: genetic and environmental contributions to childhood obesity and its comorbidities in the Hispanic population. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 84, 646-654; quiz, 673-644. 5. Comuzzie, A. G, and Allison, D. B. (1998). The search for human obesity genes. Science 280, 1374-1377. 6. Frayling, T. M., Timpson, N. J., Weedom, M. N., Zeggini, E., Freathy, R. M, Lindgren, C. M., Perry, J. R. B., Elliott, K. S., Lango, H, Rayner, N. W., Shields, B., Harries, L. W., Barrett, J. C, Ellard, S., Groves, C. J., Knight, B., Patch, A.-M., Ness, A. R., Ebrahim, S., Lawlor, D. A., Ring, S. M.

Two variants of the MC3R gene interact with diet to affect weight loss success in an Italian clinic treating severe childhood obesity [48]. Three genes important in downstream signaling of the melanocortin system have also been shown to cause single gene obesities. Single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) is a regulator of neurogenesis and is essential to the development of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus [16, 49]. 13 Haploinsufficiency occurs when a gene, or a group of genes, is present in too few or too many copies.

The heritability estimate for BMI in a study of childhood obesity in an Hispanic population was 40% and, in that study, heritability of diet and physical activity phenotypes ranged from 32% to 69% [4]. By using data from all types of studies, it is estimated that 40% to 70% of the within population variation in obesity is due to genetic variation [5] (Fig. 1). Most studies indicate that familial environment has only a minor impact on obesity. Genes implicated in obesity can have major, minor, or polygenic effects. A major gene is a single gene that has a large effect on the phenotype.

A common genetic variant is associated with adult and childhood obesity. Science 312, 279-283. 103. Xu, B., Goulding, E. H, Zang, K., Cepoi, D., Cone, R. D., Jones, K. R., Tecott, L. H, and Reichardt, L. F. (2003). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates energy balance downstream of melanocortin-4 receptor. Nat. Neurosci. 6, 736-742. CHAPTER M. L Obesity: Overview of Treatments and Interventions HELEN M. SEAGLE,' HOLLY R. WYATT,2 AND JAMES O.

There Is a Cure for Diabetes: The Tree of Life 21-Day+ Program Gabriel Cousens See book keywords and concepts

Susan Linn of the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood (CCFC): "We know that marketing is a factor in the childhood obesity epidemic. It is unconscionable that 8-12-year-olds see, on average, more than 7,600 food commercials a year—the vast majority for candy, snacks, cereals, and fast food."93 We understand that overweight is a risk factor for heart disease in adults, but the situation is more ominous still. Autopsy data from the conflicts in Korea94 and Vietnam,95 the Bogalusa study,96 and the PDAY Study97 all testify to the ubiquitous nature of the disease in young Americans.

Appetite for Profit: How the Food Industry Undermines Our Health and How to Fight Back Michele Simon See book keywords and concepts

According to Widmeyer Communications, another major PR company hired by Coke, the challenge was to "demonstrate to the public that the [Coca-Cola] Company was committed to being a part of the solution, not the problem" in the face of increasing criticism from public-interest groups and grassroots movements, which are working to kick Coke out of schools in the wake of mounting scientific evidence linking childhood obesity to high rates of soda consumption.32 Quite a challenge indeed.

Myth: Parents can just say no to their kids In the public debate over childhood obesity, personal responsibility polemicists like to give parents a bad rap. Since it's rather difficult for food companies to hold young children accountable for their poor food decisions, blaming their parents is a convenient workaround. Common refrains in this context include: "Children don't drive themselves to the fast-food joints"; "Parents just need to turn off the television"; and the ever-popular "Parents should set a better example.

The Natural Pharmacy: Complete A-Z Reference to Natural Treatments for Common Health Conditions Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D. See book keywords and concepts

Parental involvement in the treatment of childhood obesity is considered important for success, especially when parents are given adequate training in a wide range of behavior-change techniques that can be applied to the entire family.48 Limited research suggests that training parents alone is superior to training either children alone or training both parents and children.

