Devra Davis
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 He didn't die during the smog, but he keeled over a year later. Of course, this didn't count as one of those smog deaths, but surely living under all that pollution took a toll."
I replied, "It definitely did. You know my grandmother, Bubbe Pearl, made it through the smog, though she did have her second heart attack then. She didn't die until her twenty-fifth attack, some seven years later."
Devra's grandpa and my bubbe both died of heart disease. But what about cancer, we wondered—had anyone ever looked into whether people from Donora had higher rates of cancer? |
Paul D. Blanc, M.D.
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 The exact number of persons who succumbed as a result of this smog episode has not been determined, but even conservative estimates set the lower limit at thirty-five hundred to four thousand deaths. The crisis took governmental leaders by surprise. Harold Macmillan, minister of housing at the time but later to become prime minister, at first even tried to block any official inquiry, professing that acts of nature can be neither predicted nor prevented.
Yet the 1952 event did not occur without a prelude. |
| Following the earlier Belgian smog disaster but before the London fogs occurred, one of the leading scientific investigators of the Belgian episode warned in 1936, "Wherever fogs of several days are frequent, public authorities are anxious to know the causes of this catastrophe. . . . This apprehension was quite justified when we think that, proportionally, the public services of London, e.g., might be faced with the responsibility of 3200 sudden deaths if such a phenomenon occurred there. |
| Nor did the Belgian crisis of 1936 provide Britain with its earliest inkling of the smog episodes to come. On several occasions, large increases in the death rate in London were noted to be tightly linked to the dense fogs of the nineteenth century, the most lethal of which occurred in London in January and February of 1880.17 These episodes became a fact of everyday life. The deadly pall of London smoke even came to be transfigured into a recurring backdrop to the urban impressionist painting of that era. |
| Ozone at ground level presents a different set of problems from those encountered when it is found low in the atmosphete (photochemical smog; too much ozone is bad) or when it occuts high in the atmosphere (naturally present as an important filter of radiation; too littleozone is bad).
At intense ground-level concentrations, ozone causes severe lung damage after it is inhaled. It acts much like phosgene, with a delayed onset followed by profound distress. Ozone was introduced in the Swedish wood pulp paper industry in 1992. |
Mark Lynas
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 In 1998 a strong El Nino helped generate severe droughts in Amazonia and East Asia, leading to gigantic forest fires which blanketed whole continents in smog. In the Amazon basin alone, 400 million tonnes of carbon were released, equivalent to 5 per cent of human emissions from fossil fuel burning for that whole year.
Surprisingly, the Amazon forest ecosystem turns out to have been remarkably resilient to past climate changes. Even during the chilly depths of the last ice age, the forest persisted relatively undisturbed, despite cooler temperatures and lower rainfall. |
| The closest comparison might be the 1998 fires across Indonesia, which blanketed several countries in choking smog for many months. In Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, eastern Peru and Bolivia, life will become increasingly difficult as the air becomes an unbreathable mixture of searing hot gases and smoke. The sun will be blotted out by the leaden pall hanging overhead, whilst a grey drizzle of light ash falls from the sky.
From space, satellites might witness gigantic walls of flame marching through the last areas of untouched forest. |
| In Hong Kong's 2006 marathon, for example, several runners were hospitalised and one died after completing the course in persistent smog.
Because of its sheer size and population, China is on a collision course with the planet. The country's oil use has doubled in the last ten years, and if the Chinese by 2030 use oil at the same rate as Americans do now, China will need 100 million barrels of oil a day. However, current world production is only around 80 million barrels per day, and is unlikely to rise much further before the 'peak oil' point is reached. |
Peter h. Fraser and Harry Massey
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 They are caused by many factors but primarily by geopathic stress, DNA and genetic damage, and electromagnetic smog. þParasites, bacteria, molds, viruses, and other microorganisms can create patterns of energy and information, forming what might aptly be called "pictures" or "templates" of themselves. The Energetic Terrains are environments in the body-field that are amenable to both real and virtual microbes. þThese virtual microbe patterns can affect the physical body, often expressing themselves as diseases that defy diagnosis by conventional pathology tests. |
Ray D. Strand
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 I stopped along the way to see friends in Azusa. The smog was unbelievable, especially for a small-town boy from South Dakota. The next morning my friend took me outside in his yard to look at the magnificent San Bernardino Mountains. There was only one problem: we could not see them. I will never forget when he took a deep breath and told me how great the fresh morning air felt.
I took a deep breath and couldn't stop coughing. In fact later that day I was out playing a round of golf and every time I took a breath I coughed. After about the seventh hole, I had to quit. |
| This was my introduction to what the news later reported as a moderate smog day.
