Summary

Original source:
http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,64871,00.html?tw=wn_tophead_1

Details

• Researchers in the southeastern United States are experimenting with a procedure they believe could reduce greenhouse-gas pollution using a discovery pioneered thousands of years ago by farmers in the Brazilian Amazon.
• The technique, which uses a charcoal-based fertilizer to absorb gases, is one of several experiments under way as scientists concerned about global warming are looking for someplace -- any place -- to hide excess carbon dioxide.
• While some say hiding greenhouse gases deep under the Earth's surface is the solution, others believe incorporating them into fertilizer products can solve two problems at once.
• Although people may argue about the causes and effects of global warming, scientists agree on two things: We are increasing the production of greenhouse gases by burning more fossil fuels, and the planet is heating up.
• According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the average temperature in the Northern Hemisphere rose 0.6 degrees Celsius1 during the past century.
• Danny Day, the president of Eprida, a developer of clean technology, believes that greenhouse gases from burning coal and fossil fuels can be captured and injected into charcoal, which is then combined with ammonia to create a powerful fertilizer.
• Later, Day stumbled upon research stating that charcoal had been used thousands of years ago by farmers in the Brazilian Amazon to create rich, dark soil known as Terra Preta de Indio.
• Day said that to create the charcoal that could be used as fertilizer, the biomass must be burned at temperatures somewhat lower than usual (say, 250 to 300 degrees Celsius).
• Johannes Lehmann, assistant professor in the Department of Soil Fertility Management and Soil Biogeochemistry at Cornell University, however, said the carbon has been retained in the soil at the Terra Preta sites in South America for up to 3,000 years.

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