Dr. Timothy Scott
See book keywords and concepts |  And for those willing to research the literature who discover that depressed individuals given antidepressants are more likely to relapse and have more depression over time32 or that schizophrenia is less likely to disappear if a person is given antipsychotics,33 that discovery must be an emotional bombshell since it destroys the foundation on which their whole medical education was built. | | I have also known of a few cases where antipsychotics were abruptly halted. Because of my own knowledge of persons who simply decided to get off their mind drug all at once, I was skeptical of the warnings concerning some severe reactions from stopping abruptly. Minor discontinuation symptoms are known to be common.1 "SSRI discontinuation syndrome" and "antipsychotic discontinuation syndrome" (or similar labels) have even become recognized medical conditions in the research literature.2 But very severe reactions are another issue. | | Family members of those whose thinking becomes confused could keep them from antipsychotics and the resulting tragic life if they knew the truth. I will especially appreciate your passing the book on to your physicians since they are still the ones who write the drug prescriptions. We each have a responsibility to do whatever good we can. I hope you will join me in this effort to keep America from continuing to be fooled. | | In theory, the growing awareness of the need and importance of quality RCT research combined with the expiration of the patents for all the antidepressants and antipsychotics in current use should mean that the use of these drugs will be greatly diminished before long. (Remember that drug patents are awarded for only 20 years from the time the drug patent is submitted.5) After all, once a drug's patent expires and generics become available, the drug companies should no longer be willing to spend the vast sums promoting the chemical imbalance view as they did in the past. | | It is identical to the FDA-approved warning for all antipsychotics. See Box #13-2.)
Tardive Dyskinesia — A syndrome of potentially irreversible, involuntary, dyskinetic movements may develop in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. Although the prevalence of the syndrome appears to be highest among the elderly, especially elderly women, it is impossible to rely on prevalence estimates to predict at the inception of antipsychotic treatment, which patients are likely to develop a syndrome.. . . |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
See book keywords and concepts |  Lieberman, chairman of psychiatry at Columbia University, stated that the lack of difference in effectiveness between first- and second-generation antipsychotics in nonrefractory patients is "a conclusion that runs counter to the impressions of many clinicians and previous studies suggesting marked superiority of the second-generation antipsychotics and that belies the huge advantage in market share enjoyed by the second-generation antipsychotics in the United States and other parts of the world."
Nutritional treatment of schizophrenia has a decades-long history. Dr. |
Dr. Timothy Scott
See book keywords and concepts | | The standards today for antidepressants and antipsychotics are a joke. Drugs should be compared to active placebos (placebos which cause side effects) and should be appreciably better than the placebo even if they cause no side effects. (Isn't it immoral to charge expensive prices for drugs that are not actually capable of healing anything?) If drugs cause serious side effects, then their ability to heal needs to be substantial. |
Bottom Line Health
See book keywords and concepts | | For more information on the black-box — warning on antipsychotics, go to the US Food and Drug Administration Web site at www. fda.gov/cder/drug/advisory/antipsychotics.htm.
What Makes Us Forget?
Anumber of environmental and health factors can contribute to short- and long-term memory loss. Among the most common...
•Prescription drugs can adversely affect memory. If you are taking any medications, ask your doctor whether memory loss is a known side effect.
•Low thyroid function can also cause poor memory and concentration. With a simple blood test, your doctor can check thyroid levels. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Side effects: Side effects of typical antipsychotics include anxiety, agitation, irregular heartbeat, blurred vision, intense restlessness (akathisia), stiff movements (Parkinson's-like symptoms), or painful muscle spasms. Over time, tardive dyskinesia can develop; this side effect causes repetitive, uncontrolled movements, such as grimacing; smacking, puckering and pursing of the lips; and rapid eye blinking. Atypical antipsychotics are somewhat less likely to have these side effects, but they can occur. | | Side effects: Side effects of typical antipsychotics include anxiety, agitation, irregular heartbeat, blurred vision, intense restlessness {akathisia), stiff movements (Parkinson's-like symptoms), or painful muscle spasms. Over time, tardive dyskinesia can develop; this side effect causes repetitive, uncontrolled movements, such as grimacing; smacking, puckering and pursing of the lips; and rapid eye blinking. Atypical antipsychotics are somewhat less likely to have these side effects, but they can occur. |
Shannon Brownlee
See book keywords and concepts |  When the drugs first came along, a decade ago, manufacturers touted them as being more effective and safer than conventional antipsychotics. But in 2006, a study sponsored not by manufacturers but by the National Institute of Mental Health found that the atypicals are no more effective than conventional antipsychotics and may cause just as many side effects. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | Atypical antipsychotics are somewhat less likely to have these side effects, but they can occur. The atypicals can cause substantial weight gain, disruptions in blood sugar control, and even diabetes.
