Ann N. Martin
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 One product that has been around for many years, "Nylabone plaque Attacker," claims to remove plaque from teeth. However, in the last few years Nylabone products have also come under scrutiny because of the deaths of dogs who have eaten Nylabone. The Nylabone plaque Attacker and Gumma-Bone are made of flexible material which, when swallowed, could become lodged somewhere in the intestinal tract. In November 2001, the company pulled the plaque Attacker from the shelves. Many people still have these and I advise that they dispose of them. |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 Over time, a buildup of these deposits, called plaque, will narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow to the heart. Heart disease and heart attacks are often a result of the restricted blood flow caused by the plaque. HDL is considered "good cholesterol" because it reverses the action of LDL by removing the plaque. Enter niacin. What niacin does that medications can't do is both lower the LDL cholesterol and raise the HDL cholesterol. |
Peter J. Whitehouse and Daniel George
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 These postmortem exams were especially revealing, as the Nun Study provided significant evidence that elderly persons may still function normally with relatively high concentrations of plaques and tangles on their brains, while those with the cognitive and behavioral symptoms of
Alzheimer's disease may often be found to have a relatively smaller plaque concentration.
In This Room Is Yours, the author, Michael Stein, provides a helpful way of viewing the plaques and tangles of AD. |
| These genetic mutations affect molecules called
Most recently scientists have been focusing on so-called dimers and other multiple linked manifestations of the beta-amyloid protein that form in the initial stages before plaque aggregation. Dimerization refers to these initial stages in the aggregation, which precede the larger formation of senile plaques. Researchers wonder if in fact these smaller, earlier dimer associations of BAP are the toxic forms, and if plaques are actually sinks that suck up the bad forms and try to prevent the toxic damage of the most soluble forms. |
Ann N. Martin
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| Brushing your dog or cat's teeth is the only safe way to prevent plaque build up and dental disease. If brushing becomes routine when they are puppies or kittens, they soon learn that this task can be enjoyable.
One product that has been around for many years, "Nylabone plaque Attacker," claims to remove plaque from teeth. However, in the last few years Nylabone products have also come under scrutiny because of the deaths of dogs who have eaten Nylabone. |
David Wolfe
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 Constipated mucoid plaque in the intestines is the product of decades of eating improper foods. To achieve excellent health, mucoid plaque has to be flushed out through the colon with the help of raw foods, herbs, colonics and fasting. Even if bowel movements are regular everyday, mucoid plaque can still be present, clinging to the intestinal walls, and should be addressed,
Mucoid plaque also builds up from incomplete bowel movements caused by not fully squatting while eliminating. Sitting on the standard toilet pinches the colon, hindering complete elimination. |
Ray D. Strand
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 This in turn causes platelets to adhere to the plaque and the artery around the plaque to go into spasm.
Figure 3 - Clogged Artery
Adherence and aggregation of platelets
Foam-ceil formation
_ and entry of leukocytes x T-cell activation
Smooth-muscle migration
The foam-cells begin to accumulate, attracting in more monocytes, which eventually become foam-cells themselves. Smooth muscle begins to proliferate and also begins to migrate into this area and the lumen of the artery begins to narrow. |
| This leads to a much thicker plaque, and the process of hardening of the arteries is now well under way.
This chronic inflammation also causes the muscle layer of the artery to thicken by a process called proliferation, the building up of more and thicker muscle cells. As a result, the artery begins to narrow. See Figure 3.
This entire process is a vicious cycle. Not only is there a buildup of plaque, but there is also a thickening of the artery. Normally, the layer of endothelium functions well by releasing an important product called nitrous oxide. |
| You can see now why this disease is so silent and unsuspected until the plaque ruptures and actually blocks the artery.) Oxidative stress may also cause the breakdown of these plaques, which eventually leads to their rupture.
