Michael Pollan
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 Here's a list of just the antioxidants that have been identified in a leaf of garden-variety thyme: alanine, anethole essential oil, apigenin, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, caffeic acid, camphene, carvacrol, chlorogenic acid, chrysoeriol, derulic acid, eriodictyol, eugenol, 4-terpinol, gallic acid, gamma-terpinene, isichlorogenic acid, isoeugenol, isothymonin, kaemferol, labiatic acid, lauric acid, linalyl acetate, luteolin, methionine, myrcene, myristic acid, naringenin, rosmarinic acid, selenium, tannin, thymol, trytophan, ursolic acid, vanillic acid. |
Ray D. Strand
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 The two most important essential fatty acids are omega-3 fatty acids, called alpha-linoleic acid, and omega-6 fatty acids, called just linoleic acid. Our bodies turn omega-3 fatty acids into prostaglandins that are primarily anti-inflammatories. Omega-6 fatty acids become prostaglandins that are primarily inflammatories.
The generally accepted optimal ratio of dietary intake of omega-6 fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids is 4:1. This means we should take in four times as much of omega-6 as we do omega-3. |
Lester A. Mitscher and Victoria Toews
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 Green tea contains several amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) including aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, serine, glutamine, tyrosine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, arginine, histidine, tryptophan, aspargine, and proline. Besides these common amino acids, green tea contains another amino acid that is unique to it: theanine. Theanine constitutes about half of the total amino acid levels in green tea, and its presence is said to correlate with tea quality. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 I like grapefruit seed extract, acidophilus -- which is healthy bacteria -- but you have to use the acid. You need to use the acidophilus pearls because most of the acidophilus products are either dead in the bottle or as soon as they hit the stomach acid. The pearls won't dissolve in an alkaline environment. It's like a tank that keeps the soldiers safe until it gets past the stomach.
Mike: Right.
Teitelbaum: Two pearls, twice a day, for five months. |
Pam Montgomery
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 The taste of sour indicates acids like citric acid or oxalic acid and tannins, which have astringency. Astringency causes tissues to tighten and can dry up excess liquid. This is what we are experiencing when we pucker. Sour taste usually indicates some type of action on the urinary tract and kidneys but can also be effective in protecting inflamed tissue, reducing swelling, and increasing stomach acid to cause an alkalizing response by the metabolism.
A bitter taste is one that many prefer to avoid, and yet its taste indicates that the plant may have some type of tonic action. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Now, the consequential factors lipoic acid, vitamin B1 and biotin are in the pathway of conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A, which is the Kreb's cycle feedstock. If you do not have those three nutrients in sufficient amounts, you are not going to be able to convert those sugars that the body has into the Kreb's cycle to make energy.
We put in lipoic acid -- and lipoic acid is a classic nutrient they use for treating diabetics at higher doses -- and that is one of the ways. |
Michael T. Murray and Michael R. Lyon
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 What determines the type of fatty acid present in the cell membrane is the type of fat you consume. A diet composed mostly of saturated fat, animal fatty acids, and trans fatty acids (from margarine, shortening, and other sources of hydroge-nated vegetable oils), and high in cholesterol, results in membranes that are much less fluid in nature than the membranes in a person who consumes optimum levels of unsaturated fatty acids. Without a healthy membrane, cells lose their ability to hold water, vital nutrients, and electrolytes. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Mike: So without the acid, they're not really breaking down and absorbing the other nutrients they get. My guess is that people who have low stomach acid would do especially well on this product.
Kunin: They do very well because the product is actually a digestive aid, and it affects digestion from start to finish. A lot of people do have weak stomach acid and are taking antacids in a situation in which they think they're actually helping themselves. And believing, for example, that they're going to get calcium absorption. Well, calcium can't absorb in a non-acidic environment. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 The "anchor" portion of the fatty acid is in place (which is how the body recognizes the fatty acid and puts it to work) but the chemically active part of the fatty acid is twisted, distorted, and missing vital parts.
