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Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet Mark Lynas See book keywords and concepts

But the drought clock was always ticking: mayan reservoirs could only hold enough water for 18 months. This was of great concern to both kings and peasantry: the cultural glue that held mayan society together was a kind of compact, whereby in return for luxury and adulation the kings would perform sacrifices and rituals in order to satisfy the gods and keep the rains coming on time. In times of perennial drought, the ruler's claim to divinity would begin to look rather threadbare, and his once loyal subjects might contemplate revolt or even regicide once starvation loomed.

FDA refuses to pull dangerous diabetes drug Avandia, even knowing it will kill thousands Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts

I find it curious that a movie like Apocalypto, which shows the widespread practice of human sacrifice in the mayan culture, is looked upon with shock and horror by most American consumers while, in reality, America is sacrificing far more of its people upon the altar of corporate profits. The number of bloodied heads rolling down the steps of the pyramid of corporate profits in America today makes the mayan practice of human sacrifice seem tiny in comparison.

101 Foods That Could Save Your Life! David W. Grotto, RD, LDN See book keywords and concepts

According to the mayan and Aztec legends, cacao was discovered by the gods in a mountain in South America. The cacao tree is believed to have originated in the foothills of the Andes in the Amazon, and in South America. From there, the Mayans brought the cocoa tree to Central America. The first documented commercial shipment of cocoa beans occurred in 1585 between Veracruz, Mexico, and Seville, Spain. The first cocoa beverage outside of South and Central America was served in Italy in 1606. Soon after, cocoa spread throughout Europe.

The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science Alexander Hellemans and Brian Bunch See book keywords and concepts

The ability of scholars to read mayan writing, or glyphs, continues to contribute to a new understanding of the rise and fall of the mayan civilization. In 1959, Heinrich Berlin became the first to recognize that some mayan glyphs were the names of ceremonial centers. The following year, Titiana ProskouriakofT learned to read the glyphs for the names of mayan rulers. By the time the government of Honduras started a major new excavation project at Copan, in 1975, more than half the mayan glyphs had been translated.

Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet Mark Lynas See book keywords and concepts

Lake-floor records drilled from the region show clear evidence of long-term dryness at just the time of the mayan collapse. Further evidence from ocean sediments confirms that the mayan Classic Period ended with the double blow of an extended dry period 'punctuated by more intense multiyear droughts' between ad 810 and 910. In his book Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive, Jared Diamond identifies the Maya collapse as a classic case of ecological overshoot, where a highly developed society overreaches its resource base, leaving itself vulnerable to a natural disaster like drought.

The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science Alexander Hellemans and Brian Bunch See book keywords and concepts

The ability of scholars to read mayan writing, or glyphs, continues to contribute to a new understanding of the rise and fall of the mayan civilization. In 1959, Heinrich Berlin became the first to recognize that some mayan glyphs were the names of ceremonial centers. The following year, Titiana ProskouriakofT learned to read the glyphs for the names of mayan rulers. By the time the government of Honduras started a major new excavation project at Copan, in 1975, more than half the mayan glyphs had been translated.

The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D. See book keywords and concepts

Symbols of life and fertility in the mayan civilization, cocoa pods were carved into stone palaces and temples as early as 300 c.e. By 600 c.e., mayan territory had expanded from the Yucatan Peninsula north to the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. In the Yucatan, Mayans were cultivating the earliest known cocoa plantation, and the cocoa pod, which was often represented in religious rituals, was referred to as "the gods' food." By the sixth century c.e.

The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs: A Guide to Understanding and Using Herbal Medicinals Leslie Taylor, ND See book keywords and concepts

Mayan healers in Guatemala boil the bark into a decoction to treat stomach inflammation and regular stomachaches. Mutamba was a magical plant to the ancient Mayans, who also used it against "magical illnesses" and evil spells. In the Amazon, indigenous people have long used mutamba for asthma, bronchitis, diarrhea, kidney problems, and syphilis. They use a bark decoction topically for baldness, leprosy, and various skin diseases. Mutamba holds a place in herbal medicine systems in many tropical countries; chiefly the bark and leaves are used.

Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet Mark Lynas See book keywords and concepts

Mysteries of the Maya Many visitors to Mexico's mayan ruins feel that there is something special about Palenque. Its pyramids aren't as huge as those at Chichen Itza, and its temples aren't as remote and photogenically mist-wreathed as those at Tikal. Perhaps it is the knowledge that only 5 per cent of the ancient city has so far been excavated, and the exciting sight of mysterious mounds still covered in trees next to tracks leading off into the jungle. Or the recently deciphered hieroglyphs telling of supernatural deeds by holy kings and brave warriors.

The Genie in Your Genes: Epigenetic Medicine and the New Biology of Intention Dawson Church See book keywords and concepts

Women of the mayan community of Solola, Guatemala, using TFT2 Wanted: One thousand People Under the impact of changes in consciousness, our social DNA is changing as surely as our physical DNA might do. The cells of the immune system are few in number compared to the trillions of cells in our bodies. Yet they play a dominant role in keeping the whole organism healthy Every cell in the body does not have to be an immune system cell in order to fight off infection. It only takes a few.

Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations David R. Montgomery See book keywords and concepts

In some areas extensive terracing began around ad 250 and then spread across the landscape as the population continued to expand for another six and a half centuries. mayan farmers terraced hillsides to create flat planting surfaces, slow erosion by overland flow, and divert water to fields. However, in major areas like Tikal and Copan there is little evidence for soil conservation efforts. Even with erosion control efforts, deposition of soil eroded from surrounding slopes disrupted wetland agriculture practiced in sinkholes.

As the grear mayan cities rose from the jungle, people kept clearing land as their ancestors had done, but they stopped moving their fields. The tropical soils of the Yucatan Peninsula are thin and easily eroded. Under sustained cultivation, the high productivity obtained right after clearing and burning rapidly declines. Compounding this problem, the lack of domesticated animals meant no manure for replenishing the soil. Just as in Gteece and Rome, rising demand for food and declining productivity compelled cultivation of increasingly marginal land.

Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet Mark Lynas See book keywords and concepts

These abandoned villages and towns may lie untouched for centuries, just as the ruins of their residents' mayan ancestors did before them. They too will hold a lesson for a future world. But whether any humans will be around to learn it is far from clear, as the following chapters will show. Mumbais monsoon The crops of 60 per cent of the world's population depend on a single recurrent weather feature: the Asian summer monsoon.

Food Plants of the World: An illustrated guide Ben-Erik van Wyk See book keywords and concepts

It is also known as Mexican husk tomato or mayan husk tomato. Cultivars include the green-fruited 'Rendidora' and the yellow-fruited 'New Sugar Giant'. Origin & history The tomatillo was an important staple food in the mayan and Aztec cultures and has been cultivated in Mexico and Guatemala for many centuries. In recent times, it has been distributed to many parts of the world as a new fruit crop. Parts used The ripe fruit. Cultivation & harvesting Plants are usually grown from seeds and thrive in temperate and subtropical regions.

Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet Mark Lynas See book keywords and concepts

This was of great concern to both kings and peasantry: the cultural glue that held mayan society together was a kind of compact, whereby in return for luxury and adulation the kings would perform sacrifices and rituals in order to satisfy the gods and keep the rains coming on time. In times of perennial drought, the ruler's claim to divinity would begin to look rather threadbare, and his once loyal subjects might contemplate revolt or even regicide once starvation loomed. When the long drought struck, it seems, that's exactly what happened.

Women's Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine: Alternative Therapies and Integrative Medicine for Total Health and Wellness Tori Hudson, N.D. See book keywords and concepts

For example, Japanese and Indonesian women report far fewer hot flashes than do women from Western societies.10 mayan women in the Yucatan do not report any symptoms at menopause other than menstrual cycle irregularity.11 Many researchers have attributed these differences to biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors. The clearest explanation for hot flashes is that they appear to be the body's response to a sudden but transient downward resetting of the body's thermostat, which is located in the hypothalamus.

Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations David R. Montgomery See book keywords and concepts

Since the early 1980s landless peasant farmers have turned much of the region's forest into traditional mayan milpas (small cultivated fields). A twentyfold increase in population from 1964 to 1997 has transformed the region from nearly unbroken forest to a nearly deforested landscape. Soils on most of the region's hillslopes consisted of an organic horizon above a thin mineral soil sitting directly on weakly weathered limestone bedrock.

By the second century bc, large ceremonial and commercial centers like Tikal coalesced into a complex hierarchical society of city-states with a common language, culture, and architecture. mayan cities were comparable in size to Sumerian city-states. At its peak Tikal was home to from thirty thousand to fifty thousand people. The first settled Mesoamerican communities grew to regional prominence after maize was domesticated about 2000 bc. Over the next thousand years, small villages came to depend on cultivating maize to supplement hunting and gathering from the wild lands between villages.

FDA refuses to pull dangerous diabetes drug Avandia, even knowing it will kill thousands Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts

The number of bloodied heads rolling down the steps of the pyramid of corporate profits in America today makes the mayan practice of human sacrifice seem tiny in comparison.

You Don't Have to be Afraid of Cancer Anymore Bill Sardi See book keywords and concepts

Mayan women from Guatemala look forward to menopause and their newfound freedom and consider the symptoms of menopause as evidence of their improved status. [Maturitas 44: 293-97, 2003] In contrast, many women in America have been conditioned to run to the doctor for a pill for their hot flashes and night sweats. Anatomy of the female breast Pectoralis muscles Lobul Nipple survace Areola Fatty tissue TREATMENT Breast cancer treatment A lot of the success of treatment depends upon just how extensive breast cancer is on the day of its discovery.