Arteries can keep narrowing to the point that they become occluded (shut off). Have you ever had a friend or family member who had dye injected into his arteries to find out whether he had severe narrowing of one or all of his coronary arteries? These patients have usually had symptoms of chest pain or what doctors call unstable angina. |
Ann N. Martin
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| The Nylabone plaque Attacker and Gumma-Bone are made of flexible material which, when swallowed, could become lodged somewhere in the intestinal tract. In November 2001, the company pulled the plaque Attacker from the shelves. Many people still have these and I advise that they dispose of them. The manufacturer of Nylabone has announced that it will be introducing a new product to replace the one discontinued.
A lucrative line of pet treats made from parts of animals, such as pig ears, cow hooves, and turkey necks, grace the shelves of pet stores. |
Gerald E. Markle and Frances B. McCrea
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 The old idea was this: "coronary disease is akin to sludge building up in a pipe." plaque accumulates slowlv and irreversibly until one day blood cannot get through a small vessel and the patient has a heart attack. The new idea is that arteries almost never close with sludge, but rather plaque breaks off from any number of places and causes a clot which gets caught downstream, causing a heart attack. Thus, stents and cabbages cannot prevent the formation of these deadly clots. |
Peter J. Whitehouse and Daniel George
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| Beta-Amyloid Protein (BAP) plaque. BAPs, one of the neuropathological features of Alzheimer's, are composed of a core of beta-amyloid protein surrounded by degenerating nerve cell processes. (Courtesy of the National Institute on Aging, Alzheimer's Disease: Unraveling the Mystery) spherical protein deposits in nerve cells. Plaques and tangles don't show up on routine neuroimaging scans, leaving only two ways to detect their presence: by autopsying the brain after a patient has died or by performing a
Figure 6. Neurofibrillary Tangle. |
Dr. Steve Blake
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 The creation of atherosclerotic plaque and its progression to heart disease is only partially understood. When LDL levels in the blood are elevated, the oxidation of LDL may lead to the accumulation of fatty slabs on the inside of the arterial walls. This is the leading theory of the development of atherosclerotic plaque. The elevated levels of oxidized LDL stimulate macrophages to attack the LDL using free radicals. This causes more oxidized LDL. The macrophages become bloated foam cells and these foam cells attach to the inside of the artery. |
Connie Bennett, C.H.H.C. with Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D.
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 Hyperlipidemia—Blood fat disorders, mainly high triglycerides (fats that circulate in the blood), and low levels of the "good" HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which can clean out your coronary arteries and prevent plaque buildup. If you have high triglycerides and low HDL, you are at risk for plaque building up in your artery walls.
Hypertension (high blood pressure)—Your blood pressure reads 130/85 mmHg (millimeters of mercury) or higher.
Prothrombotic state—You have an increased tendency for blood to clot.
Proinflammatory state—The lining of your blood vessels is inflamed. |
Shannon Brownlee
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 Crofton's vessels narrow in several places where plaque, an accumulation of gunky, inflamed cells, has built up. The worst stenosis is blocking a main branch of an artery almost completely; blood can barely squeak by. This is the likely culprit in her angina, which occurs when tiny blood clots or bits of plaque get stuck in a narrow spot, temporarily blocking the flow of blood. Altschuler asks one of the technicians to bring him a stent, an expandable wire mesh tube no wider than a pine needle. |
Amarjit S. Basra
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 It finds commercial use today in dentifrices wherein it inhibits plaque formation partly as a consequence of its bacteriostatic action against bacteria believed to play a role in plaque formation aided by its ability to cling to plaque itself.7 The antimicrobial activity of sanguinarine and its analogs is well established in laboratory studies and is likely to be a consequence of its ability to intercalate into DNA.8 Sanguinarine forms reversible adducts with a number of nucleophiles, including alcohols in basic solutions. |
John J. Ratey, MD
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 Carl Cotman tested the effects of exercise on mice bred with a gene predisposing them to plaque buildup and found that exercise slowed down the accumulation compared to the inactive mice. Exercise also prevents inflammation, which Cotman believes might trigger the plaque accumulation— inflammation increases in the transition stage from cognitive decline to Alzheimer's.
