Jack Challem
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 To identify interesterified fats on food packages, look for the phrases "interesterified soybean oil," "interesterified vegetable oil," "fully hydrogenated oil," "high in stearic acid," or "stearate rich" in the ingredient list on food labels.
Avoid all foods containing trans fats, shortening, and partially hydrogenated vegetable oils.These ingredients may not be identified in restaurants, so avoid all fried foods and be wary of prepared salad dressings. |
Bottom Line Health
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| The hydrogenation process: A vegetable oil is first refined using chemical solvents and is then mixed with a metal catalyst, such as nickel oxide. The vegetable oil is then subjected to hydrogen gas in a high-pressure, high-temperature reactor. After that, deodorizing agents and bleaches are added. |
Jack Challem
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| Do the salad dressings contain vegetable oil, such as soybean oil, or olive oil? If they are made with vegetable oil, ask for oil-and-vinegar dressing.
• Would you leave the croutons off the salad?
• Would you bring fajitas but hold the tortillas?
• Is the chicken or the fish breaded, battered, or dusted with flour? Ask that the cook not use flour.
Sure Bets When Eating Out
Are you trying to figure out what you can reliably order in a restaurant? |
Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S.
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 Do not —repeat, do nor—buy the kind that's packed in vegetable oil, which simply loads them up with highly inflammatory omega-6 fats from a heavily processed oil that does nothing good for you. If you're really trying to reduce the fat for some reason, go with sardines packed in tomato sauce. Or mustard sauce. Anything but vegetable oil is fine.
Tuna
Canned tuna is the second most popular seafood product in the United States after shrimp. If other healthy foods were that popular, we'd be in good shape.
All of the good stuff about seafood applies, of course, to tuna. |
Jack Challem
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 This particular type of vegetable oil is found in many margarines, salad dressings, vegetable shortening, breads, cookies, muffins, and literally thousands of prepackaged convenience foods, as well as in many fast foods.
Partially hydrogenated vegetable oils are manufactured by adding hydrogen atoms to vegetable oils, such as soybean oil, and they are rich in trans-fatty acids. Hydrogenation increases the manufacturability and shelf life of oils, but it has serious health consequences. |
Bottom Line Health
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| The hydrogenation process: A vegetable oil is first refined using chemical solvents and is then mixed with a metal catalyst, such as nickel oxide. The vegetable oil is then subjected to hydrogen gas in a high-pressure, high-temperature reactor. After that, deodorizing agents and bleaches are added. |
| This hydrogenation process not only creates a cheaper, cleaner-smelling, longer-lasting alternative to lard, butter and beef fat, it also changes the molecular configuration of the oil, resulting in a substance that bears no nutritional resemblance to the healthful vegetable oil from which it was derived.
Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil has become the primary fat used in food manufacturing in the US.
DANGERS OF TRANS FATS
Trans fats make the coronary arteries more rigid and contribute to the formation of blood clots, which can lead to heart attack or stroke. |
| Don't eat any trans fat—this means avoiding any foods made with hydrogenated or partially hydroge-nated vegetable oil. These include most commercial baked goods and some fast foods. Both saturated fat and trans fat greatly increase levels of inflammatory chemicals.
•Get 25 grams (g) of fiber daily. A high-fiber diet helps control appetite and reduce inflammation. A study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that people who consume the most fiber have lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a measure of inflammatory chemicals in the body. |
Marshall Editions
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 A 15% tree tree oil solution provides the best results, but if the skin becomes irritated reduce the strength of the oil by diluting with a vegetable oil.
Goldenseal: Ingest goldenseal in capsule form (500 mg) or as a tincture (4 ml) three times a day. This herb has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-enhancing properties. Be sure to purchase goldenseal from manufacturers who use cultivated goldenseal. If this is not specified, it is possible that the goldenseal has been harvested from the wild where its populations are threatened or endangered. |
| You may also create arnica oil by chopping up arnica flowers in five parts of vegetable oil. Arnica should not be placed over open wounds or taken internally.
Rue: This is a bitter and cooling herb, and the oil acts as a "rubefacient," improving circulation to the area and healing inflammation of the soft tissues (muscles, tendons, and ligaments), as well as nerve pain due to sciatica. Combine a few drops of rue oil with arnica and apply it topically. |
| You may also create arnica oil by adding 1 part of chopped up arnica flowers to five parts of vegetable oil. Arnica should not be placed over open wounds or taken internally.
Rue: This is an effective topical treatment for RSI. Rue oil, when combined with arnica in a cream or lotion (this combination can be purchased in herbal medicine stores), or added to an arnica poultice or oil as described above, improves circulation to the inflamed area and heals inflammation of the soft tissues. It should only be used topically. |
Russell L. Blaylock, M.D.