Air pollutants cause a tremendous amount of oxidative stress in the respiratory tract and in turn, the body. When you add the most potent cause of oxidative stress to the body—cigarette smoking—you put your nasal passageways and lungs literally under attack.
Still, God did not leave us defenseless. He created a sophisticated and elaborate defense system against this attack on our respiratory system. |
Herbert Ross, DC with Keri Brenner, L.Ac.
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 For example, over 158 million Americans live in areas that exceed smog standards.1 It's estimated that 20% of the U.S. populations drinks water that violates safety standards;2 even worse, EPA safety standards only exist for about 120 pollutants in drinking water, but studies have shown that at least 260 contaminants occur in tap water.3 Some 3,000 chemicals are added to the food supply, and as many as 10,000 chemicals in the form of solvents, emulsifiers, and preservatives are used in food processing and storage. Many of these toxins can remain in the body for years. |
Devra Davis
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| Or does it mean that in the year 1980 the President standing in this place will look back on a decade in which 70 percent of our people lived in metropolitan areas choked by traffic, suffocated by smog, poisoned by water, deafened by noise, and terrorized by crime? . . .The great question of the seventies is, shall we surrender to our surroundings, or shall we make our peace with nature and begin to make reparations, for we still think of air as free. But clean air is not free, and neither is clean water.The price tag on pollution control is high. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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 Koukol J, Dugger WM Jr, Anthocyanin formation as a response to ozone and smog treatment in Rumex crispus, L. Plant Physiol, 42:1023-4, Jul 1967.
Yellow Gentian
Gentiana lutea description
Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts of the plant are the dried or fresh underground plant organs.
FloWer and Fruit: The flowers are yellow, terminal, pedicled, and axillary in cymelike false whorls. The calyx is deeply divided in 2. The corolla is rotate and divided almost to the base into 5 or 6 lanceolate tips. There are 5 stamens with 8 mm long anthers and 1 superior ovary. |
Devra Davis
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| You know my grandmother, Bubbe Pearl, made it through the smog, though she did have her second heart attack then. She didn't die until her twenty-fifth attack, some seven years later."
Devra's grandpa and my bubbe both died of heart disease. But what about cancer, we wondered—had anyone ever looked into whether people from Donora had higher rates of cancer? Possibly not, we decided: four out of every five cases of cancer occur in people age sixty-five or older. Neither Bubbe Pearl nor Grandpa Miller had lived that long. |
Mehmet C. Oz., M.D. and Michael F. Roizen, M.D.
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 Clear the Air Nitric oxide is like a clean wind blowing away smog settled above our city. seconds. Like a wind that comes in and blows away pollution, nitric oxide is fleeting and exhilarating (see Figure J. 1). You have nitric oxide, then you don't. (Before you start winking with sweet remembrances, nitric oxide isn't the same thing as nitrous oxide, the laughing gas used as an anesthetic and at some parties.) So what? We've all got gas from time to time. |
Alex Steffen
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 Along the way, we decided that all that smog and soot and poisonous slurry was cramping our style, and we passed laws banning the stuff (or at least driving it offshore). So now we are less smoggy, very wealthy, and extremely powerful.
Not surprisingly, many people in the rest of the world don't like this arrangement, and they've been trying their best to build their own steam engines and smokestacks ever since. Those who believe in the theory that green follows gold have been heartily cheering them on.
But unfortunately, the model we used to get rich is no longer replicable. |
Paula Begoun and Bryan Barron
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 And how do you wash off carbon monoxide or smog when they don't stick to the skin? The answer is, you can't. Furrhermore, rhe planr ingredient that can supposedly fid skin of pollutants (Moringa pterygosperma seed exttact) is present in such a tiny amount (listed aftef the fragrance and preservatives) that its effect, if any, on the skin would barely register.
© $$$ Systeme Hydration La Creme, Nourishing Cleansing Gel-Cream Rinse Off ($36for 5 ounces) is a water- and silicone-based cleansing liquid that contains enough alcohol to make it problematic for use around the eyes. |
Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| We breathe polluted smog instead of oxygen-rich air. When we finally notice our bodies beginning to break down, most people go to a medical doctor for help.
These doctors prescribe synthetic drugs that add to the problem. Drugs may help alleviate the symptoms, but they do nothing to treat the root cause of the disease.