Appetite for Profit: How the Food Industry Undermines Our Health and How to Fight Back Michele Simon See book keywords and concepts

If the policy was truly reflective of a desire to be "part of the solution" to childhood obesity, why would the ABA need to advertise it? Wouldn't just making improvements in schools be reward enough? What possible purpose could an ad campaign serve, other than to promote soda companies as responsible and caring corporate citizens? If this tactic sounds eerily familiar, it should. Taking a page right out of Big Tobacco's playbook, Big Soda spent more money on promoting themselves as responsible than on actually being responsible.

Grocery Warning: How to recognize and avoid the groceries that cause cancer, diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and other common diseases Mike Adams See book keywords and concepts

Because the FDA has refused to address this issue, we are more likely to see an unchecked increase in childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes. - Russell Blaylock, M.D., Excitotoxins: The Taste That Kills But if MSG induces diabetes, how does it actually provoke the disease? What biological mechanism is responsible? As Blaylock explains: Also characteristic of MSG exposure is an increase in insulin release from the pancreas.

Appetite for Profit: How the Food Industry Undermines Our Health and How to Fight Back Michele Simon See book keywords and concepts

Beverage Industry Praised for Helping in childhood obesity Battle."15 Many months later the decree continued to circulate in the press, where it was referred to as a fait accompli, even though it remained little more than words on paper. A policy with lots of (PR) chops but no teeth In fact, the ABA's school-based beverage policy never actually took hold. This makes sense when you realize that the ABA is just a trade association. As such, it does not directly oversee the sale of soft drinks in schools.

With rising rates of childhood obesity and diabetes (we can no longer call Type 2 diabetes "adult onset diabetes"), more and more people are asking why companies like McDonald's and Coca-Cola are targeting such a vulnerable population. Not willing to take all the finger-pointing lying down, the major food companies are currently engaged in a massive public relations campaign designed to protect their images and, ultimately, their bottom lines.

Of course they do; what better way to ensure that "moms" continue to purchase the company's ubiquitous salty snacks and sugary drinks in the wake of a childhood obesity crisis? No problem here, moms, we got your kids covered with a big green slide. Clowning around Never one to miss out on a good PR bandwagon, McDonald's is also encouraging kids to get fit. With the fast-food king's notorious child-themed marketing increasingly under attack by advocates, McDonald's is in dire need of spin control.

What's In Your Milk?: An Exposé of Industry and Government Cover-Up on the Dangers of the Genetically Engineered (rBGH) Milk You're Drinking Samuel S. Epstein, M.D. See book keywords and concepts

This initiative officially endorses longstanding efforts by many school districts to provide only healthy foods, and hopefully reduce the growing incidence of childhood obesity and related diseases. Enforcement of this initiative would be the responsibility of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), which is in charge of the current Public School Lunch Program.

The China Study: The Most Comprehensive Study of Nutrition Ever Conducted and the Startling Implications for Diet, Weight Loss and Long-term Health T. Colin Campbell, Ph.D. and Thomas M. Campbell II See book keywords and concepts

So much for combating childhood obesity and diabetes! The Web site is divided up into three sections, one for educators, one for parents and one for food service professionals. When I looked at the Web site in July 2003 (the Web site regularly changes its content), in the educator portion of the site, teachers could download lesson plans to teach nutrition to their classrooms. Lesson plans included making hand puppets of cows and dairy foods and doing a finger play.

Living the Low Carb Life: Controlled Carbohydrate Eating for Long-Term Weight Loss Jonny Bowden, M.A., C.N.S. See book keywords and concepts

Stop Watching Television (Okay, Okay, Then Cut Back) I know it seems like heresy to suggest this, but study after study has linked increased television watching with expanding waistlines, not to mention the development of childhood obesity. No one is quite sure exactly why, but it's true nonetheless. Speculation has ranged from the obvious—more TV watching means less activity and more snacking—to the slightly more subtle (the number of overt cues to eat that come with the commercials).

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