After the hydrogenation process, the fatty acid can't biochemically function in the same way. Things like brain cell function, hormones, gland function, oxygen transport, cell wall function (keeping things in or out of your cells) and digestive tract operation (putting together nutrients and blocking allergens) are adversely affected. |
Donald L. Barlett and James B. Steele
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 AstraZeneca's commercials pitching Nexium, the purple pill for heartburn and acid reflux, end with the announcer saying: "Call this number for more information and a Nexium free trial offer. Don't let acid reflux eat at you." Not to be outdone, commercials for a Nexium competitor, TAP Pharmaceuticals' Prevacid, make the same offer. "A friend told me about Pre-vacid," says a middle-aged female, "so I called the number and they sent me a certificate for a week's worth free." A helpful announcer follows: "Call today for a Prevacid free trial offer. |
Neal D. Barnard and Bryanna Clark Grogan
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 Alpha-lipoic acid. Alpha-lipoic acid, sometimes called thioctic acid, is naturally produced in the human body. It plays important roles in the mitochondria, the microscopic "burners" that provide energy in the cells. It works as a cofactor for several enzymes related to energy metabolism.
Supplemental alpha-lipoic acid is used not to counteract deficiencies but to act essentially like a drug. In high doses, it acts as an antioxidant. In people with type 2 diabetes, it appears to increase insulin sensitivity and reduce symptoms of nerve damage. |
Dr. Steven R. Gundry
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 Typical daily dose: 500-1,000 mg
Folic acid and Other B Vitamins Mixed B vitamins include thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride), vitamin Bi2 (cyano-cobalamin), biotin, and pantothenic acid. Along with folic acid, they were among the first the government required in "enriched white flour. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 For example, even while you are actively trying to rebuild RNA in your body through dietary nucleic acid intake, D-ribose enables you to make significantly more RNA.
Mike: It also tastes good, does it not?
Dr. Liers: Yes, it tastes good. Then we put in rice bran solubles, which is a superfood all by itself. We started combining all of these things, including some B complex, because B12, methylcobalamin and folinic acid are right in the pathway as coenzymes for building nucleic acids. We have some of that and magnesium, because magnesium is used in making and using energy. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 There are essential fatty acids in the oil -- omega-6, omega-3, omega-9 -- and also minor fatty acids like gamma linolenic acid and stearidonic acid. So that's one-third of its composition. Another one-third consists mostly of fiber, both soluble and insoluble. And it's also one-third protein.
Mike: So it has a very balanced nutritional make-up, I would say. Would you agree?
Shamai: Yes.
Mike: For the carbs, you said it's mostly fiber and the rest are just going to be complex carbohydrates, correct?
Shamai: Yes. There's virtually no starch, so there's only a little sugar. |
Melody Petersen
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 Black's goal was to stop the stomach from producing acid, which was believed then to be the cause of most ulcers. To do this, he hoped to synthesize a chemical drug that blocked a substance in the body called histamine. That substance had long been suspected of prompting the stomach to produce acid.
Dr. Black hoped his new project would take a few years, but as it is with science, he and his team suffered hundreds of failures. By 1970 the team had tested more than seven hundred chemical compounds for their ability to reduce the flow of acid. |
Michael Pollan
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| Nine percent of the calories in the American diet today come from a single omega-6 fatty acid: linoleic acid, most of it from soybean oil. Some nutrition experts think that this is fine: Omega-6s, after all, are essential fatty acids too, and their rise to dietary prominence has pushed out saturated fats, usually thought to be a positive development. But others strongly disagree, contending that the unprecedented proportion of omega-6s in the Western diet is contributing to the full range of disorders involving inflammation. |
Dr Ron Roberts
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 EVENING PRIMROSE OIL
The secret behind the oil of this unassuming flower is its gammalinoleic acid (GLA) content, a substance that is extremely valuable to the body. Most vegetable oils contain linoleic acid, which the body has to convert into GLA before use,- some people who are atopic may be unable to convert linoleic acid into GLA. They are thought to be deficient in a particular enzyme that is needed for the conversion process.
