by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | | Another concern is paralytic shellfish poisoning, or psp. Normally associated with red tide, psp can be present even in clear waters. Caused by a marine biotoxin ingested by shellfish, including clams, psp can cause symptoms that include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and tingling or burning lips, gums, tongue, face, neck, arms, legs, and toes. Should you experience any of these symptoms, immediately seek emergency medical assistance as no specific antidote exists. | Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts | How do you rip your movie collection, for example, to a format that can play on the psp?
The psp is a really capable portable movie player. It's not just a gaming machine -- although it's very good for games -- it's also a great way to watch videos when you are away from your home entertainment system. You can take a couple of movies anywhere in your carry-on luggage or your briefcase, without dragging along a large device like a laptop.
One of the solutions for getting video onto a psp or other portable video player is a device called the Neuros MPEG4 Recorder. | James F. Balch, M.D. and Mark Stengler, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | PSA doubling time: A pilot clin-Conference on Diet and Prevention of Cancer, effect of psp on the toxic and side reaction . In Advanced Research in psp, ed. Q. Yang, for Health Care Ltd.
T. Fujimura, K. Iwasaki, M. Katano, H. . Kondo, et al. 1990. Significant prolongation of disease-free period gained by oral polysaccharide K (PSK) administration after curative surgical operation of colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy 31(5):261-68.
Candidiasis (Thrush and Yeast Infection)
Candida albicans is one of the many types of fungi that live and grow inside most human bodies. | by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | | Caused by a marine biotoxin ingested by shellfish, including clams, psp can cause symptoms that include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and tingling or burning lips, gums, tongue, face, neck, arms, legs, and toes. Should you experience any of these symptoms, immediately seek emergency medical assistance as no specific antidote exists.
Your risk of contracting psp can be further reduced by eating only the light, white portions and not any of the dark areas, such as the tip of the siphon, or digestive organs, of mollusks. | James F. Balch, M.D. and Mark Stengler, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | In this study, 650 people with cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy and radiation were given either psp or a placebo, and their side effects were assessed. Researchers used twenty different criteria to assess adverse reactions and determined that people receiving psp had markedly fewer side effects than did those receiving placebo. n a study at the I University of Texas Medical Center in Houston, researchers found that astragalus restored or enhanced the function of white blood cells that were taken from people with cancer. | Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts | That way I can buy movies like "Oceans Eleven," which I think is a great film, and I can watch "Oceans Eleven" on my home DVD player or take it with me on a psp or an iRiver, PMP, or other portable media device. If I ever sell that movie on DVD, I will delete those files. That's the honest way to handle it as a consumer. I'm supporting the movie studios by buying the DVDs, but I'm also allowing myself to be able to watch that DVD on a number of different devices that I own. | | One question is, for example, is it appropriate for you to rip your DVDs to a format that will play on a portable video device such as the iPod or the psp? The manufacturers who make these devices and the companies that own video content would much prefer that you never rip these movies into any other format. There's a profit motive behind that stance. They want you to buy every movie two, three or four times, once for every format. For example, you've probably purchased many videos in VHS format back in the days when VHS tapes were the only things available. | by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | | Normally associated with red tide, psp can be present even in clear waters. Caused by a marine biotoxin ingested by shellfish, including clams, psp can cause symptoms that include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and tingling or burning lips, gums, tongue, face, neck, arms, legs, and toes. Should you experience any of these symptoms, immediately seek emergency medical assistance as no specific antidote exists. | | Your risk of contracting psp can be further reduced by eating only the light, white portions and not any of the dark areas, such as the tip of the siphon, or digestive organs, of mollusks. Remove these portions before cooking and wash the remainder thoroughly.
Steamed mollusks are typically cooked just until they open, which takes only a minute or two, not nearly enough time to raise the temperature in the mollusk to a level hot enough to kill bacteria and inactivate any virus that may be present. | James F. Balch, M.D. and Mark Stengler, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | Super Seven Prescriptions—Cancer
Super Prescription #1 Coriolus versicolor (Trametes versicolor)
Take 1,000 mg three times daily of the psp or PSK standardized extracts on an empty stomach. Coriolus contains polysaccharides that have been shown to enhance immune function. It is mainly used for esophageal, lung, stomach, and colon cancer. Note: It can be safely used in conjunction with conventional treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation).
Super Prescription #2 Maitake (Grifola frondosaX) Take 0. | | In Advanced Research in psp, ed. Q. Yang, for Health Care Ltd.
T. Fujimura, K. Iwasaki, M. Katano, H. . Kondo, et al. 1990. Significant prolongation of disease-free period gained by oral polysaccharide K (PSK) administration after curative surgical operation of colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy 31(5):261-68.