DEFINITION
Leaky Gut Syndrome:
The formation of microscopic holes in the intestinal lining (caused by prescription drugs, poor diet, toxic materials, etc.) leading to increased permeability allowing food particles, toxins, parasites, and heavy metals to enter the bloodstream. |
| The burning of coal and fossil fuels
Fig. IV: smog trapped over Los Angeles releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, thinning the protective ozone layer. An excess of ultraviolet B radiation is allowed through areas of the ozone layer that have become too thin. The ultraviolet B rays infiltrate the ocean and disrupt the phytoplankton's ability to produce oxygen. Moreover, some estimates state at least 100 acres of trees are cut down every minute. The loss of forestry further depletes oxygen levels and allows carbon dioxide levels to rise. |
Bill Sardi
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 While much is made of toxins in the air, ranging from smog to radon gas, it is oxygen itself that is the primary toxin in the body. About 4 % of the oxygen humans breathe converts into a toxic byproduct called free radicals. These free radicals are the "rusting agents" of the body. Exposure to greater than 21 % oxygen can produce injurious side effects. Pure 02 for as little as six hours can cause chest soreness, cough and sore throat. High oxygen levels in incubators produces blindness in babies. |
| Drug Metabolism Review 30: 201-23, 1998]
Millions of dollars of research studies conducted over recent decades cannot correlate exposure to pesticides, microwaves, smog, or electromagnetic fields to the risk for cancer. "Unfortunately, by pushing for more study of environmental risks, the public perception of this environmental program becomes a straw man for the real issues in cancer, such as smoking, dietary habits, etc,"says Brian E. Henderson and Susan Preston-Martin, professors of preventive medicine at the University of Southern California School of Medicine. |
Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN
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| H Z
Z
3 mportant Facts about Indoor Air Quality
Though the word "pollution" often conjures images of smog and litter everywhere, indoor air is up to 10 times more contaminated than outdoor air.
Most American buildings are designed to be airtight to save money on heating and cooling, but this hyper-sealing allows pollutants to stay trapped inside and also prevents the admission of natural purifying agents such as negative ions and ozone from outside air.
Heavily insulated homes harbor more allergens than homes with less insulation. |
Donna Jackson Nakazawa
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 Jan began her glide down the mountain only to find that smog drifting from the fires nearly obliterated the view of the icy gorges and glaciered valleys. But that would turn out to be the least of Jan's worries. She had coasted another half mile in her red jersey when the now familiar vise of pain returned with a vengeance, nearly jolting her from her seat. She found it hard to pull in a breath. The scenery grew blurry. Colors turned to shades of black and white. She was close to passing out.
David discovered Jan crouched by her bike alongside the narrow mountain pass. |
Ray D. Strand
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| Cigarette Smoke
One might anticipate that smog or chemicals pose the biggest threat to our health on a daily basis. But would you believe the greatest cause of oxidative stress in our bodies is cigarette and cigar smoke? It's true. Smoking has been associated with the increased risk of asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease. We all are aware of the health consequences of smoking, but it is fascinating to realize that the underlying problem is the amount of oxidative stress smoking produces in our bodies. |
David Steinman
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 Malaysia sought crisis talks with its bigger neighbor as much of peninsular Malaysia, including the capital, had been shrouded in thick smog for a week, presenting the country with its worst pollution crisis since 1997, when smoke mainly from Indonesian forest fires blocked out skies across Southeast Asia. Asthma attacks soared, and tourists were holing up in their hotels or seeking refuge in air-conditioned shopping malls at one of the busiest times for the country's tourism industry. Talk about the right climate for world terrorism. |
James Dowd and Diane Stafford
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 Moreover, the smog in large metropolitan areas decreases D production compared to rural areas at the same latitude.
The casual sunlight exposure of today's urban lifestyle isn't enough to produce adequate amounts of vitamin D, no matter what your latitude. That's why the Vitamin D Cure is essential!
The Diet-Vitamin D Connection
I he vitamin D deficiency picture is a bit more complicated than it seems on the surface. You can correct your vitamin D levels and help yourself immensely with that one easy upgrade. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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 Also, by heavy metals in water, smog, air pollution. Household chemicals with chlorine, bleach or ammonia. I warn people never to mix ammonia and any kind of chlorine bleach product together, it is extremely neurotoxic."
Other factors linked to memory loss include food allergies, Candida infections, intestinal parasites, and taste enhancers. |
Brenda Watson and Leonard Smith
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 There are air purifiers designed for smog, smoke, and particles; for chemicals, gases, and fumes; and for mold, viruses, and bacteria. Some are designed to handle it all. It just depends on what the main indoor concern may be and how much you want to spend. More than 90 percent of particulates you want to filter are small enough to be handled by a HEPA (high efficiency particle absorption) filter. If you suffer from allergies or asthma, air purifiers can help reduce your symptoms. (Try www.air-purifiers-america.com as a start.) Also change the air-conditioning filters in your house often. |
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