GLA is used by the body to produce a hormone-like antiinflammatory substance—a prostaglandin—which is capable of stimulating particular cells in the immune system. |
Wendy Bazilian, DRPH, MA, RD, Steven Pratt, MD, Kathy Matthews
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 The major benefit of these polyunsaturated fatty acids called omega-3s, in particular DHA (docosahex-anenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), is that they make blood platelets less "sticky" thus protecting circulatory health, they may promote cognitive functioning, and there's also a growing body of evidence that they may reduce the inflammatory process in the entire body. It's this latter benefit—reducing inflammation—that seems to most benefit those trying to lose weight. |
Richard Beliveau, Ph.D. and Denis Gingras, Ph.D.
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 However, a good proportion (35%) is oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid found primarily in olive oil and known to have positive effects on cardiovascular system health. As well, chocolate's principal lipid, stearic acid, is only weakly absorbed into the body, where it is partially (about 15%) transformed into oleic acid by the liver. Dark chocolate, therefore, is food that can be described as neutral as to its impact on blood cholesterol.
The case of milk chocolate is different. |
William Evans, Ph.D., and Irwin H. Rosenberg, M.D., with Jacqueline Thompson
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 Low-intensity exertion doesn't foster lactic-acid accumulation since our muscles are able to remove the acid as fast as it's produced. However, as the intensity increases and our muscles' demand for oxygen increases, our muscle cells and blood begin to get overloaded with lactic acid.
Lactic acid in quantity is not a good thing. It increases acidity of our muscles and blood and increases our respiration and heart rate. Taken to extremes, the result is a feeling of extreme fatigue. The change in the muscles' acid level can cause a burning sensation that's almost unbearable. |
Doreen Virtue, Ph.D.
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 A version of aspartic acid called asparagine is a component of protein. Aspartic acid combines with the amino acid, citrulline, to form arginine. Aspartame (NutraSweet) is composed of aspartic acid and phenylalanine.
Carnitine—A nonessential amino acid important in metabolizing any fat that you may eat. It also plays a role in reducing triglycerides. Women appear to have naturally lower levels of carnitine than men. As a nonessential amino acid, carnitine is naturally produced by the body. Vitamin C deficiencies can result in carnitine deficiencies. |
Melody Petersen
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| James Black had believed in the 1960s, that most ulcers were caused by an excess of this acid in the stomach. Also, physicians had become awed with the ability of Zantac and Tagamet to reduce the acid and heal their patients' ulcers. Most patients using the drugs, however, found their ulcers came back in a year or so, requiring them to take several dollars' worth of the acid-suppressing pills every day, perhaps for more than a decade.
Even after Dr. Marshall reported his own illness from swallowing the bacteria-infested beef broth, scientists remained skeptical. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 They have an inability to actively utilize their folic acid and convert it to the active form known as folinic acid. So we do a test -- the MTHFR, which is a folate reductase test -- and you can see clearly that they've got this genetic mutation. No one knows why it's there, but B vitamins in particular are at risk because of these mutations and the body's ability to utilize them. I mean, for folic acid, we're talking about microgram doses; we're trying to get four to 600 micrograms a day -- a microgram, we're talking about less than a milligram. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 What you've done is artificially release the amino acids in an unnatural way, and when they enter your GI tract, they are absorbed as free amino acids, then your blood level of that glutamic acid goes up significantly. As I said, it can go up as high as 20-fold, in some cases 40-fold. Your blood brain barrier is not constructed to handle such high levels of glutamate, because it doesn't naturally occur that way. It can handle the lower levels, but it can't handle these very high levels. So this argument, "Oh, it's natural," is just a lot of nonsense. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Wherever possible, consumers are advised to get their vitamin C from a whole food source, and not to confuse synthetic vitamin C (ascorbic acid) with the real thing from plants (which is full spectrum vitamin C that goes way beyond ascorbic acid). A good source of whole food vitamins is Botani (http://www.alohabay.com/botani/index.html)
In terms of topical applications of vitamin C for your skin, there's nothing on the market that even comes close to a product called Camu C Serum manufactured by the Amazon Herb Company (http://amazondreams.amazonherb.net/Lluvia_CamuSerum. |
Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
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 Most younger people have no trouble with the production of hydrochloric acid for this purpose, but older people tend to have impaired acid production. This is especially pronounced in those over 60. So consuming acidic foods or supplements (black vinegar supplements, tomatoes or tomato sauce, pineapples, etc.) can help with digestion and assimilation of calcium and other minerals. |
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