Mattson found the same sort of result in rats that had their dopamine neurons knocked out to mimic the biology of Parkinson's. |
Amarjit S. Basra
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| It finds commercial use today in dentifrices wherein it inhibits plaque formation partly as a consequence of its bacteriostatic action against bacteria believed to play a role in plaque formation aided by its ability to cling to plaque itself.7 The antimicrobial activity of sanguinarine and its analogs is well established in laboratory studies and is likely to be a consequence of its ability to intercalate into DNA.8 Sanguinarine forms reversible adducts with a number of nucleophiles, including alcohols in basic solutions. |
Byron J. Richards, CCN
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 Around the same time, other researchers proved that inflammation leading to plaque formation involved excess production of TNFa and NF kappaB.711 Both studies show that these issues can be reversed with antioxidants.
There is no question that excess inflammation is a prime cause of plaque accumulation. There is also no question that leptin resistance tilts the entire body into a more pro-inflammatory condition. Excess NF kappaB is at the core of this issue in terms of how much plaque forms. It is the prime causative mechanism behind the excess clotting that leads to a heart attack or stroke. |
J. Douglas Bremner
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 Cholesterol collects in a damaged section of the artery wall in something called a plaque, which is a collection of calcium, cholesterol, and inflammatory scar tissue. The plaque can either build up to the point that it clogs the artery, or it can rupture and clog the artery that way. The disease also increases the risk of stroke, which is caused by the clogging of an artery in the brain.
Because cholesterol is found in arteries of the heart that have become clogged, it is assumed that lowering cholesterol will solve the problem. |
Brigitte Mars, A.H.G.
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 The herb offers many benefits to gum tissues: it interferes with bacteria's ability to convert carbohydrates into a gum-eating acid, and it also blocks an enzyme that acts to destroy collagen in the gum tissue, thereby reducing plaque buildup. It is used in the treatment of arthritis, asthma, bronchitis, cancer, croup, fever, intestinal dryness, laryngitis, phlegm buildup, rheumatism, tuberculosis, tumors, vaginal dryness, and whooping cough.
Topically, bloodroot can be made into a salve to treat cancer, eczema, fungal infection, nasal polyps, plaque buildup, ringworm, and warts. |
Melody Petersen
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 They found that the brains of the patients who had taken anticholinergic drugs for two years or longer had more than twice the level of abnormal clumps of amyloid plaque and tangled bundles of fibers as those who had not taken the drugs or had taken them for a short time. Such plaque and tangled fibers in the brain are considered the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease.
Doctors have found that this medication-induced dementia often reverses if it is found and the patient stops taking the offending drug. But how many people never learn that it was their medicine that took their minds away? |
Connie Bennett, C.H.H.C. with Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D.
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| If you have high triglycerides and low HDL, you are at risk for plaque building up in your artery walls.
Hypertension (high blood pressure)—Your blood pressure reads 130/85 mmHg (millimeters of mercury) or higher.
Prothrombotic state—You have an increased tendency for blood to clot.
Proinflammatory state—The lining of your blood vessels is inflamed. This is one of the first steps to forming plaque in your arteries.
According to recent estimates, some 47 to 95 million adults now have metabolic syndrome (Syndrome X). |
Herbert Ross, DC with Keri Brenner, L.Ac.
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 The supplements generally contain a combination of herbs, nutrients, enzymes, and toxin absorbers designed to help remove the buildup mucoid plaque from the colon and enhance digestion and absorption of food. Many of these supplements include ingredients that also cleanse the liver, gallbladder, and lymph. It's important to note that cleansing supplements should not be confused with laxatives. The latter are not considered to be a healthy alternative. Laxatives can cause dehydration, and they only stimulate the muscular movement of the colon but do nothing to loosen and remove mucoid plaque. |
Tom Bohager
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 Deposits of food particles, mucus, and bacteria often cause an accumulation of plaque. Gingivitis is the accumulation of plaque around the teeth that causes the gum tissue to become swollen, red, and infected. The gums often bleed. Aside from poor dental maintenance and care, a poor diet, poorly fitted fillings that irritate the gums, and frequent breathing through the mouth can also aggravate or cause gingivitis.
If gingivitis goes untreated, it can develop into periodontitis. This ailment is also often related to a deficiency of calcium, folic acid, niacin, bioflavonoid, or vitamin C. |
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