Nutrients depleted: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, and thiorizadine deplete CoQ10, melatonin, and vitamin B2; haloperidol depletes CoQ10. Although there's not as much information on depletions with the newer atypical medicines, their mode of action and side-effect profiles are similar enough to expect that they will deplete the same nutrients as the older, typical antipsychotics. |
Charles Barber
See book keywords and concepts |  For antipsychotics, the story was even worse. Three-quarters of study participants stopped taking their medication before the end of eighteen months.12 Said Robert Freedman, M.D., editor in chief of the American Journal of Psychiatry: "The results of STAR*D [the depression trial] continue to be sobering. By the third wave of the study, the rate of remission continues to be quite low, which underscores the persistence of depression, and its resistance to current treatments."13
In some ways, things were actually worse by 2000. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
See book keywords and concepts |  Hops should be used with caution when given in conjunction with other central nervous system depressants, antipsychotics, or alcohol due to its sedative effect (Newall, 1996). Excessive use over a long period may cause dizziness, cognitive changes, and mild jaundice symptoms in some individuals. Hops may cause adverse effects when used during periods of menstrual disturbances, nervousness, dermatitis, hypersensitivity reactions, and respiratory allergies. The fresh plant has a sensitizing effect (hops-picker's disease), which may occur, more rarely, with the dust of the drug as well. |
Charles Barber
See book keywords and concepts | | In 2006, antidepressants were the sixth best-selling category of drugs in the world, and antipsychotics were the seventh best-selling.11 The antipsychotic Zyprexa, the seventh best-selling drug in the world in 2005, was responsible for 30 percent of Lilly's revenues that year.12 Effexor accounted for 18 percent of Wyeth's revenues in 2005.13 The antipsychotic Risperdal was Johnson & Johnson's second best-selling drug in 2004. |
Hyla Cass, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | Based on these findings, it's sensible for anyone on antipsychotics to take 25 mg per day for prevention. Higher doses up to 60 mg per day may reverse existing TD. High-dose vitamin E (800-1,600 IU) may also aid in TD prevention, based on a large study by renowned psychiatrist David Hawkins.
• Melatonin: 3 mg at bedtime. Melatonin is a hormone made at nightfall. It's built out of the neurotransmitter serotonin, in a small gland in the brain called the pineal gland. This hormone is also a powerful antioxidant. | | Although there's not as much information on depletions with the newer atypical medicines, their mode of action and side-effect profiles are similar enough to expect that they will deplete the same nutrients as the older, typical antipsychotics.
Needed supplements:
• CoQ10: 30-100 mg daily. Choose a version that's packaged with oil for better absorption, take it with your omega-3 oil supplement, or sprinkle powdered CoQ10 on a food that contains fat, such as nut butter or buttered toast.
• Manganese (optional): 25 mg daily. | | For more information on antipsychotics, see page 137. Also used are mood stabilizers and anticonvulsants such as valproic acid (Depakote, Depakene), and lamotrig-ine (Lamictal). They all have a calming effect on the brain, mediated mainly by the neurotransmitter GABA). An older but still reliable drug for bipolar illness is lithium—which we'll cover here, since it's not included in the section on Anticonvulsants in Chapter 8.
MOOD stabilizer: lithium (Lithobid, Lithonate, Eskalith)
Lithium has long been a mainstay in the treatment of bipolar illness. | | This can happen with some hormonal contraceptives, with some antidepressants and antipsychotics, and with any drug that includes steroids, such as prednisone (usually taken orally) and inhaled steroids used to treat asthma.
2. Reduced absorption of nutrients. Most drugs discussed in this book are taken by mouth. In passing through the gastrointestinal tract, they can bind to specific nutrients before they're able to be absorbed into your bloodstream. |
Marshall Editions
See book keywords and concepts |  These include sedatives (benzodiazepenes), antinausea drugs (Zofran®), analeptics such as Ritalin®, anticonvulsants such as Tegretol®, antipsychotics such as Thorazine®, antidepressants such as Elavil®, calcium channel blockers usually used for blood pressure, lidocaine, antacids, and baclofen. The first choice for treatment is usually 10 mg of Reglan® three times a day for acute hiccups.