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 In an effort to head off this alarming announcement, vegetable oil manufacturers mounted a massive public relations campaign to promote the idea that it was only the saturated fat component of these new fats that was the problem, not the hydrogenated polyunsaturated vegetable oils.
As we learned earlier, in fact, these oils were not fully hydrogenated; they were only partially hydrogenated, creating high concentrations of trans fatty acids. The edible oil industry began to promote the idea that polyunsaturated oil (mainly corn oil) was healthy and saturated fats were unhealthy. |
| The only problem I have with the mixed tocopherols is that many are dissolved in vegetable oil. Unique E is pure natural vitamin E without vegetable oil. There is also a question about the gelatin capsule and the risk of "mad cow" disease. While risk appears to be very low, when you are dealing with a disease reported to have 100 percent mortality, it is a major concern.
The d-alpha tocopherol succinate form comes as a dry powder. It is often referred to as "dry E." Most manufacturers use a vegetable-based capsule rather than a gelatin capsule, because of the concern about mad cow disease. |
Marshall Editions
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| Dilute it by adding several drops of essential oil to a vegetable oil base, and experiment by using different combinations of essential oils together to customize your own insect repellent. Lemongrass is a cousin of citronella and has many of the same insect-repelling compounds. If you have access to the fresh herb, simply crush some and rub it directly on your skin. Plantain is also excellent for bug bites and can also be rubbed directly on the skin.
CO m o —I ud
—i m
CO
TIP: APPLY A POULTICE
Mash up a clove of garlic and place the poultice on the affected area. |
Joerg Gruenwald, Ph.D.
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 Preparation: Oily nose drops are prepared in a 2 to 5% concentration in vegetable oil. For external use, preparations contain 10 to 30% active ingredient in oil.
Daily Dosage: For internal use, the single dose is 0.2 gm, with the daily dosage ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 gm.
LITERATURE
Kern W, List PH, Horhammer L (Hrsg.), Hagers Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 4. Aufl., Bde. 1-8, Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1969.
Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel, 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges. |
Herbert Ross, DC with Keri Brenner, L.Ac.
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 These are usually available in a vegetable oil base. properties. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of high blood pressure, arthritis, and insomnia and other nervous disorders, and to increase longevity. Reishi is Willard's herb of choice for insomnia because it is calming during the day, reduces anxiety, and is helpful in regulating sugar metabolism. He typically recommends three 1-gram tablets of reishi three times a day.37
Skullcap
Skullcap {Scutellaria lateriflora), also a member of the mint family, has traditionally been used as a nerve tonic and sedative. |
Marshall Editions
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| Sassafras: Essential oil of sassafras can be applied to the corn, but it can be irritating and may need to be diluted with vegetable oil or used in a lotion.
46
DIAGNOSIS
This is a common condition that can affect the scalp of babies and young children. Although it looks unpleasant, it is actually a harmless skin irritation. It is caused by the over-production of sebum, the oily substance produced by the skin's sebaceous glands. This causes a build-up of a greasy-like crust on the scalp. Occasionally, cradle cap can spread beyond the scalp, which then becomes known as seborrheic dermatitis. |
Bottom Line Health
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| Important: Trans fats are not formed when you cook—or even fry—at home with vegetable oil. They are created in frying oil only when the oil is reused after cooking a food that contains trans fats—a common practice in fast-food restaurants.
Trans Fat on Food Labels: Now You See It, Now You Don't
Barbara Schneeman, PhD, director, Office of Nutritional Products, Labeling and Dietary Supplements, US Food and Drug Administration.
Samantha Heller, MS, RD, senior clinical nutritionist, New York University Medical Center, New York City. |
Andreas Moritz
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 Cream of broccoli soup can have a bacteria gene in it, and salad dressing is most likely made with canola oil, vegetable oil or soybean oil (all genetically engineered). The tobacco gene is now used in lettuce and cucumbers and the petunia gene is used in soybeans and carrots. If you have celiac disease, you may need to avoid walnuts because they can have the barley gene in them. Even strawberries are not harmless anymore; they can now have "undisclosed genes" in them, so you will never know what else you are getting when you treat yourself to this delicious fruit. |
Dr Ron Roberts
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 Some infant milk preparations contain vegetable oil derived from peanuts, and an article in the Lancet of 29 May 1993 suggested this is possibly responsible for the increased incidence among children of an allergic sensitivity to peanuts.