PDR for Herbal Medicines, Fourth Edition Thomson Healthcare, Inc. See book keywords and concepts

The antimicrobial properties of chili peppers (Capsicum species) and their uses in mayan medicine. J Ethnopharmacol; 52:61-70. 1996 Cruz L, Castaneda-Hernandez G, Navarrete A et al. Ingestion of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) reduces salicylate bioavailability after oral aspirin administration in the rat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol Jun;77(6):441-6. 1999 Deal CL, Schnitzer TJ, Lipstein E et al. Treatment of arthritis with topical capsaicin: a double-blind trial. Clin Ther; 13(3):383-395. 1991 De Ridder D, Chandiramani V, Dasgupta P et al.

Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations David R. Montgomery See book keywords and concepts

Both are about a hundred times slower than erosion from cultivated slopes. The mayan heartland was not the only place where soil influenced Native American civilizations. Soils of central Mexico tell similar stories of severe erosion on steep hillslopes undermining agriculture. In the late 1940s UC Berkeley professor Sherburne Cook drove around the central Mexican plateau and concluded that the land was in poorest condition in areas that had supported the largest populations before the Spanish conquest.

Transdermal Magnesium Therapy Mark Sircus See book keywords and concepts

For instance, mayan women from South America (Beyene, 1986) and Rajput women in India (Kaufert, 1982) report no 'symptoms'. According to Lock et al (1988) Japanese women rarely mention hot flushes and the incidence of other problems such as backache and headache is low. It is therefore expected that due to the cross-cultural nature of the sample certain differences are likely to emerge with regard to physical, psychological and socio-cultural menopause experiences. Women, body and society. Cross-cultural differences in menopause experiences; Gabriella Berger & Eberhard Wenzel; See: www.ldb.

Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations David R. Montgomery See book keywords and concepts

As in the bajos of the mayan jungle, pits dug into the swampy valley bottom sediments in the Upper Lerma Basin in central Mexico also record increased soil erosion from the surrounding slopes beginning around 1100 bc. Soil erosion then intensified during expansion of settlements in the late classic and early postclassic periods beginning about ad 600. On his tour fourteen centuries later, Cook recognized that the areas populated most densely in preconquest times had the worst soil exhaustion.

The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D. See book keywords and concepts

Mayan territory had expanded from the Yucatan Peninsula north to the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. In the Yucatan, Mayans were cultivating the earliest known cocoa plantation, and the cocoa pod, which was often represented in religious rituals, was referred to as "the gods' food." By the sixth century c.e., the Maya, who called the cocoa tree cacahuaquchtl, were already using its seeds to make a cold, very spicy, bitter drink they called xocoatl, meaning "bitter water.

The Hero with a Thousand Faces Joseph Campbell Joseph Campbell See book keywords and concepts

The mayan version of the world-end is represented in an illustration covering the last page of the Dresden Codex.9 This ancient manuscript records the cycles of the planets and from those 8 Reprinted by permission of the Harvard University Press from Henry Clarke Warren, Buddhism in Translations, pp. 38-39. 9 Sylvanus G. Morley, An Introduction to the Study of the Maya Hieroglyphics (57th Bulletin, Bureau of American Ethnology; Washington, 1915), Plate 3 (facing p. 32). deduces calculations of vast cosmic cycles.

Plant Spirit Healing: A Guide to Working with Plant Consciousness Pam Montgomery See book keywords and concepts

Each plant has its own personality or, in the words of the Tzutujil mayan shaman Martin Prechtel, "lives according to its own true nature," so that Violet is soothing, cooling, and contains mucilage whereas Dandelion stimulates digestion, tones the liver, and aids the gall bladder. Violet is shy and unassuming while Dandelion is bold verging on aggressive. Spirit is alive in each of these plants but makes room for the diversity of their individual natures so that each has its own unique spirit and at the same time contains the wholeness of spirit within it.

SWEAT LODGE Sweating for purification has taken place in one form or another for centuries, in Finnish saunas, Turkish hammans, Roman bathhouses, Russian banias, Irish sweathouses, mayan temescals, and Native American sweat lodges. All of our ancestors engaged in sweating for purposes of physical and spiritual purification. Who knows how the original sweathouse came about? What we do know is that humans, from the beginning of time, revered the magic of fire. In the sweathouse the mysterious power of fire is captured in the form of hot stones.

Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet Mark Lynas See book keywords and concepts

Further evidence from ocean sediments confirms that the mayan Classic Period ended with the double blow of an extended dry period 'punctuated by more intense multiyear droughts' between ad 810 and 910. In his book Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive, Jared Diamond identifies the Maya collapse as a classic case of ecological overshoot, where a highly developed society overreaches its resource base, leaving itself vulnerable to a natural disaster like drought.

Corporate Greed, Intellectual Property Laws and the Destruction of Human Civilization Mike Adams, the Health Ranger See article keywords and concepts

Traditional herbalists -- whether they're Native American, Aborigine, Australian, South American, Incan, mayan or from any other culture -- would ask plants for permission when they harvested them from the natural environment. They would thank the plant when they took its leaves, roots, or flowers, or rhizomes. Today our corporations say, "We own the planet, and we'll take what we want. We'll punish anybody else who tries to grow this plant because we own its intellectual property.

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