Candidiasis (Thrush and Yeast Infection)
Candida albicans is one of the many types of fungi that live and grow inside most human bodies. | Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D. See book keywords and concepts | PSK and psp are not available in the United States. Whether the hot water-extracted Coriolus products available in the United States are equivalent to the products used extensively in Japanese cancer research remains unknown. The amount used in most research trials is 3 grams per day.
Asian ginseng (page 630) (Panax ginseng) Many studies of animals with cancer suggest Asian ginseng may improve immune function (page 255) and increase lifespan. | Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts | The Sony PlayStation portable, or psp, is in many ways a better video player, although it has its own limitations, which will be covered in another review. For now, keep your eyes open for new products. Personally, I would stick with products made in Japan, including products from Apple, Creative or other companies that have a good reputation for quality control. For the time being, I recommend that everyone avoid any products made by iRiver, other than their IFP 700, 800, and 900 series MP3 players and recorders, which are, as I've said many times before, outstanding MP3 devices. | Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts | The videos play very well on the psp if you copy them to the right folder with the right name on the Memory Stick. The audio volume may seem a little low from time to time, but if you use headphones, it usually takes care of that problem. So the unit works, and it does fulfill its promises.
Limitations of the Neuros
What's lacking from the unit ultimately prevents me from giving it a five-star rating. First of all, the unit has its own user interface which is quite clunky. It's a bit difficult to navigate at first and it's not at all visually appealing. | | One of the solutions for getting video onto a psp or other portable video player is a device called the Neuros MPEG4 Recorder. The Neuros Recorder is a standalone recording device. It's only slightly larger than a deck of cards, and it rips incoming video to flash memory such as CompactFlash cards or Memory Stick Pro duo cards. There's no PC required, no USB connection and no software to install. You simply plug the video and audio into this Neuros device, hit play and start recording.
I've tested the unit extensively. It has some strong points and some weak points. | James F. Balch, M.D. and Mark Stengler, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | Researchers used twenty different criteria to assess adverse reactions and determined that people receiving psp had markedly fewer side effects than did those receiving placebo. n a study at the I University of Texas Medical Center in Houston, researchers found that astragalus restored or enhanced the function of white blood cells that were taken from people with cancer. Interestingly, some of the damaged cells were so much improved that they became more active than normal cells taken from people who were cancer free. | John Boik See book keywords and concepts | A related compound, polysaccharide peptide psp (also from Coriolus versicolor) has shown antitumor activity in animals and appears to prolong the lifespan of cancer patients (reviewed in Yang and Kwok, 1993). Although much of PSP's activity may be secondary to immu-nostimulation, it is possible that heparanase inhibition is also occurring.
Sulfated polysaccharides may also inhibit angiogenesis, although through a different mechanism. A sulfated polysaccharide-peptide complex obtained from the bacterial cell wall of the Arthrobacter sp. | Christopher Hobbs See book keywords and concepts | As a result of psp, side effects from the conventional therapies most significantly lessened in the categories of pain, poor appetite, tiredness, weakness, and dryness of the mouth and throat. The clinicians noted that in TCM, this indicates an invigorating action on the heart and spleen. Compared to control patients, body weight in the psp group was significantly higher, and their T-cell ratio, NK cell activity, and IL-2 levels were also higher. | | Powder the dried fruiting bodies and take up to 5 grams a day in capsules. For psp, one gram 3 times daily (Yang & Jong, 1989).
Related Species
T. pubescens has exhibited anti-tumor activity (Shibata et al, 1968), and T. hirsutus is also active against sarcoma 180 in mice, and it is a popular folk remedy for benefiting lung diseases, stopping coughing, and promoting the regeneration of muscle (Ying et al, 1987). Coriolus consors contains coriolin, an antibiotic that has been shown to inhibit Gram-positive bacteria and Trichomonas vaginalis (Takeuchi et al, 1969). | Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik See book keywords and concepts | PSK and psp are glycoproteins containing beta-glucans.
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
ACTIONS
Myco-polysaccharides may have immunomodulatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, lipid-lowering and glucose-regulating activities.
MECHANISM OF ACTION
The best studied of the mushroom beta-glucans is lentinan. Lentinan is typically used parenterally and appears to have little antitumor activity when administered orally. Parenterally administered lentinan has been demonstrated to have immunomodulatory activity. | | The most studied mushroom beta-glucans, all of which are available in Japan for use as biological response modifiers, are lentinan from Lentinus edodes; grifolan (also called GRN and grifolan LE) from Grifola frondosa; schizophyllan (also called SPG, sonifilan, sizofiran and sizofilan) from Schizophyllum commune; SSG from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; PSK (also called krestin) from Coriolus versicolor, and psp (polysaccharide peptide), also from Coriolus versicolor.