Yeast products, too, should be avoided by chronic asthmatics, as a substance known to cause excessive mucus secretion, constriction of airways and activation of inflammatory cells (all part of asthmatic reactions) is found in yeast. Yeast is a good source of many vitamins, but you may have to find an alternative in your diet. |
Michael T. Murray
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 Particularly harmful to cell membrane function are margarine, vegetable oil shortening, and other foods containing trans fatty acids and partially hydrogenated oils. These "unnatural" forms of fatty acids interfere with the body's ability to use important essential fatty acids. One study estimated that substituting polyunsaturated vegetable oils for (hydrogenated-vegetable-oil-containing) margarine would reduce the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes by a whopping 40 percent. |
| This means that a hydrogen molecule is added to the natural unsaturated fatty acid molecules of the vegetable oil to make it more saturated. Hydrogenation, the adding of hydrogen molecules, results in changing the structure of the natural fatty acid to many "unnatural" fatty acid forms as well as from the cis to the trans configuration (see Figure 4.3). The result is that the vegetable oil is now solid or semisolid, but that structural change carries with it significant health risks. what makes saturated fats and most margarines "bad" and monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids "good? |
Ron Garner
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 It is also a powerful marketing gimmick for vegetable oil and margarine manufacturers who can advertise their products to be 'cholesterol-free.' The fact is that 999 out of every 1000 people (or 499 out of every 500, depending on which expert source you read) can control their cholesterol level and, more importantly, their cardiovascular health, by nutritional improvement. Medical professionals that are untrained in nutrition cannot help us reach this objective.38
The body manufactures cholesterol in the liver and in skin cells regardless of whether it is consumed in the diet or not. |
| Lubricate the nozzle and rectum with K-Y gel, a vegetable oil, or an ordinary ointment. (Do not use a petroleum product.)
5 Kneel on the floor near the toilet, in the 'head-to-floor' position so that the rectum is higher than the shoulders. This position allows the water to run more easily into the colon. If for some reason it is not possible to assume this position, an alternate is to lie on the right side or on the back.
6 Insert the nozzle gently. If it will not go in all the way, it should do so once the flow of water is begun. |
Neal D. Barnard and Bryanna Clark Grogan
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 When you see the words partially hydrogenated vegetable oil on a food label, move along to a healthier choice.
You can see why Dr. Ornish decided to use a vegetarian diet in a program of healthy lifestyle changes. Plant foods have no cholesterol and no animal fat. He also kept vegetable oils to a minimum.
The results were remarkable. Among the vegetarians, chest pain rapidly melted away. The average person's LDL ("bad") cholesterol fell by a full 40 percent. After a year, each participant had an angiogram—a special x-ray that shows blockages in the arteries of the heart—and Dr. |
Tom Bohager
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 FCCFIP of lipase can break down 5 grams of vegetable oil in one minute. The fat found in beef or an avocado would be different.
A WORD ABOUT VALUE
When determining value you will no doubt try to compare enzyme supplement labels. Chances are the only useful information you will find will be the active units listed. Because the blending of enzymes is so critical to potency, you cannot assume that the higher the active units, the better the value. |
Bottom Line Health
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| Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil has become the primary fat used in food manufacturing in the US.
DANGERS OF TRANS FATS
Trans fats make the coronary arteries more rigid and contribute to the formation of blood clots, which can lead to heart attack or stroke. Trans fats also reduce HDL ("good") cholesterol levels and increase LDL ("bad") cholesterol.
According to a study by Dr. Walter Willett, chairman of the department of nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health, approximately 30,000 premature heart disease deaths each year can be attributed to the consumption of trans fats. |
Michael Pollan
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 The food scientists' ingenious method for making healthy vegetable oil solid at room temperature—by blasting it with hydrogen— turned out to produce unhealthy trans fats, fats that we now know are more dangerous than the saturated fats they were designed to replace. Yet the beauty of a processed food like margarine is that it can be endlessly reengineered to overcome even the most embarrassing about-face in nutritional thinking—including the real wincer that its main ingredient might cause heart attacks and cancer. |
Jack Challem
See book keywords and concepts |
| Don't Use Unhealthy Cooking Oils
The most common cooking oils—corn, safflower, cottonseed, soybean, and peanut oil and any type of partially hydrogenated vegetable oil or interesterified fat—increase your risk of developing prediabetes and becoming obese. All of these oils interfere with normal insulin function, thereby altering blood-sugar regulation. Most of these oils, which are high in the omega-6 family of fats, promote weight gain, modify the immune response, and increase your risk of developing inflammatory diseases and diabetic complications. |
| At the big-box stores, it's most often partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. Read the labels extra carefully in these stores.
8
Rediscover the Joy of Cooking
The way you've cooked or have had food cooked for you has been the main factor in your becoming prediabetic and overweight. It's time for you to make a choice—between eating for health and eating for sickness. To improve your health, it's essential that you learn about healthier cooking methods and food ingredients. In this chapter, we'll help you do just that.
We know we're going against the tide. |
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