Surgery: Surgical intervention involves an irreversible destruction of the phrenic nerve, the nerve leading to the diaphragm. |
Charles Barber
See book keywords and concepts | | After Deniker and others got over their initial shock and enthusiasm, it became clear over time what antipsychotics can do—and what they can't. In no fashion do they cure the illness, but for many, if not most, people with psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, they do help to make the condition eminently more tolerable. In many cases, the medications, quite literally, lower the volume. Many patients have told me that the drugs dampen the sounds of the voices that plague them, reducing the screams and rants to faint echoes and occasionally drowning them out entirely. |
Bottom Line Health
See book keywords and concepts | | The elderly are just more vulnerable, and clearly, there's a susceptibility to antipsychotics that was never picked up in trials.
Philip Wang, MD, DrPH
Some experts have worried that clinicians are interpreting the absence of data as an absence of risk, and are prescribing older drugs because they think they are safer.
"If they're switching because they think there's no risk because the FDA didn't include older drugs in the advisory, then that's not a good switch," Wang says. "If they're going to switch, they should do so fully informed. |
Charles Barber
See book keywords and concepts | | It's a law that applies to cold medicine, antibiotics, and interferon, as well as antidepressants and antipsychotics.
Take what you need, when you need it, and judiciously set the rest aside. Respect the power and complexity, as well as the limitations, of the drugs. And I would add, as Dr. Roper was saying: Take the least amount of the drugs you need, and maximize other, human ways to solve problems.
If there's any lesson to be gleaned from the recent history of psychiatry, it is, in T. M. |
Peter J. Whitehouse and Daniel George
See book keywords and concepts |  Drugs such as antipsychotics, anti-epileptics, tranquilizers, muscle relaxants (such as alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, and triazolam), and overactive-btadder drugs (such as oxybutynin, tolterodine, and trospium) may induce dementia-like symptoms over the long term.
It is better if one doctor coordinates all the medicines. Primary-care doctors tend not to be impressed by the therapeutic effects of the currently available antidementia drugs, a feeling I share. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
See book keywords and concepts | | As mentioned earlier in this chapter, although not approved by the FDA for Alzheimer's disease, other drugs, including antipsychotics, are being used to treat associated psychotic and behavioral symptoms. This practice has become a cause for concern by many practitioners.
5. HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY. "Research on the effects of estrogen replacement therapy in the prevention of AD has been very exciting," Dr. Khalsa says. "Hippocampal plasticity and nerve growth factors are apparently estrogen-sensitive. | | According to a 2006 study published in the Archives of General Psychology, there was no reported clinical advantage to the more expensive and highly touted second-generation antipsychotics when compared with the first. In a commentary in the same issue, Dr. Jeffrey A. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
See article keywords and concepts |  More antipsychotics for children, coming right up
Although we would never do such a silly thing in our own universe, FDA officials in Allopathia recently approved yet more psychotropic drugs for children. Yes, it's true: Children in Allopathia all suffer from underdiagnosed pharmaceutical deficiencies, requiring them to be treated with yet more chemical in order to "balance" their brain chemistry. The latest chemical, known as Risperdal, belongs to a class of mind-altering drugs that may also cause rapid weight gain. |
Joan Liebmann-Smith, Ph. D., and Jacqueline Nardi Egan
See book keywords and concepts |  Prolonged erections can also be a reaction to certain antipsychotics, as well as some antidepressants and antihypertensives. And not surprisingly, they can be a rare overreaction to such drugs as Viagra, Cialis, and Levitra, which are used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED), commonly called impotence. Priapism can also be a sign of carbon monoxide poisoning as well as alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and other drug abuse. In addition, it can signal a spinal cord injury or disease, as well as an injury to the penis. | | Galactorrhea can be a reaction to both prescription and illicit drugs, including birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antihypertensives, marijuana, opiates, and steroids. A milky discharge can also be a sign you've been eating a lot of phytoestrogen-containing herbs, such as nettle, fennel, blessed thistle, anise, and fenugreek seed. The estrogen in these herbs can cause milk to flow. Leaking milk can also signal several hormone-related conditions, including a pituitary tumor (prolactinoma) and hypothyroidism. (See Appendix I. |
Bottom Line Health
See book keywords and concepts | | In the first 180 days of use, 179% of the patients on conventional antipsychotics died compared with 14.6% of those taking the newer medications. This translates into a 37% higher risk of death for those patients prescribed the older medications.
The greatest increase in the risk of death for the people taking conventional antipsychotic medications occurred in the first 40 days after beginning therapy. During this period, the risk was 56% higher. |
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