The beta-glucan lentinan is comprised of a beta-(l^>3)-D-glucan backbone with beta-(l—» 6)-glucan side chains. | John Boik See book keywords and concepts | Some of these, such as psp, PSK, and lentinan (from Lentinus edodes) may prolong the life-span of tumor-bearing animals and humans (reviewed by Chihara, 1992; Chihara et al., 1987; and Yang and Kwok, 1993). Oral doses are normally about three grams per day. Lower doses are used when the agents are administered intravenously.
It may be worthwhile to combine melatonin and glutathione (or NAC or cysteine) with herbal immunostimu-lants, since these may all act together to increase interleukin-2 activity. Oral melatonin is well absorbed. | Henry Pasternak, D.V.M., C.V.A. See book keywords and concepts | One extract known as psp, a polysaccharide-peptide consisting of 10 percent peptides and 90 percent polysaccharide, has been shown to enhance natural killer (NK) cell function, lymphocyte proliferation, and IgG and IL-2 concentration in immunosuppressed rats.35 The other extract is well known as PSK (Krestin), a protein-bound polysaccharide. It has demonstrated benefits through a variety of immune actions in human, animal, and in vitro research. | Christopher Hobbs See book keywords and concepts | The oral LD50 of psp is reported as 10.0 mg/kg. Negative results were found on the Ames and chromosome distortion tests (Yang & Jong, 1989).
Uses in Traditional Medicine
The taste and energy is sweet and slightly warm; enters the spleen and heart meridians; invigorates the spirit (Yang et al, 1993).
In TCM, T. versicolor is used to clear dampness, reduce phlegm, heal pulmonary disorders (Ying et al, 1986), strengthen the physique, increase energy, and benefit people with chronic diseases (Yang & Jong, 1989). | | Currently, it is known that Cordyceps (Zhang et al, 1985), lentinan and LEM from shiitake (Ladanyi et al, 1993), and protein-bound polysaccharides from Trametes versicolor (PSK, psp) (Yang et al, 1993; Nguyen & Stadtsbaeder, 1979) have shown an ability to stimulate macrophage activity and strengthen our immune system's fight against infection from bacteria and viruses.
Herbs and other natural remedies that activate the immune system include echinacea, eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.), wild indigo (Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f.), osha (Ligusticum porteri J. M. | J. E. Williams, O.M.D. See book keywords and concepts | Of the many mushrooms studied, five chemicals have shown activity against human cancers: lentinan from the shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes); active hexose correlated compound (AHCC), also from shiitake; maitake D-fraction from the maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa); schizophyllan from Schizophyllum commune; and various proteoglycans (PSK and psp) from Coriolus versicolor.
The ones most commonly available on the American market are the trade combinations AHCC and MGM-3 (discussed below). Other mushroom extract combinations are also available, and research continues on new promising species. | Christopher Hobbs See book keywords and concepts | Procurement
Review the Notes section above for information on collection from the wild—it is widely available, often in large quantities. psp and PSK are just beginning to be available in the U.S. and Europe, and are commonly prescribed in Japan for a variety of diseases and as a "health food" as discussed above.
Tremella Fuciformis Berk.
(tremell=trembling; fuci=painted, colored; formis=form)
Bai Mu Erh (Snow Fungus)
Synonyms
No data.
Other Common Names
T. | John Boik See book keywords and concepts | Although much of PSP's activity may be secondary to immu-nostimulation, it is possible that heparanase inhibition is also occurring.
Sulfated polysaccharides may also inhibit angiogenesis, although through a different mechanism. A sulfated polysaccharide-peptide complex obtained from the bacterial cell wall of the Arthrobacter sp. inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM assay, apparently by inhibiting endothelial cell DNA synthesis (Tanaka et al., 1989). It is interesting to speculate that this may be due to a direct effect on endothelial cell CAMs. | Christopher Hobbs See book keywords and concepts | The two principal immunologically active fractions are PSK or "Krestin," a water-soluble, protein-bound polysaccharide that has (3— 1, 4-glucan as its main component as well as 13-1,3 linkages and 38% protein (Sakagami and Takeda, 1993), and psp, a polysaccharide-peptide consisting of 10% peptides and 90% polysaccharides (Yang et al, 1993). Miyazaki et al (1974) isolated an antitumor polysaccharide that did not contain nitrogen and called it coriolan. |
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